{"id":61950,"date":"2025-04-29T11:43:03","date_gmt":"2025-04-29T03:43:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/61950\/"},"modified":"2025-04-29T11:43:03","modified_gmt":"2025-04-29T03:43:03","slug":"linux%e4%b8%8b%e5%ae%9e%e7%8e%b0%e5%ae%9e%e6%97%b6%e6%97%a5%e5%bf%97%e5%88%86%e6%9e%90%e4%b8%8e%e5%8f%af%e8%a7%86%e5%8c%96%e7%9a%84%e6%8a%80%e6%9c%af%e5%92%8c%e5%b7%a5%e5%85%b7-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/61950\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u4e0b\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b9e\u65f6\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u7684\u6280\u672f\u548c\u5de5\u5177"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e0b\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b9e\u65f6\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u7684\u6280\u672f\u548c\u5de5\u5177<\/p>\n<p>\u6982\u8ff0\uff1a<br \/>\u968f\u7740\u4fe1\u606f\u6280\u672f\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u6545\u969c\u6392\u9664\u4e2d\u626e\u6f14\u7740\u91cd\u8981\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u5728Linux\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u8bb0\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u548c\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4f9d\u636e\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528Linux\u4e0b\u7684\u6280\u672f\u548c\u5de5\u5177\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b9e\u65f6\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u4ecb\u7ecd ELK\uff08Elasticsearch\u3001Logstash\u3001Kibana\uff09\u6280\u672f\u6808\u548c Fluentd \u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>ELK\u6280\u672f\u6808\uff1a<br \/>ELK\u6280\u672f\u6808\u7531 Elasticsearch\u3001Logstash\u548cKibana\u4e09\u4e2a\u5f00\u6e90\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u5206\u522b\u8d1f\u8d23\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u6536\u96c6\u4e0e\u5904\u7406\u4ee5\u53ca\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5c55\u793a\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>1.1 Elasticsearch\uff1aElasticsearch\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u65f6\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u641c\u7d22\u548c\u5206\u6790\u5f15\u64ce\u3002\u5b83\u5c06\u65e5\u5fd7\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u63d0\u4f9b\u5feb\u901f\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u548c\u805a\u5408\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1.2 Logstash\uff1aLogstash\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u7528\u4e8e\u6536\u96c6\u3001\u5904\u7406\u548c\u8f6c\u53d1\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u4ece\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6e90\uff08\u5982\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7b49\uff09\u6536\u96c6\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u6e05\u6d17\u548c\u8f6c\u6362\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u53d1\u9001\u5230Elasticsearch\u8fdb\u884c\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u7d22\u5f15\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1.3 Kibana\uff1aKibana\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u548c\u5206\u6790\u65e5\u5fd7\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u56fe\u8868\u3001\u8868\u683c\u548c\u5730\u56fe\u5c55\u793a\u65e5\u5fd7\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u548c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u7528\u6237\u5bf9\u65e5\u5fd7\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u6df1\u5165\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Fluentd\uff1a<br \/>Fluentd\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6536\u96c6\u548c\u8f6c\u53d1\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u65e5\u5fd7\u6570\u636e\u4ece\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6e90\u5934\u6536\u96c6\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u591a\u4e2a\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u3002Fluentd\u652f\u6301\u4e0eElasticsearch\u548cKibana\u7684\u96c6\u6210\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u5904\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u884c\u65e0\u7f1d\u6574\u5408\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<br \/>\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528ELK\u6280\u672f\u6808\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b9e\u65f6\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u548c\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u4e3a\u4f8b\u8fdb\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>3.1 \u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u914d\u7f6eELK\uff1a<br \/>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5Elasticsearch\u3001Logstash\u548cKibana\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728Ubuntu\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo apt-get install elasticsearch\nsudo apt-get install logstash\nsudo apt-get install kibana<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ec4\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6b65\u9aa4\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863\u3002<\/p>\n<p>3.2 \u6536\u96c6\u65e5\u5fd7\uff1a<br \/>\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u53f0\u8fd0\u884cApache\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684Linux\u4e3b\u673a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8981\u6536\u96c6\u5b83\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5728Logstash\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u8f93\u5165\u6e90\uff0c\u5e76\u6307\u5b9a\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>input {\n  file {\n    path =&amp;gt; \"\/var\/log\/apache\/access.log\"\n    start_position =&amp;gt; \"beginning\"\n  }\n}<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u914d\u7f6e\u8f93\u51fa\u6e90\uff0c\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u53d1\u9001\u5230Elasticsearch\u8fdb\u884c\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u7d22\u5f15\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>output {\n  elasticsearch {\n    hosts =&amp;gt; [\"localhost:9200\"]\n    index =&amp;gt; \"apache-access-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}\"\n  }\n}<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>3.3 \u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5c55\u793a\uff1a<br \/>\u542f\u52a8Logstash\u548cKibana\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7Kibana\u7684Web\u754c\u9762\u6765\u5bf9\u6536\u96c6\u5230\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5c55\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728Kibana\u4e2d\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u914d\u7f6eElasticsearch\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u522b\u540d\uff0c\u5e76\u9009\u62e9\u4ece\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u65e5\u5fd7\u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>Management -&amp;gt; Index Patterns -&amp;gt; Create Index Pattern -&amp;gt; \u8f93\u5165\u7d22\u5f15\u522b\u540d\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u5b57\u6bb5 -&amp;gt; \u786e\u5b9a<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Kibana\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u56fe\u8868\u548c\u8868\u683c\u6765\u5bf9\u65e5\u5fd7\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u7edf\u8ba1\u548c\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u603b\u7ed3\uff1a<br \/>\u672c\u6587\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u5728Linux\u4e0b\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b9e\u65f6\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528ELK\u6280\u672f\u6808\u6216Fluentd\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u6536\u96c6\u3001\u5904\u7406\u548c\u5b58\u50a8\u65e5\u5fd7\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7Kibana\u7b49\u5de5\u5177\u8fdb\u884c\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5c55\u793a\u548c\u5206\u6790\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u6545\u969c\u6392\u9664\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u5347\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662fLinux\u4e0b\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b9e\u65f6\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u7684\u6280\u672f\u548c\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8FDCServers\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e0b\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b9e\u65f6\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u7684\u6280\u672f\u548c\u5de5\u5177 \u6982\u8ff0\uff1a\u968f\u7740\u4fe1\u606f\u6280\u672f\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u6545\u969c\u6392\u9664\u4e2d\u626e\u6f14\u7740\u91cd\u8981\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u5728Linux\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u8bb0\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u548c\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4f9d\u636e\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528Linux\u4e0b\u7684\u6280\u672f\u548c\u5de5\u5177\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b9e\u65f6\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u4ecb\u7ecd ELK\uff08Elasticsearch\u3001Logstash\u3001Kibana\uff09\u6280\u672f\u6808\u548c Fluentd \u5de5\u5177\u3002 ELK\u6280\u672f\u6808\uff1aELK\u6280\u672f\u6808\u7531 Elasticsearch\u3001Logstash\u548cKibana\u4e09\u4e2a\u5f00\u6e90\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u5206\u522b\u8d1f\u8d23\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u6536\u96c6\u4e0e\u5904\u7406\u4ee5\u53ca\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5c55\u793a\u3002 1.1 Elasticsearch\uff1aElasticsearch\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u65f6\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u641c\u7d22\u548c\u5206\u6790\u5f15\u64ce\u3002\u5b83\u5c06\u65e5\u5fd7\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u63d0\u4f9b\u5feb\u901f\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u548c\u805a\u5408\u529f\u80fd\u3002 1.2 Logstash\uff1aLogstash\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u7528\u4e8e\u6536\u96c6\u3001\u5904\u7406\u548c\u8f6c\u53d1\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u4ece\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6e90\uff08\u5982\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7b49\uff09\u6536\u96c6\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u6e05\u6d17\u548c\u8f6c\u6362\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u53d1\u9001\u5230Elasticsearch\u8fdb\u884c\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u7d22\u5f15\u3002 1.3 Kibana\uff1aKibana\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u548c\u5206\u6790\u65e5\u5fd7\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u56fe\u8868\u3001\u8868\u683c\u548c\u5730\u56fe\u5c55\u793a\u65e5\u5fd7\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u548c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u7528\u6237\u5bf9\u65e5\u5fd7\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u6df1\u5165\u5206\u6790\u3002 Fluentd\uff1aFluentd\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6536\u96c6\u548c\u8f6c\u53d1\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u65e5\u5fd7\u6570\u636e\u4ece\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6e90\u5934\u6536\u96c6\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u591a\u4e2a\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u3002Fluentd\u652f\u6301\u4e0eElasticsearch\u548cKibana\u7684\u96c6\u6210\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u5904\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u884c\u65e0\u7f1d\u6574\u5408\u3002 \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528ELK\u6280\u672f\u6808\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b9e\u65f6\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u548c\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u4e3a\u4f8b\u8fdb\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u3002 3.1 \u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u914d\u7f6eELK\uff1a\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5Elasticsearch\u3001Logstash\u548cKibana\u3002 \u5728Ubuntu\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a sudo apt-get install elasticsearch sudo apt-get install logstash sudo apt-get install kibana \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ec4\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6b65\u9aa4\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863\u3002 3.2 \u6536\u96c6\u65e5\u5fd7\uff1a\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u53f0\u8fd0\u884cApache\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684Linux\u4e3b\u673a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8981\u6536\u96c6\u5b83\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002 \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5728Logstash\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u8f93\u5165\u6e90\uff0c\u5e76\u6307\u5b9a\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a input { file { path =&amp;gt; &#8220;\/var\/log\/apache\/access.log&#8221; start_position =&amp;gt; &#8220;beginning&#8221; } } \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u7136\u540e\uff0c\u914d\u7f6e\u8f93\u51fa\u6e90\uff0c\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u53d1\u9001\u5230Elasticsearch\u8fdb\u884c\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u7d22\u5f15\uff1a output { elasticsearch { hosts =&amp;gt; [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-61950","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-os"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61950","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=61950"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61950\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=61950"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=61950"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=61950"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}