{"id":61994,"date":"2025-04-29T13:51:15","date_gmt":"2025-04-29T05:51:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/61994\/"},"modified":"2025-04-29T13:51:15","modified_gmt":"2025-04-29T05:51:15","slug":"linux%e4%b8%8a%e7%9a%84%e6%97%a5%e5%bf%97%e5%88%86%e6%9e%90%e4%b8%8e%e5%ad%98%e5%82%a8%e4%bc%98%e5%8c%96-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/61994\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u4e0a\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u5b58\u50a8\u4f18\u5316"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4e0a\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u5b58\u50a8\u4f18\u5316<\/p>\n

\u968f\u7740\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6025\u5267\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u7ef4\u548c\u4e1a\u52a1\u76d1\u63a7\u53d8\u5f97\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5728Linux\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5404\u79cd\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u6536\u96c6\u548c\u5206\u6790\u65e5\u5fd7\u6570\u636e\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u65e5\u5fd7\u91cf\u7684\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u65e5\u5fd7\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u5206\u6790\u4e5f\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u6311\u6218\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5728Linux\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b58\u50a8\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u6536\u96c6\u548c\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177<\/p>\n

\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u6700\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6536\u96c6\u548c\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u4e4b\u4e00\u662frsyslog\u3002rsyslog\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u4e14\u9ad8\u5ea6\u53ef\u5b9a\u5236\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e8b\u4ef6\u8bb0\u5f55\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6536\u96c6\u3001\u5904\u7406\u548c\u8f6c\u53d1\u5404\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528rsyslog\u6536\u96c6\u548c\u5206\u6790\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n

# \/etc\/rsyslog.conf\n\n# \u542f\u7528UDP\u76d1\u542c\uff0c\u63a5\u6536\u8fdc\u7a0b\u4e3b\u673a\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\n$ModLoad imudp\n$UDPServerRun 514\n\n# \u5c06\u6240\u6709\u4ece\u8fdc\u7a0b\u4e3b\u673a\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u5b58\u50a8\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\n*.* \/var\/log\/remote.log\n\n# \u5c06\u6307\u5b9a\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u5b58\u50a8\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\nif $fromhost-ip == '192.168.1.100' then \/var\/log\/device.log\n\n# \u5c06\u6307\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u5b58\u50a8\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\nif $programname == 'nginx' then \/var\/log\/nginx.log<\/pre>\n
 \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n
\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u542f\u7528UDP\u76d1\u542c\u5668\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8rsyslog\u63a5\u6536\u6765\u81ea\u8fdc\u7a0b\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u6761\u4ef6\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u4e0d\u540c\u6765\u6e90\u548c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6570\u636e\u5206\u522b\u5b58\u50a8\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9664\u4e86rsyslog\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u4e00\u4e9b\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6536\u96c6\u548c\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5982ELK\uff08Elasticsearch\u3001Logstash\u548cKibana\uff09\u5806\u6808\u3002ELK\u5806\u6808\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u5f00\u6e90\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u5904\u7406\u548c\u5206\u6790\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u5b58\u50a8\u4f18\u5316<\/p>\n
\u968f\u7740\u65e5\u5fd7\u91cf\u7684\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u65e5\u5fd7\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u590d\u6742\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b58\u50a8\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u5904\u7406\u65e5\u5fd7\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n
    \n
  1. \u5b9a\u671f\u5907\u4efd\u548c\u5f52\u6863\u65e5\u5fd7\uff1a\u5b9a\u671f\u5907\u4efd\u548c\u5f52\u6863\u65e5\u5fd7\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u8fc7\u5927\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5de5\u5177\u5982logrotate\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u65e5\u5fd7\u8f6e\u8f6c\u548c\u538b\u7f29\uff0c\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u5360\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    # \/etc\/logrotate.conf\n\n\/var\/log\/*.log {\n    weekly\n    rotate 4\n    compress\n    missingok\n    notifempty\n    }<\/pre>\n
     \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n
      \n
    1. \u4f7f\u7528\u538b\u7f29\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u91cf\u65e5\u5fd7\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u538b\u7f29\u7b97\u6cd5\uff08\u5982gzip\u6216bzip2\uff09\u6765\u51cf\u5c11\u5b58\u50a8\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u5360\u7528\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u538b\u7f29\u7b97\u6cd5\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u89e3\u538b\u7f29\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      # \u4f7f\u7528gzip\u538b\u7f29\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\n$ gzip \/var\/log\/nginx.log<\/pre>\n
       \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n
        \n
      1. \u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u9694\uff1a\u5c06\u5927\u578b\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u5206\u5272\u6210\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5199\u5165\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5de5\u5177\u5982split\u6765\u5c06\u5927\u578b\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u5206\u5272\u4e3a\u591a\u4e2a\u5c0f\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        # \u5c06\u5927\u578b\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u5206\u5272\u4e3a10\u4e2a\u5c0f\u6587\u4ef6\n$ split -l 1000000 large.log small.log<\/pre>\n
         \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n
          \n
        1. \u4f7f\u7528\u4e13\u7528\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528\u4e13\u7528\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5982\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u5982HDFS\uff09\u548c\u5217\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff08\u5982Cassandra\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b58\u50a8\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u53ef\u4f38\u7f29\u6027\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
          \u4e09\u3001\u7ed3\u8bba<\/p>\n
          \u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u7ef4\u548c\u4e1a\u52a1\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5de5\u5177\u5982rsyslog\u548cELK\u5806\u6808\u6765\u6536\u96c6\u548c\u5206\u6790\u65e5\u5fd7\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f18\u5316\u5b58\u50a8\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u671f\u5907\u4efd\u548c\u5f52\u6863\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u538b\u7f29\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u9694\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\u4e13\u7528\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f18\u5316\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u5904\u7406\u548c\u5206\u6790\u65e5\u5fd7\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n
          \uff08\u6ce8\uff1a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ec5\u4e3a\u793a\u4f8b\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u9645\u60c5\u51b5\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u6574\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n
          \u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662fLinux\u4e0a\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u5b58\u50a8\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8FDCServers\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
          \u4e0a\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u5b58\u50a8\u4f18\u5316 \u968f\u7740\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6025\u5267\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u7ef4\u548c\u4e1a\u52a1\u76d1\u63a7\u53d8\u5f97\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5728Linux\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5404\u79cd\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u6536\u96c6\u548c\u5206\u6790\u65e5\u5fd7\u6570\u636e\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u65e5\u5fd7\u91cf\u7684\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u65e5\u5fd7\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u5206\u6790\u4e5f\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u6311\u6218\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5728Linux\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b58\u50a8\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u3002 \u4e00\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u6536\u96c6\u548c\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177 \u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u6700\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6536\u96c6\u548c\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u4e4b\u4e00\u662frsyslog\u3002rsyslog\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u4e14\u9ad8\u5ea6\u53ef\u5b9a\u5236\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e8b\u4ef6\u8bb0\u5f55\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6536\u96c6\u3001\u5904\u7406\u548c\u8f6c\u53d1\u5404\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6570\u636e\u3002 \u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528rsyslog\u6536\u96c6\u548c\u5206\u6790\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a # 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