{"id":62050,"date":"2025-04-29T13:32:23","date_gmt":"2025-04-29T05:32:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/62050\/"},"modified":"2025-04-29T13:32:23","modified_gmt":"2025-04-29T05:32:23","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8nginx%e8%bf%9b%e8%a1%8chttp%e8%af%b7%e6%b1%82%e7%9a%84%e6%97%a5%e5%bf%97%e8%ae%b0%e5%bd%95%e5%92%8c%e5%88%86%e6%9e%90-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/62050\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Nginx\u8fdb\u884cHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u548c\u5206\u6790"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u8fdb\u884chttp\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u548c\u5206\u6790<\/p>\n<p>\u5f15\u8a00\uff1a<br \/>\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u7684Web\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7ecf\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u5bf9HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u8fdb\u884c\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u548c\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u76d1\u6d4b\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u60c5\u51b5\u3001\u6392\u67e5\u95ee\u9898\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f18\u5316\u6027\u80fd\u3002Nginx\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u6b3e\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684HTTP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u66f4\u52a0\u51fa\u8272\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u4f7f\u7528Nginx\u6765\u8fdb\u884cHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u548c\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u3001\u914d\u7f6eNginx\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u683c\u5f0f<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u8bb0\u5f55\u66f4\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49Nginx\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u5728Nginx\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u627e\u5230&#8221;http&#8221;\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>http {\n    log_format my_log_format '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] \"$request\" '\n                             '$status $body_bytes_sent \"$http_referer\" \"$http_user_agent\" '\n                             '\"$gzip_ratio\"';\n\n    access_log \/var\/log\/nginx\/access.log my_log_format;\n}<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 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{\n    access_log \/var\/log\/nginx\/access.log my_log_format;\n    error_log \/var\/log\/nginx\/error.log;\n\n    logrotate daily;\n    rotate 7;\n    size 10M;\n    missingok;\n    notifempty;\n    compress;\n    delaycompress;\n}<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u914d\u7f6eNginx\u6bcf\u5929\u8fdb\u884c\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u5272\uff0c\u4fdd\u7559\u6700\u8fd17\u5929\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u6700\u5927\u4e3a10MB\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u4e0a\u9650\u540e\u5c06\u8fdb\u884c\u538b\u7f29\u5e76\u65b0\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4e5f\u4f1a\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u7a7a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u5272\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528ELK Stack\u8fdb\u884c\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790<\/p>\n<p>ELK Stack\u662f\u4e00\u5957\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u7531Elasticsearch\u3001Logstash\u548cKibana\u4e09\u4e2a\u5de5\u5177\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528ELK Stack\u6765\u5bf9Nginx\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\u548c\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u914d\u7f6e\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>1.\u5b89\u88c5Elasticsearch<\/p>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u914d\u7f6eElasticsearch\u4f5c\u4e3a\u65e5\u5fd7\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u5b89\u88c5\u6b65\u9aa4\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003Elasticsearch\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863\uff1ahttps:\/\/www.elastic.co\/guide\/en\/elasticsearch\/reference\/current\/index.html<\/p>\n<p>2.\u5b89\u88c5Logstash<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5\u5e76\u914d\u7f6eLogstash\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u6536\u96c6\u548c\u52a0\u5de5\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u5b89\u88c5\u6b65\u9aa4\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003Logstash\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863\uff1ahttps:\/\/www.elastic.co\/guide\/en\/logstash\/current\/index.html<\/p>\n<p>3.\u7f16\u5199Logstash\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<p>\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u4f8b\u5982nginx.conf\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>input {\n    file {\n        path =&amp;gt; \"\/var\/log\/nginx\/access.log\"\n        start_position =&amp;gt; \"beginning\"\n    }\n}\n\nfilter {\n    grok {\n        match =&amp;gt; { \"message\" =&amp;gt; \"%{IPORHOST:clientip} %{HTTPDUSER:ident} %{USER:auth} [%{HTTPDATE:timestamp}] \"%{WORD:verb} %{URIPATHPARAM:request} HTTP\/%{NUMBER:httpversion}\" %{NUMBER:response} %{NUMBER:bytes} \"%{URI:referrer}\" \"%{DATA:useragent}\" \"%{DATA:gzipratio}\"\" }\n    }\n}\n\noutput {\n    elasticsearch {\n        hosts =&amp;gt; \"localhost\"\n        index =&amp;gt; \"nginx-logs-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}\"\n    }\n}<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u683c\u5f0f\u548cElasticsearch\u7684\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u65e5\u5fd7\u5b58\u50a8\u5230\u4ee5\u65e5\u671f\u4e3a\u540e\u7f00\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>4.\u542f\u52a8Logstash<\/p>\n<p>\u542f\u52a8Logstash\u5e76\u52a0\u8f7d\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>$ bin\/logstash -f nginx.conf<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>5.\u5b89\u88c5Kibana<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u914d\u7f6eKibana\u4f5c\u4e3a\u65e5\u5fd7\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u5b89\u88c5\u6b65\u9aa4\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003Kibana\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863\uff1ahttps:\/\/www.elastic.co\/guide\/en\/kibana\/current\/index.html<\/p>\n<p>\u914d\u7f6e\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u6253\u5f00Kibana\u7684web\u754c\u9762\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u641c\u7d22\u548c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u65f6\u67e5\u770b\u548c\u5206\u6790Nginx\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7ed3\u8bba\uff1a<br \/>\u901a\u8fc7\u914d\u7f6eNginx\u8fdb\u884cHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u548c\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u76d1\u63a7\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u60c5\u51b5\u3001\u6392\u67e5\u95ee\u9898\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f18\u5316\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408ELK Stack\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u96c6\u4e2d\u5b58\u50a8\u3001\u5206\u6790\u548c\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u8fd0\u7ef4\u6548\u7387\u548c\u7f51\u7ad9\u6027\u80fd\u5206\u6790\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u672c\u6587\u5bf9\u5927\u5bb6\u80fd\u6709\u6240\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Nginx\u8fdb\u884cHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u548c\u5206\u6790\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8FDCServers\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u8fdb\u884chttp\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u548c\u5206\u6790 \u5f15\u8a00\uff1a\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u7684Web\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7ecf\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u5bf9HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u8fdb\u884c\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u548c\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u76d1\u6d4b\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u60c5\u51b5\u3001\u6392\u67e5\u95ee\u9898\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f18\u5316\u6027\u80fd\u3002Nginx\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u6b3e\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684HTTP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u66f4\u52a0\u51fa\u8272\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u4f7f\u7528Nginx\u6765\u8fdb\u884cHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u548c\u5206\u6790\u3002 \u4e00\u3001\u914d\u7f6eNginx\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u683c\u5f0f \u4e3a\u4e86\u8bb0\u5f55\u66f4\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49Nginx\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u5728Nginx\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u627e\u5230&#8221;http&#8221;\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a http { log_format my_log_format &#8216;$remote_addr &#8211; $remote_user [$time_local] &#8220;$request&#8221; &#8216; &#8216;$status $body_bytes_sent &#8220;$http_referer&#8221; &#8220;$http_user_agent&#8221; &#8216; &#8216;&#8221;$gzip_ratio&#8221;&#8216;; access_log \/var\/log\/nginx\/access.log my_log_format; } \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 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