{"id":62065,"date":"2025-04-29T13:32:19","date_gmt":"2025-04-29T05:32:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/62065\/"},"modified":"2025-04-29T13:32:19","modified_gmt":"2025-04-29T05:32:19","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8linux%e8%bf%9b%e8%a1%8c%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e8%b5%84%e6%ba%90%e9%99%90%e5%88%b6%e5%92%8c%e6%8e%a7%e5%88%b6-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/62065\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u8fdb\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u9650\u5236\u548c\u63a7\u5236"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528linux\u8fdb\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u9650\u5236\u548c\u63a7\u5236<\/p>\n

\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7ecf\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u8fdb\u884c\u9650\u5236\u548c\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u5185\u5efa\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u63a7\u5236\u673a\u5236\u6765\u9650\u5236\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u91cd\u70b9\u4ecb\u7ecdcgroup (control group) \u548culimit\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001cgroup<\/p>\n

cgroup\u662fLinux\u5185\u6838\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u7ba1\u7406\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5b83\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ec4\u8fdb\u884c\u8d44\u6e90\u9650\u5236\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u3002cgroup\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u9650\u5236CPU\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u3001I\/O\u7b49\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u5b89\u88c5cgroup\u5de5\u5177<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5cgroup\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570Linux\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n

    sudo apt-get install cgroup-tools<\/pre>\n
      \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
      \n
    1. \u521b\u5efacgroup<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528cgcreate\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2acgroup\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3amygroup\u7684cgroup\uff1a<\/p>\n
      sudo cgcreate -g cpu,memory:mygroup<\/pre>\n
        \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
      \u4e0a\u8ff0\u547d\u4ee4\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3amygroup\u7684cgroup\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u540c\u65f6\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86CPU\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u9650\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n
        \n
      1. \u8bbe\u7f6ecgroup\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u9650\u5236<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        \u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6ecgroup\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u9650\u5236\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06CPU\u9650\u5236\u4e3a\u6700\u591a\u4f7f\u752850%\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5185\u5b58\u9650\u5236\u4e3a\u6700\u591a\u4f7f\u75281GB\u7684\u5185\u5b58\uff1a<\/p>\n
        sudo cgset -r cpu.cfs_quota_us=50000 -r memory.limit_in_bytes=1G mygroup<\/pre>\n
          \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
        \u4e0a\u8ff0\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06mygroup\u7684CPU\u9650\u5236\u4e3a\u6700\u591a\u4f7f\u752850%\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5185\u5b58\u9650\u5236\u4e3a\u6700\u591a\u4f7f\u75281GB\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n
          \n
        1. \u5c06\u8fdb\u7a0b\u52a0\u5165cgroup<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
          \u6700\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528cgclassify\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u8fdb\u7a0b\u52a0\u5165\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u7684cgroup\u4e2d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5c06\u8fdb\u7a0bPID\u4e3a12345\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u52a0\u5165\u5230mygroup\uff1a<\/p>\n
          sudo cgclassify -g cpu,memory:mygroup 12345<\/pre>\n
            \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
          \u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u8fdb\u7a0bPID\u4e3a12345\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5c06\u53d7\u5230mygroup\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u9650\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n
          \u4e8c\u3001ulimit<\/p>\n
          \u9664\u4e86cgroup\uff0cLinux\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u63a7\u5236\u5de5\u5177ulimit\u3002ulimit\u5141\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u9650\u5236\u5355\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n
            \n
          1. \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u8d44\u6e90\u9650\u5236<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
            \u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528ulimit\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u8d44\u6e90\u9650\u5236\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6700\u5927\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\u9650\u5236\uff1a<\/p>\n
            ulimit -f<\/pre>\n
              \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
              \n
            1. \u8bbe\u7f6e\u8d44\u6e90\u9650\u5236<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
              \u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528ulimit\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8d44\u6e90\u9650\u5236\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5c06\u6700\u5927\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\u9650\u5236\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a1GB\uff1a<\/p>\n
              ulimit -f 1000000000<\/pre>\n
                \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
              \u4e0a\u8ff0\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u6700\u5927\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\u9650\u5236\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a1GB\u3002<\/p>\n
              \u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528ulimit\u547d\u4ee4\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5176\u4ed6\u8d44\u6e90\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u5982CPU\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u3001\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u6570\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n
                \n
              1. \u6c38\u4e45\u4fee\u6539\u8d44\u6e90\u9650\u5236<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                \u901a\u8fc7ulimit\u547d\u4ee4\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u9650\u5236\u4ec5\u5bf9\u5f53\u524d\u4f1a\u8bdd\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5c06\u5931\u6548\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8981\u6c38\u4e45\u4fee\u6539\u8d44\u6e90\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fee\u6539\u7cfb\u7edf\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\/etc\/security\/limits.conf\u3002<\/p>\n
                \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8981\u5c06\u6700\u5927\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u6570\u9650\u5236\u4fee\u6539\u4e3a10000\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\/etc\/security\/limits.conf\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u4ee5\u4e0b\u914d\u7f6e\uff1a<\/p>\n
                *    hard    nofile    10000<\/pre>\n
                  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
                \u4e0a\u8ff0\u914d\u7f6e\u5c06\u6700\u5927\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u6570\u9650\u5236\u4fee\u6539\u4e3a10000\u3002<\/p>\n
                \u7ed3\u8bba<\/p>\n
                \u672c\u6587\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528linux\u8fdb\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u9650\u5236\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u91cd\u70b9\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86cgroup\u548culimit\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5e76\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u793a\u4f8b\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u7406\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u672c\u6587\u5bf9\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u8fdb\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u9650\u5236\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u8bfb\u8005\u6709\u6240\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n
                \u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599\uff1a<\/p>\n
                  \n
                • https:\/\/www.man7.org\/linux\/man-pages\/man7\/cgroups.7.html<\/li>\n
                • https:\/\/www.man7.org\/linux\/man-pages\/man2\/setrlimit.2.html<\/li>\n
                • https:\/\/linux.die.net\/man\/1\/ulimit<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                  \u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u8fdb\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u9650\u5236\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8FDCServers\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
                  \u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528linux\u8fdb\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u9650\u5236\u548c\u63a7\u5236 \u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7ecf\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u8fdb\u884c\u9650\u5236\u548c\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u5185\u5efa\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u63a7\u5236\u673a\u5236\u6765\u9650\u5236\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u91cd\u70b9\u4ecb\u7ecdcgroup (control group) \u548culimit\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u793a\u4f8b\u3002 \u4e00\u3001cgroup cgroup\u662fLinux\u5185\u6838\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u7ba1\u7406\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5b83\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ec4\u8fdb\u884c\u8d44\u6e90\u9650\u5236\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u3002cgroup\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u9650\u5236CPU\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u3001I\/O\u7b49\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3002 \u5b89\u88c5cgroup\u5de5\u5177 \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5cgroup\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570Linux\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a sudo apt-get install cgroup-tools \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u521b\u5efacgroup \u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528cgcreate\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2acgroup\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3amygroup\u7684cgroup\uff1a sudo cgcreate -g cpu,memory:mygroup \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u4e0a\u8ff0\u547d\u4ee4\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3amygroup\u7684cgroup\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u540c\u65f6\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86CPU\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u9650\u5236\u3002 \u8bbe\u7f6ecgroup\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u9650\u5236 \u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6ecgroup\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u9650\u5236\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06CPU\u9650\u5236\u4e3a\u6700\u591a\u4f7f\u752850%\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5185\u5b58\u9650\u5236\u4e3a\u6700\u591a\u4f7f\u75281GB\u7684\u5185\u5b58\uff1a sudo cgset -r cpu.cfs_quota_us=50000 -r memory.limit_in_bytes=1G mygroup \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u4e0a\u8ff0\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06mygroup\u7684CPU\u9650\u5236\u4e3a\u6700\u591a\u4f7f\u752850%\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5185\u5b58\u9650\u5236\u4e3a\u6700\u591a\u4f7f\u75281GB\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u3002 \u5c06\u8fdb\u7a0b\u52a0\u5165cgroup \u6700\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528cgclassify\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u8fdb\u7a0b\u52a0\u5165\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u7684cgroup\u4e2d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5c06\u8fdb\u7a0bPID\u4e3a12345\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u52a0\u5165\u5230mygroup\uff1a sudo cgclassify -g cpu,memory:mygroup 12345 \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u8fdb\u7a0bPID\u4e3a12345\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5c06\u53d7\u5230mygroup\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u9650\u5236\u3002 \u4e8c\u3001ulimit \u9664\u4e86cgroup\uff0cLinux\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u63a7\u5236\u5de5\u5177ulimit\u3002ulimit\u5141\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u9650\u5236\u5355\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u3002 \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u8d44\u6e90\u9650\u5236 \u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528ulimit\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u8d44\u6e90\u9650\u5236\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6700\u5927\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\u9650\u5236\uff1a ulimit -f \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u8bbe\u7f6e\u8d44\u6e90\u9650\u5236 \u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528ulimit\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8d44\u6e90\u9650\u5236\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5c06\u6700\u5927\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\u9650\u5236\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a1GB\uff1a ulimit -f 1000000000 \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 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