{"id":62066,"date":"2025-04-29T14:32:22","date_gmt":"2025-04-29T06:32:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/62066\/"},"modified":"2025-04-29T14:32:22","modified_gmt":"2025-04-29T06:32:22","slug":"%e6%9c%80%e5%85%a8linux%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4%e5%a4%a7%e5%85%a8%ef%bc%8c%e5%bb%ba%e8%ae%ae%e6%94%b6%e8%97%8f%ef%bc%81%ef%bc%81%ef%bc%81-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/62066\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6700\u5168Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u5927\u5168\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u6536\u85cf\uff01\uff01\uff01"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> <\/p>\n<h2> <span>\u524d\u8a00<\/span><span><\/span> <\/h2>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">Linux\u548cwindows\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u7ba1\u63a7\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002windows\u4ee5\u76f4\u89c2\u7684\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u9002\u5408\u5728\u684c\u9762\u7aefPC\u4e0a\u64cd\u4f5c\u6267\u884c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.php.cn\/upload\/article\/001\/275\/013\/a7e08e2f753831ad37aa53be48b2f491-0.png\" class=\"aligncenter\" title=\"\u6700\u5168Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u5927\u5168\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u6536\u85cf\uff01\uff01\uff01\u63d2\u56fe\" alt=\"\u6700\u5168Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u5927\u5168\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u6536\u85cf\uff01\uff01\uff01\u63d2\u56fe\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">\u800cLinux\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u7f16\u7a0b\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u8fd0\u7ef4\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u66f4\u52a0\u7b80\u5355\u3001\u77ed\u5c0f\u3001\u7cbe\u608d\u3002\u77ed\u77ed\u4e00\u884c\u7ec4\u5408\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u5b8c\u6210\u5728windows\u9700\u8981\u5404\u79cd\u52a0\u5de5\u3001\u6574\u5408\u7684\u590d\u6742\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<h2> <span>1.\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406<\/span><span><\/span> <\/h2>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">w \u663e\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u5728\u7ebf\u7528\u6237\u60c5\u51b5<\/p>\n<pre>my_adm&nbsp;pts\/0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;111.111.111.111&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u4e0915&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;24:58&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2:51&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0.02s&nbsp;sshd:&nbsp;my_admin&nbsp;[priv]root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;pts\/3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;111.111.111.112&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;13:15&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;3:47m&nbsp;&nbsp;0.35s&nbsp;&nbsp;0.35s&nbsp;-bashmy_adm&nbsp;pts\/5&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;111.111.111.113&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;15:14&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2.00s&nbsp;&nbsp;0.54s&nbsp;&nbsp;0.02s&nbsp;sshd:&nbsp;my_admin&nbsp;[priv]<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">pkill -kill -t pts\/??&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6740\u6389\u6307\u5b9a\u540d\u5b57\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u5982\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684pts\/5<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">\u4f20\u9001\u95e8\uff1a<\/p>\n<h2> <span>2.\u7cfb\u7edf\u4fe1\u606f<\/span><span><\/span> <\/h2>\n<pre>arch&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u673a\u5668\u7684\u5904\u7406\u5668\u67b6\u6784(1)&nbsp;uname&nbsp;-m&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u673a\u5668\u7684\u5904\u7406\u5668\u67b6\u6784(2)&nbsp;uname&nbsp;-r&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u6b63\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5185\u6838\u7248\u672c&nbsp;dmidecode&nbsp;-q&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u786c\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u90e8\u4ef6&nbsp;-&nbsp;(SMBIOS&nbsp;\/&nbsp;DMI)&nbsp;hdparm&nbsp;-i&nbsp;\/dev\/hda&nbsp;\u7f57\u5217\u4e00\u4e2a\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u7279\u6027&nbsp;hdparm&nbsp;-tT&nbsp;\/dev\/sda&nbsp;\u5728\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0a\u6267\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6027\u8bfb\u53d6\u64cd\u4f5c&nbsp;cat&nbsp;\/proc\/cpuinfo&nbsp;\u663e\u793aCPU&nbsp;info\u7684\u4fe1\u606f&nbsp;cat&nbsp;\/proc\/interrupts&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u4e2d\u65ad&nbsp;cat&nbsp;\/proc\/meminfo&nbsp;\u6821\u9a8c\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528&nbsp;cat&nbsp;\/proc\/swaps&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u54ea\u4e9bswap\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528&nbsp;cat&nbsp;\/proc\/version&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u5185\u6838\u7684\u7248\u672c&nbsp;cat&nbsp;\/proc\/net\/dev&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u7f51\u7edc\u9002\u914d\u5668\u53ca\u7edf\u8ba1&nbsp;cat&nbsp;\/proc\/mounts&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u5df2\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf&nbsp;lspci&nbsp;-tv&nbsp;\u7f57\u5217&nbsp;PCI&nbsp;\u8bbe\u5907&nbsp;lsusb&nbsp;-tv&nbsp;\u663e\u793a&nbsp;USB&nbsp;\u8bbe\u5907&nbsp;date&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u671f&nbsp;ctime=`date&nbsp;+%Y-%m-%dT%k:%M:%S`&nbsp;#\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u59822018-01-13T11:09:19\uff0c&nbsp;\u6ce8\u610f%k&nbsp;\u4e0e&nbsp;%H\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u524d\u8005\u8fd4\u56de9\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u8fd4\u56de09.YESTERDAY=`date&nbsp;+%Y-%m-%d&nbsp;-d&nbsp;\"-1&nbsp;days\"`&nbsp;\u83b7\u53d6\u6628\u65e5\u65e5\u671fcal&nbsp;2007&nbsp;\u663e\u793a2007\u5e74\u7684\u65e5\u5386\u8868&nbsp;date&nbsp;041217002007.00&nbsp;\u8bbe\u7f6e\u65e5\u671f\u548c\u65f6\u95f4&nbsp;-&nbsp;\u6708\u65e5\u65f6\u5206\u5e74.\u79d2&nbsp;clock&nbsp;-w&nbsp;\u5c06\u65f6\u95f4\u4fee\u6539\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230&nbsp;BIOS<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">\u67e5\u8be2\u7f51\u5173\u5730\u5740(\u5982\u5c06centos\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7f51\u7edc\u83b7\u53d6\u7c7b\u578b\u7531dhcp\u5207\u6362\u4e3astatic\u65f6,\u9700\u8981\u83b7\u53d6\u5230ip\u53ca\u7f51\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\u8fdb\u884c\u56fa\u5316\u914d\u7f6e\u65f6\u4f1a\u7528\u5230,\u5982\u672c\u5730ip\u4e3a10.34.0.123,\u5219\u901a\u8fc7\u5982\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u8be2\u5230\u7f51\u5173\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a3.254):<\/p>\n<pre>[root@file-server&nbsp;~]#&nbsp;netstat&nbsp;-rnKernel&nbsp;IP&nbsp;routing&nbsp;tableDestination&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Gateway&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Genmask&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Flags&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;MSS&nbsp;Window&nbsp;&nbsp;irtt&nbsp;Iface0.0.0.0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;10.34.3.254&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0.0.0.0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;UG&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0&nbsp;0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0&nbsp;enp3g010.34.0.0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0.0.0.0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;255.255.252.0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;U&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0&nbsp;0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0&nbsp;enp3g0192.168.1.0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0.0.0.0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;255.255.255.0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;U&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0&nbsp;0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0&nbsp;virbr0<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">CentOS \/ RedHat \u7cfb\u5217,\u67e5\u770b\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4fe1\u606f(\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709lsb_release\u547d\u4ee4, \u4f7f\u7528&#8221;yum install redhat-lsb&#8221;\u5b89\u88c5):<\/p>\n<pre>[root@server-test&nbsp;online]#&nbsp;lsb_release&nbsp;-aLSB&nbsp;Version:&nbsp;:core-4.1-amd64:core-4.1-noarchDistributor&nbsp;ID:&nbsp;CentOSDescription:&nbsp;CentOS&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;release&nbsp;7.5.1804&nbsp;(Core)&nbsp;Release:&nbsp;7.5.1804Codename:&nbsp;Core<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<h2> <span>3.\u5173\u673a (\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5173\u673a\u3001\u91cd\u542f\u4ee5\u53ca\u767b\u51fa )<\/span><span><\/span> <\/h2>\n<pre>shutdown&nbsp;-h&nbsp;now&nbsp;\u5173\u95ed\u7cfb\u7edf(1)&nbsp;init&nbsp;0&nbsp;\u5173\u95ed\u7cfb\u7edf(2)&nbsp;telinit&nbsp;0&nbsp;\u5173\u95ed\u7cfb\u7edf(3)&nbsp;shutdown&nbsp;-h&nbsp;hours:minutes&nbsp;&amp;amp;&nbsp;\u6309\u9884\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u5173\u95ed\u7cfb\u7edf&nbsp;shutdown&nbsp;-c&nbsp;\u53d6\u6d88\u6309\u9884\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u5173\u95ed\u7cfb\u7edf&nbsp;shutdown&nbsp;-r&nbsp;now&nbsp;\u91cd\u542f(1)&nbsp;reboot&nbsp;\u91cd\u542f(2)&nbsp;logout&nbsp;\u6ce8\u9500<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<h2> <span>4.\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55<\/span><span><\/span> <\/h2>\n<pre>cd&nbsp;\/home&nbsp;\u8fdb\u5165&nbsp;'\/&nbsp;home'&nbsp;\u76ee\u5f55'&nbsp;cd&nbsp;..&nbsp;\u8fd4\u56de\u4e0a\u4e00\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55&nbsp;cd&nbsp;..\/..&nbsp;\u8fd4\u56de\u4e0a\u4e24\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55&nbsp;cd&nbsp;\u8fdb\u5165\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55&nbsp;cd&nbsp;~user1&nbsp;\u8fdb\u5165\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55&nbsp;cd&nbsp;-&nbsp;\u8fd4\u56de\u4e0a\u6b21\u6240\u5728\u7684\u76ee\u5f55&nbsp;pwd&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8def\u5f84&nbsp;ls&nbsp;\u67e5\u770b\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6&nbsp;ls&nbsp;-F&nbsp;\u67e5\u770b\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6&nbsp;ls&nbsp;-l&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u8d44\u6599&nbsp;ls&nbsp;-a&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u9690\u85cf\u6587\u4ef6&nbsp;ls&nbsp;*[0-9]*&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u5305\u542b\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u540d&nbsp;tree&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u7531\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u6811\u5f62\u7ed3\u6784(1)&nbsp;lstree&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u7531\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u6811\u5f62\u7ed3\u6784(2)&nbsp;mkdir&nbsp;dir1&nbsp;\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u53eb\u505a&nbsp;'dir1'&nbsp;\u7684\u76ee\u5f55'&nbsp;mkdir&nbsp;dir1&nbsp;dir2&nbsp;\u540c\u65f6\u521b\u5efa\u4e24\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55&nbsp;mkdir&nbsp;-p&nbsp;\/tmp\/dir1\/dir2&nbsp;\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u6811&nbsp;rm&nbsp;-f&nbsp;file1&nbsp;\u5220\u9664\u4e00\u4e2a\u53eb\u505a&nbsp;'file1'&nbsp;\u7684\u6587\u4ef6'&nbsp;rmdir&nbsp;dir1&nbsp;\u5220\u9664\u4e00\u4e2a\u53eb\u505a&nbsp;'dir1'&nbsp;\u7684\u76ee\u5f55'&nbsp;rm&nbsp;-rf&nbsp;dir1&nbsp;\u5220\u9664\u4e00\u4e2a\u53eb\u505a&nbsp;'dir1'&nbsp;\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u5e76\u540c\u65f6\u5220\u9664\u5176\u5185\u5bb9&nbsp;rm&nbsp;-rf&nbsp;dir1&nbsp;dir2&nbsp;\u540c\u65f6\u5220\u9664\u4e24\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u53ca\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5185\u5bb9&nbsp;mv&nbsp;dir1&nbsp;new_dir&nbsp;\u91cd\u547d\u540d\/\u79fb\u52a8&nbsp;\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55&nbsp;cp&nbsp;file1&nbsp;file2&nbsp;\u590d\u5236\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6&nbsp;cp&nbsp;dir\/*&nbsp;.&nbsp;\u590d\u5236\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55&nbsp;cp&nbsp;-a&nbsp;\/tmp\/dir1&nbsp;.&nbsp;\u590d\u5236\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55&nbsp;cp&nbsp;-a&nbsp;dir1&nbsp;dir2&nbsp;\u590d\u5236\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55&nbsp;ln&nbsp;-s&nbsp;file1&nbsp;lnk1&nbsp;\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u5411\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u8f6f\u94fe\u63a5&nbsp;ln&nbsp;file1&nbsp;lnk1&nbsp;\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u5411\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u7269\u7406\u94fe\u63a5&nbsp;touch&nbsp;-t&nbsp;0712250000&nbsp;file1&nbsp;\u4fee\u6539\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6233&nbsp;-&nbsp;(YYMMDDhhmm)&nbsp;file&nbsp;file1&nbsp;outputs&nbsp;the&nbsp;mime&nbsp;type&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;file&nbsp;as&nbsp;text&nbsp;iconv&nbsp;-l&nbsp;\u5217\u51fa\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u7f16\u7801&nbsp;iconv&nbsp;-f&nbsp;fromEncoding&nbsp;-t&nbsp;toEncoding&nbsp;inputFile&nbsp;&amp;gt;&nbsp;outputFile&nbsp;creates&nbsp;a&nbsp;new&nbsp;from&nbsp;the&nbsp;given&nbsp;input&nbsp;file&nbsp;by&nbsp;assuming&nbsp;it&nbsp;is&nbsp;encoded&nbsp;in&nbsp;fromEncoding&nbsp;and&nbsp;converting&nbsp;it&nbsp;to&nbsp;toEncoding.&nbsp;find&nbsp;.&nbsp;-maxdepth&nbsp;1&nbsp;-name&nbsp;*.jpg&nbsp;-print&nbsp;-exec&nbsp;convert&nbsp;\"{}\"&nbsp;-resize&nbsp;80x60&nbsp;\"thumbs\/{}\"&nbsp;;&nbsp;batch&nbsp;resize&nbsp;files&nbsp;in&nbsp;the&nbsp;current&nbsp;directory&nbsp;and&nbsp;send&nbsp;them&nbsp;to&nbsp;a&nbsp;thumbnails&nbsp;directory&nbsp;(requires&nbsp;convert&nbsp;from&nbsp;Imagemagick)<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<h2> <span>5.\u6587\u4ef6\u641c\u7d22<\/span><span><\/span> <\/h2>\n<pre>find&nbsp;\/&nbsp;-name&nbsp;file1&nbsp;\u4ece&nbsp;'\/'&nbsp;\u5f00\u59cb\u8fdb\u5165\u6839\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u641c\u7d22\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55&nbsp;find&nbsp;\/&nbsp;-user&nbsp;user1&nbsp;\u641c\u7d22\u5c5e\u4e8e\u7528\u6237&nbsp;'user1'&nbsp;\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55&nbsp;find&nbsp;\/home\/user1&nbsp;-name&nbsp;*.bin&nbsp;\u5728\u76ee\u5f55&nbsp;'\/&nbsp;home\/user1'&nbsp;\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22\u5e26\u6709'.bin'&nbsp;\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6&nbsp;find&nbsp;\/usr\/bin&nbsp;-type&nbsp;f&nbsp;-atime&nbsp;+100&nbsp;\u641c\u7d22\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb100\u5929\u5185\u672a\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\u7684\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6&nbsp;find&nbsp;\/usr\/bin&nbsp;-type&nbsp;f&nbsp;-mtime&nbsp;-10&nbsp;\u641c\u7d22\u572810\u5929\u5185\u88ab\u521b\u5efa\u6216\u8005\u4fee\u6539\u8fc7\u7684\u6587\u4ef6&nbsp;find&nbsp;\/&nbsp;-name&nbsp;*.rpm&nbsp;-exec&nbsp;chmod&nbsp;755&nbsp;'{}'&nbsp;;&nbsp;\u641c\u7d22\u4ee5&nbsp;'.rpm'&nbsp;\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u5b9a\u4e49\u5176\u6743\u9650&nbsp;^&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;find&nbsp;\/tmp&nbsp;-name&nbsp;*.hprof&nbsp;-exec&nbsp;rm&nbsp;-f&nbsp;{}&nbsp;;\u6279\u91cf\u5220\u9664java\u5806\u6808.hprof\u6587\u4ef6find&nbsp;\/&nbsp;-xdev&nbsp;-name&nbsp;*.rpm&nbsp;\u641c\u7d22\u4ee5&nbsp;'.rpm'&nbsp;\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5ffd\u7565\u5149\u9a71\u3001\u6377\u76d8\u7b49\u53ef\u79fb\u52a8\u8bbe\u5907&nbsp;locate&nbsp;*.ps&nbsp;\u5bfb\u627e\u4ee5&nbsp;'.ps'&nbsp;\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6&nbsp;-&nbsp;\u5148\u8fd0\u884c&nbsp;'updatedb'&nbsp;\u547d\u4ee4&nbsp;whereis&nbsp;halt&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u6e90\u7801\u6216man\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e&nbsp;which&nbsp;halt&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u8def\u5f84&nbsp;grep&nbsp;-rn&nbsp;\"query_string\"&nbsp;*&nbsp;&nbsp;Linux\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u5168\u5c40\u67e5\u627e\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u5305\u542b\u6307\u5b9a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff08-r\uff1a\u9012\u5f52\uff1b-n\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u884c\u53f7\uff09<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<h2> <span>6.\u6302\u8f7d\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf<\/span><span><\/span> <\/h2>\n<pre>mount&nbsp;\/dev\/hda2&nbsp;\/mnt\/hda2&nbsp;\u6302\u8f7d\u4e00\u4e2a\u53eb\u505ahda2\u7684\u76d8&nbsp;-&nbsp;\u786e\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55&nbsp;'\/&nbsp;mnt\/hda2'&nbsp;\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728&nbsp;umount&nbsp;\/dev\/hda2&nbsp;\u5378\u8f7d\u4e00\u4e2a\u53eb\u505ahda2\u7684\u76d8&nbsp;-&nbsp;\u5148\u4ece\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9&nbsp;'\/&nbsp;mnt\/hda2'&nbsp;\u9000\u51fa&nbsp;fuser&nbsp;-km&nbsp;\/mnt\/hda2&nbsp;\u5f53\u8bbe\u5907\u7e41\u5fd9\u65f6\u5f3a\u5236\u5378\u8f7d&nbsp;umount&nbsp;-n&nbsp;\/mnt\/hda2&nbsp;\u8fd0\u884c\u5378\u8f7d\u64cd\u4f5c\u800c\u4e0d\u5199\u5165&nbsp;\/etc\/mtab&nbsp;\u6587\u4ef6-&nbsp;\u5f53\u6587\u4ef6\u4e3a\u53ea\u8bfb\u6216\u5f53\u78c1\u76d8\u5199\u6ee1\u65f6\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528&nbsp;mount&nbsp;\/dev\/fd0&nbsp;\/mnt\/floppy&nbsp;\u6302\u8f7d\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f6f\u76d8&nbsp;mount&nbsp;\/dev\/cdrom&nbsp;\/mnt\/cdrom&nbsp;\u6302\u8f7d\u4e00\u4e2acdrom\u6216dvdrom&nbsp;mount&nbsp;\/dev\/hdc&nbsp;\/mnt\/cdrecorder&nbsp;\u6302\u8f7d\u4e00\u4e2acdrw\u6216dvdrom&nbsp;mount&nbsp;\/dev\/hdb&nbsp;\/mnt\/cdrecorder&nbsp;\u6302\u8f7d\u4e00\u4e2acdrw\u6216dvdrom&nbsp;mount&nbsp;-o&nbsp;loop&nbsp;file.iso&nbsp;\/mnt\/cdrom&nbsp;\u6302\u8f7d\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u6216ISO\u955c\u50cf\u6587\u4ef6&nbsp;mount&nbsp;-t&nbsp;vfat&nbsp;\/dev\/hda5&nbsp;\/mnt\/hda5&nbsp;\u6302\u8f7d\u4e00\u4e2aWindows&nbsp;FAT32\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf&nbsp;mount&nbsp;\/dev\/sda1&nbsp;\/mnt\/usbdisk&nbsp;\u6302\u8f7d\u4e00\u4e2ausb&nbsp;\u6377\u76d8\u6216\u95ea\u5b58\u8bbe\u5907&nbsp;mount&nbsp;-t&nbsp;smbfs&nbsp;-o&nbsp;username=user,password=pass&nbsp;\/\/WinClient\/share&nbsp;\/mnt\/share&nbsp;\u6302\u8f7d\u4e00\u4e2awindows\u7f51\u7edc\u5171\u4eab<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<h2> <span>7.\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4<\/span><span><\/span> <\/h2>\n<pre>df&nbsp;-h&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u5df2\u7ecf\u6302\u8f7d\u7684\u5206\u533a\u5217\u8868&nbsp;ls&nbsp;-lSr&nbsp;|more&nbsp;\u4ee5\u5c3a\u5bf8\u5927\u5c0f\u6392\u5217\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55&nbsp;du&nbsp;-sh&nbsp;dir1&nbsp;\u4f30\u7b97\u76ee\u5f55&nbsp;'dir1'&nbsp;\u5df2\u7ecf\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4'&nbsp;du&nbsp;-sk&nbsp;*&nbsp;|&nbsp;sort&nbsp;-rn&nbsp;\u4ee5\u5bb9\u91cf\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a\u4f9d\u636e\u4f9d\u6b21\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u5927\u5c0f&nbsp;rpm&nbsp;-q&nbsp;-a&nbsp;--qf&nbsp;'%10{SIZE}t%{NAME}n'&nbsp;|&nbsp;sort&nbsp;-k1,1n&nbsp;\u4ee5\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a\u4f9d\u636e\u4f9d\u6b21\u663e\u793a\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684rpm\u5305\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4&nbsp;(fedora,&nbsp;redhat\u7c7b\u7cfb\u7edf)&nbsp;dpkg-query&nbsp;-W&nbsp;-f='${Installed-Size;10}t${Package}n'&nbsp;|&nbsp;sort&nbsp;-k1,1n&nbsp;\u4ee5\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a\u4f9d\u636e\u663e\u793a\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684deb\u5305\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4&nbsp;(ubuntu,&nbsp;debian\u7c7b\u7cfb\u7edf)&nbsp;hdfs&nbsp;dfs&nbsp;-du&nbsp;\/dw\/default&nbsp;|&nbsp;sort&nbsp;-rn&nbsp;|&nbsp;head&nbsp;-n&nbsp;10&nbsp;|&nbsp;awk&nbsp;'{printf(\"%.2f\t\t%.2f\t\t%s\t\n\",$1\/1024\/1024\/1024,\"\t\"$2\/1024\/1024\/1024,\"\t\"$3)}'&nbsp;&nbsp;\u67e5\u8be2hdfs\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u8868\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u6309\u4ece\u5927\u5230\u5c0f\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u6392\u5217(\u53d6\u524d10\u5217)\uff0c\u5355\u4f4dGB<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<h2> <span>8.\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d1f\u8f7d &#8212; top<\/span><span><\/span> <\/h2>\n<pre>top&nbsp;-d&nbsp;20&nbsp;-p&nbsp;1303&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u5c06\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53f71303\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d1f\u8f7d\uff0c\u6bcf\u969420\u79d2\u5237\u65b0\u4e00\u6b21\u3002\u82f1\u6587\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\uff0c\u6309\u4f4fc\u952e\uff0c\u5c06\u5c55\u793a\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u73af\u5883\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8ejava\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8c03\u8bd5\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u53cb\u597d\u3002top&nbsp;-d&nbsp;20&nbsp;-n&nbsp;3&nbsp;-b&nbsp;&amp;gt;&nbsp;test.txt&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6bcf\u969420\u79d2\uff0c\u4e00\u5171\u6267\u884c3\u6b21\uff0c&nbsp;\u5c06\u7edf\u8ba1\u7ed3\u679c\u5bfc\u5165\u5230test.txt\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">top\u547d\u4ee4\u663e\u793a\u4e0d\u5168\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0-w\u53c2\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">\u547d\u4ee4\u4e3a\uff1atop -b -n 1<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> -b\u4e3a \u6279\u5904\u7406\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c <\/li>\n<li> -n\u4e3a\u5237\u65b0\u7684\u6b21\u6570 <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">\u53d1\u73b0\u4fe1\u606f\u663e\u793a\u4e0d\u5168\uff0c\u6700\u540eman top\uff0c\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570w\u540e\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u663e\u793a<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">top -b -n 1 -w 512<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u663e\u793a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684COMMAND\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528top -c\u53c2\u6570<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">top -c -bw 500<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">\u67e5\u770b\u5b8c\u6574\u8fdb\u7a0b\u540d\uff0c \u6309500\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u957f\u5ea6\u67e5\u770b\uff08\u8fd9\u6837\u57fa\u672c\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u5230\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff09 \u5176\u4ed6\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5b98\u65b9\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>1.&nbsp;COMMAND-LINE&nbsp;Options&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The&nbsp;command-line&nbsp;syntax&nbsp;for&nbsp;top&nbsp;consists&nbsp;of:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-hv|-bcHiOSs&nbsp;-d&nbsp;secs&nbsp;-n&nbsp;max&nbsp;-u|U&nbsp;user&nbsp;-p&nbsp;pid&nbsp;-o&nbsp;fld&nbsp;-w&nbsp;[cols]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The&nbsp;typically&nbsp;mandatory&nbsp;switch&nbsp;('-')&nbsp;and&nbsp;even&nbsp;whitespace&nbsp;are&nbsp;completely&nbsp;optional.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-h&nbsp;|&nbsp;-v&nbsp;&nbsp;:Help\/Version&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Show&nbsp;library&nbsp;version&nbsp;and&nbsp;the&nbsp;usage&nbsp;prompt,&nbsp;then&nbsp;quit.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-b&nbsp;&nbsp;:Batch-mode&nbsp;operation&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Starts&nbsp;top&nbsp;in&nbsp;Batch&nbsp;mode,&nbsp;which&nbsp;could&nbsp;be&nbsp;useful&nbsp;for&nbsp;sending&nbsp;output&nbsp;from&nbsp;top&nbsp;to&nbsp;other&nbsp;programs&nbsp;or&nbsp;to&nbsp;a&nbsp;file.&nbsp;&nbsp;In&nbsp;this&nbsp;mode,&nbsp;top&nbsp;will&nbsp;not&nbsp;accept&nbsp;input&nbsp;and&nbsp;runs&nbsp;until&nbsp;the&nbsp;iterations&nbsp;limit&nbsp;you've&nbsp;set&nbsp;with&nbsp;the&nbsp;`-n'&nbsp;command-line&nbsp;option&nbsp;or&nbsp;until&nbsp;killed.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-c&nbsp;&nbsp;:Command-line\/Program-name&nbsp;toggle&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Starts&nbsp;top&nbsp;with&nbsp;the&nbsp;last&nbsp;remembered&nbsp;`c'&nbsp;state&nbsp;reversed.&nbsp;&nbsp;Thus,&nbsp;if&nbsp;top&nbsp;was&nbsp;displaying&nbsp;command&nbsp;lines,&nbsp;now&nbsp;that&nbsp;field&nbsp;will&nbsp;show&nbsp;program&nbsp;names,&nbsp;and&nbsp;visa&nbsp;versa.&nbsp;&nbsp;See&nbsp;the&nbsp;`c'&nbsp;interactive&nbsp;command&nbsp;for&nbsp;additional&nbsp;information.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-d&nbsp;&nbsp;:Delay-time&nbsp;interval&nbsp;as:&nbsp;&nbsp;-d&nbsp;ss.t&nbsp;(secs.tenths)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Specifies&nbsp;the&nbsp;delay&nbsp;between&nbsp;screen&nbsp;updates,&nbsp;and&nbsp;overrides&nbsp;the&nbsp;corresponding&nbsp;value&nbsp;in&nbsp;one's&nbsp;personal&nbsp;configuration&nbsp;file&nbsp;or&nbsp;the&nbsp;startup&nbsp;default.&nbsp;&nbsp;Later&nbsp;this&nbsp;can&nbsp;be&nbsp;changed&nbsp;with&nbsp;the&nbsp;`d'&nbsp;or&nbsp;`s'&nbsp;interactive&nbsp;commands.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Fractional&nbsp;&nbsp;seconds&nbsp;&nbsp;are&nbsp;honored,&nbsp;but&nbsp;a&nbsp;negative&nbsp;number&nbsp;is&nbsp;not&nbsp;allowed.&nbsp;&nbsp;In&nbsp;all&nbsp;cases,&nbsp;however,&nbsp;such&nbsp;changes&nbsp;are&nbsp;prohibited&nbsp;if&nbsp;top&nbsp;is&nbsp;running&nbsp;in&nbsp;Secure&nbsp;mode,&nbsp;except&nbsp;for&nbsp;root&nbsp;(unless&nbsp;the&nbsp;`s'&nbsp;command-line&nbsp;option&nbsp;was&nbsp;used).&nbsp;&nbsp;For&nbsp;additional&nbsp;information&nbsp;on&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Secure&nbsp;mode&nbsp;see&nbsp;topic&nbsp;6a.&nbsp;SYSTEM&nbsp;Configuration&nbsp;File.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-H&nbsp;&nbsp;:Threads-mode&nbsp;operation&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Instructs&nbsp;top&nbsp;to&nbsp;display&nbsp;individual&nbsp;threads.&nbsp;&nbsp;Without&nbsp;this&nbsp;command-line&nbsp;option&nbsp;a&nbsp;summation&nbsp;of&nbsp;all&nbsp;threads&nbsp;in&nbsp;each&nbsp;process&nbsp;is&nbsp;shown.&nbsp;&nbsp;Later&nbsp;this&nbsp;can&nbsp;be&nbsp;changed&nbsp;with&nbsp;the&nbsp;`H'&nbsp;interactive&nbsp;command.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-i&nbsp;&nbsp;:Idle-process&nbsp;toggle&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Starts&nbsp;top&nbsp;with&nbsp;the&nbsp;last&nbsp;remembered&nbsp;`i'&nbsp;state&nbsp;reversed.&nbsp;&nbsp;When&nbsp;this&nbsp;toggle&nbsp;is&nbsp;Off,&nbsp;tasks&nbsp;that&nbsp;have&nbsp;not&nbsp;used&nbsp;any&nbsp;CPU&nbsp;since&nbsp;the&nbsp;last&nbsp;update&nbsp;will&nbsp;not&nbsp;be&nbsp;displayed.&nbsp;&nbsp;For&nbsp;additional&nbsp;information&nbsp;regarding&nbsp;this&nbsp;toggle&nbsp;see&nbsp;topic&nbsp;4c.&nbsp;TASK&nbsp;AREA&nbsp;Commands,&nbsp;SIZE.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-n&nbsp;&nbsp;:Number-of-iterations&nbsp;limit&nbsp;as:&nbsp;&nbsp;-n&nbsp;number&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Specifies&nbsp;the&nbsp;maximum&nbsp;number&nbsp;of&nbsp;iterations,&nbsp;or&nbsp;frames,&nbsp;top&nbsp;should&nbsp;produce&nbsp;before&nbsp;ending.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-o&nbsp;&nbsp;:Override-sort-field&nbsp;as:&nbsp;&nbsp;-o&nbsp;fieldname&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Specifies&nbsp;the&nbsp;name&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;field&nbsp;on&nbsp;which&nbsp;tasks&nbsp;will&nbsp;be&nbsp;sorted,&nbsp;independent&nbsp;of&nbsp;what&nbsp;is&nbsp;reflected&nbsp;in&nbsp;the&nbsp;configuration&nbsp;file.&nbsp;&nbsp;You&nbsp;can&nbsp;prepend&nbsp;a&nbsp;`+'&nbsp;or&nbsp;`-'&nbsp;to&nbsp;the&nbsp;field&nbsp;name&nbsp;to&nbsp;also&nbsp;override&nbsp;the&nbsp;sort&nbsp;direction.&nbsp;&nbsp;A&nbsp;leading&nbsp;`+'&nbsp;will&nbsp;force&nbsp;sorting&nbsp;&nbsp;high&nbsp;&nbsp;to&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;low,&nbsp;whereas&nbsp;a&nbsp;`-'&nbsp;will&nbsp;ensure&nbsp;a&nbsp;low&nbsp;to&nbsp;high&nbsp;ordering.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;This&nbsp;option&nbsp;exists&nbsp;primarily&nbsp;to&nbsp;support&nbsp;automated\/scripted&nbsp;batch&nbsp;mode&nbsp;operation.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-O&nbsp;&nbsp;:Output-field-names&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;This&nbsp;option&nbsp;acts&nbsp;as&nbsp;a&nbsp;form&nbsp;of&nbsp;help&nbsp;for&nbsp;the&nbsp;above&nbsp;-o&nbsp;option.&nbsp;&nbsp;It&nbsp;will&nbsp;cause&nbsp;top&nbsp;to&nbsp;print&nbsp;each&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;available&nbsp;field&nbsp;names&nbsp;on&nbsp;a&nbsp;separate&nbsp;line,&nbsp;then&nbsp;quit.&nbsp;&nbsp;Such&nbsp;names&nbsp;are&nbsp;subject&nbsp;to&nbsp;nls&nbsp;translation.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-p&nbsp;&nbsp;:Monitor-PIDs&nbsp;mode&nbsp;as:&nbsp;&nbsp;-pN1&nbsp;-pN2&nbsp;...&nbsp;&nbsp;or&nbsp;&nbsp;-pN1,N2,N3&nbsp;...&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Monitor&nbsp;only&nbsp;processes&nbsp;with&nbsp;specified&nbsp;process&nbsp;IDs.&nbsp;&nbsp;This&nbsp;option&nbsp;can&nbsp;be&nbsp;given&nbsp;up&nbsp;to&nbsp;20&nbsp;times,&nbsp;or&nbsp;you&nbsp;can&nbsp;provide&nbsp;a&nbsp;comma&nbsp;delimited&nbsp;list&nbsp;with&nbsp;up&nbsp;to&nbsp;20&nbsp;pids.&nbsp;&nbsp;Co-mingling&nbsp;both&nbsp;approaches&nbsp;is&nbsp;permitted.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;A&nbsp;pid&nbsp;value&nbsp;of&nbsp;zero&nbsp;will&nbsp;be&nbsp;treated&nbsp;as&nbsp;the&nbsp;process&nbsp;id&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;top&nbsp;program&nbsp;itself&nbsp;once&nbsp;it&nbsp;is&nbsp;running.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;This&nbsp;is&nbsp;a&nbsp;command-line&nbsp;option&nbsp;only&nbsp;and&nbsp;should&nbsp;you&nbsp;wish&nbsp;to&nbsp;return&nbsp;to&nbsp;normal&nbsp;operation,&nbsp;it&nbsp;is&nbsp;not&nbsp;necessary&nbsp;to&nbsp;quit&nbsp;and&nbsp;restart&nbsp;top&nbsp;&nbsp;--&nbsp;&nbsp;just&nbsp;issue&nbsp;any&nbsp;of&nbsp;these&nbsp;interactive&nbsp;commands:&nbsp;`=',&nbsp;`u'&nbsp;or&nbsp;`U'.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The&nbsp;`p',&nbsp;`u'&nbsp;and&nbsp;`U'&nbsp;command-line&nbsp;options&nbsp;are&nbsp;mutually&nbsp;exclusive.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-s&nbsp;&nbsp;:Secure-mode&nbsp;operation&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Starts&nbsp;top&nbsp;with&nbsp;secure&nbsp;mode&nbsp;forced,&nbsp;even&nbsp;for&nbsp;root.&nbsp;&nbsp;This&nbsp;mode&nbsp;is&nbsp;far&nbsp;better&nbsp;controlled&nbsp;through&nbsp;the&nbsp;system&nbsp;configuration&nbsp;file&nbsp;(see&nbsp;topic&nbsp;6.&nbsp;FILES).&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-S&nbsp;&nbsp;:Cumulative-time&nbsp;toggle&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Starts&nbsp;&nbsp;top&nbsp;&nbsp;with&nbsp;&nbsp;the&nbsp;&nbsp;last&nbsp;&nbsp;remembered&nbsp;`S'&nbsp;state&nbsp;reversed.&nbsp;&nbsp;When&nbsp;Cumulative&nbsp;time&nbsp;mode&nbsp;is&nbsp;On,&nbsp;each&nbsp;process&nbsp;is&nbsp;listed&nbsp;with&nbsp;the&nbsp;cpu&nbsp;time&nbsp;that&nbsp;it&nbsp;and&nbsp;its&nbsp;dead&nbsp;children&nbsp;have&nbsp;used.&nbsp;&nbsp;See&nbsp;the&nbsp;`S'&nbsp;interactive&nbsp;command&nbsp;for&nbsp;additional&nbsp;information&nbsp;regarding&nbsp;this&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mode.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-u&nbsp;|&nbsp;-U&nbsp;&nbsp;:User-filter-mode&nbsp;as:&nbsp;&nbsp;-u&nbsp;|&nbsp;-U&nbsp;number&nbsp;or&nbsp;name&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Display&nbsp;only&nbsp;processes&nbsp;with&nbsp;a&nbsp;user&nbsp;id&nbsp;or&nbsp;user&nbsp;name&nbsp;matching&nbsp;that&nbsp;given.&nbsp;&nbsp;The&nbsp;`-u'&nbsp;option&nbsp;matches&nbsp;on&nbsp;&nbsp;effective&nbsp;user&nbsp;whereas&nbsp;the&nbsp;`-U'&nbsp;option&nbsp;matches&nbsp;on&nbsp;any&nbsp;user&nbsp;(real,&nbsp;effective,&nbsp;saved,&nbsp;or&nbsp;filesystem).&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Prepending&nbsp;an&nbsp;exclamation&nbsp;point&nbsp;('!')&nbsp;to&nbsp;the&nbsp;user&nbsp;id&nbsp;or&nbsp;name&nbsp;instructs&nbsp;top&nbsp;to&nbsp;display&nbsp;only&nbsp;processes&nbsp;with&nbsp;users&nbsp;not&nbsp;matching&nbsp;the&nbsp;one&nbsp;provided.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The&nbsp;`p',&nbsp;`u'&nbsp;and&nbsp;`U'&nbsp;command-line&nbsp;options&nbsp;are&nbsp;mutually&nbsp;exclusive.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-w&nbsp;&nbsp;:Output-width-override&nbsp;as:&nbsp;&nbsp;-w&nbsp;[&nbsp;number&nbsp;]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;In&nbsp;Batch&nbsp;mode,&nbsp;when&nbsp;used&nbsp;without&nbsp;an&nbsp;argument&nbsp;top&nbsp;will&nbsp;format&nbsp;output&nbsp;using&nbsp;the&nbsp;COLUMNS=&nbsp;and&nbsp;LINES=&nbsp;environment&nbsp;variables,&nbsp;if&nbsp;set.&nbsp;&nbsp;Otherwise,&nbsp;width&nbsp;will&nbsp;be&nbsp;fixed&nbsp;at&nbsp;the&nbsp;maximum&nbsp;512&nbsp;columns.&nbsp;&nbsp;With&nbsp;an&nbsp;argument,&nbsp;output&nbsp;width&nbsp;can&nbsp;be&nbsp;decreased&nbsp;or&nbsp;&nbsp;increased&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(up&nbsp;to&nbsp;512)&nbsp;but&nbsp;the&nbsp;number&nbsp;of&nbsp;rows&nbsp;is&nbsp;considered&nbsp;unlimited.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;In&nbsp;normal&nbsp;display&nbsp;mode,&nbsp;when&nbsp;used&nbsp;without&nbsp;an&nbsp;argument&nbsp;top&nbsp;will&nbsp;attempt&nbsp;to&nbsp;format&nbsp;output&nbsp;using&nbsp;the&nbsp;COLUMNS=&nbsp;and&nbsp;LINES=&nbsp;environment&nbsp;variables,&nbsp;if&nbsp;set.&nbsp;&nbsp;With&nbsp;an&nbsp;argument,&nbsp;output&nbsp;width&nbsp;can&nbsp;only&nbsp;be&nbsp;decreased,&nbsp;not&nbsp;increased.&nbsp;&nbsp;Whether&nbsp;using&nbsp;environment&nbsp;vari\u2010&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ables&nbsp;or&nbsp;an&nbsp;argument&nbsp;with&nbsp;-w,&nbsp;when&nbsp;not&nbsp;in&nbsp;Batch&nbsp;mode&nbsp;actual&nbsp;terminal&nbsp;dimensions&nbsp;can&nbsp;never&nbsp;be&nbsp;exceeded.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Note:&nbsp;Without&nbsp;the&nbsp;use&nbsp;of&nbsp;this&nbsp;command-line&nbsp;option,&nbsp;output&nbsp;width&nbsp;is&nbsp;always&nbsp;based&nbsp;on&nbsp;the&nbsp;terminal&nbsp;at&nbsp;which&nbsp;top&nbsp;was&nbsp;invoked&nbsp;whether&nbsp;or&nbsp;not&nbsp;in&nbsp;Batch&nbsp;mode.<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<h2> <span>9.\u7528\u6237\u548c\u7fa4\u7ec4<\/span><span><\/span> <\/h2>\n<pre>groupadd&nbsp;group_name&nbsp;\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7528\u6237\u7ec4&nbsp;groupdel&nbsp;group_name&nbsp;\u5220\u9664\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7ec4&nbsp;groupmod&nbsp;-n&nbsp;new_group_name&nbsp;old_group_name&nbsp;\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7ec4&nbsp;useradd&nbsp;-c&nbsp;\"Name&nbsp;Surname&nbsp;\"&nbsp;-g&nbsp;admin&nbsp;-d&nbsp;\/home\/user1&nbsp;-s&nbsp;\/bin\/bash&nbsp;user1&nbsp;\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c5e\u4e8e&nbsp;\"admin\"&nbsp;\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u7684\u7528\u6237&nbsp;useradd&nbsp;user1&nbsp;\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7528\u6237&nbsp;userdel&nbsp;-r&nbsp;user1&nbsp;\u5220\u9664\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237&nbsp;(&nbsp;'-r'&nbsp;\u6392\u9664\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55)&nbsp;usermod&nbsp;-c&nbsp;\"User&nbsp;FTP\"&nbsp;-g&nbsp;system&nbsp;-d&nbsp;\/ftp\/user1&nbsp;-s&nbsp;\/bin\/nologin&nbsp;user1&nbsp;\u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237\u5c5e\u6027&nbsp;passwd&nbsp;\u4fee\u6539\u53e3\u4ee4&nbsp;passwd&nbsp;user1&nbsp;\u4fee\u6539\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u53e3\u4ee4&nbsp;(\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8root\u6267\u884c)&nbsp;chage&nbsp;-E&nbsp;2005-12-31&nbsp;user1&nbsp;\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7528\u6237\u53e3\u4ee4\u7684\u5931\u6548\u671f\u9650&nbsp;pwck&nbsp;\u68c0\u67e5&nbsp;'\/etc\/passwd'&nbsp;\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u548c\u8bed\u6cd5\u4fee\u6b63\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u7528\u6237&nbsp;grpck&nbsp;\u68c0\u67e5&nbsp;'\/etc\/passwd'&nbsp;\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u548c\u8bed\u6cd5\u4fee\u6b63\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u7fa4\u7ec4&nbsp;newgrp&nbsp;group_name&nbsp;\u767b\u9646\u8fdb\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u7fa4\u7ec4\u4ee5\u6539\u53d8\u65b0\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u9884\u8bbe\u7fa4\u7ec4<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">\u6848\u4f8b 1\uff1a<\/p>\n<h3><span>1-\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237\u30012-\u8ffd\u52a0\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4\u30013-\u5220\u9664\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4<\/span><\/h3>\n<pre>useradd&nbsp;san_zhang&nbsp;-mpasswd&nbsp;san_zhang&nbsp;san_zhang@163.com<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<h3><span>\u4ece\u7ba1\u9053\u8f93\u51fa\u4e2d\u4fee\u6539\u5bc6\u7801(\u5982\u679c\u975eroot\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f6c\u4e3aroot\uff0c\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528sudo)<\/span><\/h3>\n<pre>echo&nbsp;san_zhang@163.com&nbsp;|&nbsp;sudo&nbsp;passwd&nbsp;--stdin&nbsp;san_zhang<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<h3><span>2 \u5c06san_zhang\u8ffd\u52a0\u5230\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4hdfs\u4e2d<\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">\u53ef\u4ee5\u6dfb\u52a0\u591a\u4e2a\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4\uff0c\u591a\u4e2a\u7ec4\u4e4b\u95f4\u7528\u7a7a\u683c\u9694\u5f00\uff0c\u5982&#8221;hdfs,yarn,spark&#8221;)\uff0c\u5176\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5728san_zhang\u4e2d<\/p>\n<pre>usermod&nbsp;-aG&nbsp;hdfs&nbsp;san_zhang<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">\u6b64\u65f6\u67e5\u770b\u5176\u6240\u5728\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u5176\u6240\u5c5e\u7ec4\u4e3asan_zhang\uff0c\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4\u4e3ahdfs\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>id&nbsp;san_zhanguid=1001(san_zhang)&nbsp;gid=1001(san_zhang)&nbsp;groups=1001(san_zhang),992(hdfs)<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">\u5f15\u7533\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u4e0a\u4e00\u6b65\u987a\u5e8f\u5199\u9519\uff0c\u8bef\u5c06hdfs\u8ffd\u52a0\u5230san_zhang\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u5982\u4e0b\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>usermod&nbsp;-aG&nbsp;san_zhang&nbsp;hdfs<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">\u5219\u6b64\u65f6\u67e5\u770bhdfs\u6240\u5c5e\u7ec4\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u5176\u4e5f\u5728san_zhang\u7ec4\u4e0b\u4e86\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u641c\u7d22\u516c\u4f17\u53f7Linux\u5c31\u8be5\u8fd9\u6837\u5b66\u540e\u53f0\u56de\u590d\u201cLinux\u201d\uff0c\u83b7\u53d6\u4e00\u4efd\u60ca\u559c\u793c\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n<pre>id&nbsp;hdfsuid=995(hdfs)&nbsp;gid=992(hdfs)&nbsp;groups=992(hdfs),994(hadoop),1001(san_zhang)<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">\u8fd9\u65f6\u518d\u67e5\u770bsan_zhang\u7ec4\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u8bef\u52a0\u5165\u7684hdfs\u7528\u6237\u4e86<\/p>\n<pre>groups&nbsp;san_zhangsan_zhang&nbsp;:&nbsp;san_zhang&nbsp;hdfs<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<h3><span>3 \u4ecesan_zhang\u7ec4\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u8bef\u52a0\u5165\u7684hdfs\u7528\u6237<\/span><\/h3>\n<pre>gpasswd&nbsp;-d&nbsp;hdfs&nbsp;san_zhang<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">\u6267\u884c\u540e\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\uff1aRemoving user hdfs from group san_zhang<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">\u6848\u4f8b 2\uff1a<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">\u7edf\u8ba1\u67d0\u4e2a\u5206\u7ec4\u4e0b\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u7528\u6237<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">[root@cdh01 ~]# grep hdfs \/etc\/group hdfs:x:993:<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">[root@cdh01 ~]# awk -F : &#8216;{print&nbsp;<span style=\"cursor: pointer\"><span> <\/span><\/span>4}&#8217; \/etc\/passwd | grep &#8216;993&#8217; hdfs 993<\/p>\n<h2> <span>10.\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6743\u9650 &#8211; \u4f7f\u7528 &#8220;+&#8221; \u8bbe\u7f6e\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 &#8220;-&#8221; \u7528\u4e8e\u53d6\u6d88<\/span><span><\/span> <\/h2>\n<pre>ls&nbsp;-lh&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u6743\u9650&nbsp;ls&nbsp;\/tmp&nbsp;|&nbsp;pr&nbsp;-T5&nbsp;-W$COLUMNS&nbsp;\u5c06\u7ec8\u7aef\u5212\u5206\u62105\u680f\u663e\u793a&nbsp;chmod&nbsp;ugo+rwx&nbsp;directory1&nbsp;\u8bbe\u7f6e\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4eba(u)\u3001\u7fa4\u7ec4(g)\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba(o)\u4ee5\u8bfb\uff08r&nbsp;\uff09\u3001\u5199(w)\u548c\u6267\u884c(x)\u7684\u6743\u9650&nbsp;chmod&nbsp;go-rwx&nbsp;directory1&nbsp;\u5220\u9664\u7fa4\u7ec4(g)\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba(o)\u5bf9\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650&nbsp;chown&nbsp;user1&nbsp;file1&nbsp;\u6539\u53d8\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u5c5e\u6027&nbsp;chown&nbsp;-R&nbsp;user1&nbsp;directory1&nbsp;\u6539\u53d8\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u5c5e\u6027\u5e76\u540c\u65f6\u6539\u53d8\u6539\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5c5e\u6027&nbsp;chgrp&nbsp;group1&nbsp;file1&nbsp;\u6539\u53d8\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7fa4\u7ec4&nbsp;chown&nbsp;user1:group1&nbsp;file1&nbsp;\u6539\u53d8\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u548c\u7fa4\u7ec4\u5c5e\u6027&nbsp;find&nbsp;\/&nbsp;-perm&nbsp;-u+s&nbsp;\u7f57\u5217\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86SUID\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u6587\u4ef6&nbsp;chmod&nbsp;u+s&nbsp;\/bin\/file1&nbsp;\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u7684&nbsp;SUID&nbsp;\u4f4d&nbsp;-&nbsp;\u8fd0\u884c\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4e5f\u88ab\u8d4b\u4e88\u548c\u6240\u6709\u8005\u540c\u6837\u7684\u6743\u9650&nbsp;chmod&nbsp;u-s&nbsp;\/bin\/file1&nbsp;\u7981\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u7684&nbsp;SUID\u4f4d&nbsp;chmod&nbsp;g+s&nbsp;\/home\/public&nbsp;\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u7684SGID&nbsp;\u4f4d&nbsp;-&nbsp;\u7c7b\u4f3cSUID&nbsp;\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8fd9\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u76ee\u5f55\u7684&nbsp;chmod&nbsp;g-s&nbsp;\/home\/public&nbsp;\u7981\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u7684&nbsp;SGID&nbsp;\u4f4d&nbsp;chmod&nbsp;o+t&nbsp;\/home\/public&nbsp;\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684&nbsp;STIKY&nbsp;\u4f4d&nbsp;-&nbsp;\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u5408\u6cd5\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u5220\u9664\u6587\u4ef6&nbsp;chmod&nbsp;o-t&nbsp;\/home\/public&nbsp;\u7981\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u7684&nbsp;STIKY&nbsp;\u4f4d<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<h2> <span>11.\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u5c5e\u6027 &#8211; \u4f7f\u7528 &#8220;+&#8221; \u8bbe\u7f6e\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 &#8220;-&#8221; \u7528\u4e8e\u53d6\u6d88<\/span><span><\/span> <\/h2>\n<pre>chattr&nbsp;+a&nbsp;file1&nbsp;\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u4ee5\u8ffd\u52a0\u65b9\u5f0f\u8bfb\u5199\u6587\u4ef6&nbsp;chattr&nbsp;+c&nbsp;file1&nbsp;\u5141\u8bb8\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u80fd\u88ab\u5185\u6838\u81ea\u52a8\u538b\u7f29\/\u89e3\u538b&nbsp;chattr&nbsp;+d&nbsp;file1&nbsp;\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5907\u4efd\u65f6\uff0cdump\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c06\u5ffd\u7565\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6&nbsp;chattr&nbsp;+i&nbsp;file1&nbsp;\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6210\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u5220\u9664\u3001\u4fee\u6539\u3001\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u6216\u8005\u94fe\u63a5&nbsp;chattr&nbsp;+s&nbsp;file1&nbsp;\u5141\u8bb8\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u88ab\u5b89\u5168\u5730\u5220\u9664&nbsp;chattr&nbsp;+S&nbsp;file1&nbsp;\u4e00\u65e6\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u6267\u884c\u4e86\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7acb\u523b\u628a\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5199\u5230\u78c1\u76d8&nbsp;chattr&nbsp;+u&nbsp;file1&nbsp;\u82e5\u6587\u4ef6\u88ab\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u5141\u8bb8\u4f60\u5728\u4ee5\u540e\u6062\u590d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u88ab\u5220\u9664\u7684\u6587\u4ef6&nbsp;lsattr&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u5c5e\u6027<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<h2> <span>12.\u6253\u5305\u548c\u538b\u7f29\u6587\u4ef6<\/span><span><\/span> <\/h2>\n<pre>bunzip2&nbsp;file1.bz2&nbsp;\u89e3\u538b\u4e00\u4e2a\u53eb\u505a&nbsp;'file1.bz2'\u7684\u6587\u4ef6&nbsp;bzip2&nbsp;file1&nbsp;\u538b\u7f29\u4e00\u4e2a\u53eb\u505a&nbsp;'file1'&nbsp;\u7684\u6587\u4ef6&nbsp;gunzip&nbsp;file1.gz&nbsp;\u89e3\u538b\u4e00\u4e2a\u53eb\u505a&nbsp;'file1.gz'\u7684\u6587\u4ef6&nbsp;gzip&nbsp;file1&nbsp;\u538b\u7f29\u4e00\u4e2a\u53eb\u505a&nbsp;'file1'\u7684\u6587\u4ef6&nbsp;gzip&nbsp;-9&nbsp;file1&nbsp;\u6700\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u538b\u7f29&nbsp;rar&nbsp;a&nbsp;file1.rar&nbsp;test_file&nbsp;\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u53eb\u505a&nbsp;'file1.rar'&nbsp;\u7684\u5305&nbsp;rar&nbsp;a&nbsp;file1.rar&nbsp;file1&nbsp;file2&nbsp;dir1&nbsp;\u540c\u65f6\u538b\u7f29&nbsp;'file1',&nbsp;'file2'&nbsp;\u4ee5\u53ca\u76ee\u5f55&nbsp;'dir1'&nbsp;unrar&nbsp;x&nbsp;file1.rar&nbsp;\u89e3\u538brar\u5305&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;#\u5982\u679c\u65e0unrar\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u53c2\u8003\uff1aLinux&nbsp;CentOS&nbsp;7.0&nbsp;\u4e0b&nbsp;rar&nbsp;unrar\u7684\u5b89\u88c5tar&nbsp;-cvf&nbsp;archive.tar&nbsp;file1&nbsp;\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u538b\u7f29\u7684&nbsp;tarball&nbsp;tar&nbsp;-cvf&nbsp;archive.tar&nbsp;file1&nbsp;file2&nbsp;dir1&nbsp;\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u4e86&nbsp;'file1',&nbsp;'file2'&nbsp;\u4ee5\u53ca&nbsp;'dir1'\u7684\u6863\u6848\u6587\u4ef6&nbsp;tar&nbsp;-tf&nbsp;archive.tar&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9&nbsp;tar&nbsp;-xvf&nbsp;archive.tar&nbsp;\u91ca\u653e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305&nbsp;tar&nbsp;-xvf&nbsp;archive.tar&nbsp;-C&nbsp;\/tmp&nbsp;\u5c06\u538b\u7f29\u5305\u91ca\u653e\u5230&nbsp;\/tmp\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b&nbsp;tar&nbsp;-cvfj&nbsp;archive.tar.bz2&nbsp;dir1&nbsp;\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2abzip2\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u538b\u7f29\u5305&nbsp;tar&nbsp;-jxvf&nbsp;archive.tar.bz2&nbsp;\u89e3\u538b\u4e00\u4e2abzip2\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u538b\u7f29\u5305&nbsp;tar&nbsp;-cvfz&nbsp;archive.tar.gz&nbsp;dir1&nbsp;\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2agzip\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u538b\u7f29\u5305&nbsp;tar&nbsp;-zxvf&nbsp;archive.tar.gz&nbsp;\u89e3\u538b\u4e00\u4e2agzip\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u538b\u7f29\u5305&nbsp;zip&nbsp;file1.zip&nbsp;file1&nbsp;\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2azip\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u538b\u7f29\u5305&nbsp;zip&nbsp;-r&nbsp;file1.zip&nbsp;file1&nbsp;file2&nbsp;dir1&nbsp;\u5c06\u51e0\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u540c\u65f6\u538b\u7f29\u6210\u4e00\u4e2azip\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u538b\u7f29\u5305&nbsp;unzip&nbsp;file1.zip&nbsp;\u89e3\u538b\u4e00\u4e2azip\u683c\u5f0f\u538b\u7f29\u5305<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<h2> <span>13.OS\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668<\/span><span><\/span> <\/h2>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">\u2460\u3001RPM \u5305 &#8211; \uff08Fedora, Redhat\u53ca\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff09<\/p>\n<pre>rpm&nbsp;-ivh&nbsp;package.rpm&nbsp;\u5b89\u88c5\u4e00\u4e2arpm\u5305&nbsp;rpm&nbsp;-ivh&nbsp;--nodeps&nbsp;package.rpm&nbsp;\u5b89\u88c5\u4e00\u4e2arpm\u5305\u800c\u5ffd\u7565\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u8b66\u544a&nbsp;rpm&nbsp;-U&nbsp;package.rpm&nbsp;\u66f4\u65b0\u4e00\u4e2arpm\u5305\u4f46\u4e0d\u6539\u53d8\u5176\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6&nbsp;rpm&nbsp;-F&nbsp;package.rpm&nbsp;\u66f4\u65b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u786e\u5b9a\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u7684rpm\u5305&nbsp;rpm&nbsp;-e&nbsp;[--nodeps]&nbsp;package_name.rpm&nbsp;\u5220\u9664\u4e00\u4e2arpm\u5305[--nodeps\u8868\u793a\u5ffd\u7565\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb]&nbsp;rpm&nbsp;-e&nbsp;--nodeps&nbsp;`rpm&nbsp;-qa&nbsp;|&nbsp;grep&nbsp;clickhouse`&nbsp;\u6279\u91cf\u5220\u9664\u6240\u6709&nbsp;ClickHouse&nbsp;\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684&nbsp;rpm&nbsp;\u5305,\u5e76\u5ffd\u7565\u5f7c\u6b64\u95f4\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfbrpm&nbsp;-qa&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u7684rpm\u5305&nbsp;rpm&nbsp;-qa&nbsp;|&nbsp;grep&nbsp;httpd&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u540d\u79f0\u4e2d\u5305\u542b&nbsp;\"httpd\"&nbsp;\u5b57\u6837\u7684rpm\u5305&nbsp;rpm&nbsp;-qi&nbsp;package_name&nbsp;\u83b7\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u5305\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u4fe1\u606f&nbsp;rpm&nbsp;-qg&nbsp;\"System&nbsp;Environment\/Daemons\"&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684rpm\u5305&nbsp;rpm&nbsp;-ql&nbsp;package_name&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u7684rpm\u5305\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5217\u8868&nbsp;rpm&nbsp;-qc&nbsp;package_name&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u7684rpm\u5305\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u5217\u8868&nbsp;rpm&nbsp;-q&nbsp;package_name&nbsp;--whatrequires&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u4e0e\u4e00\u4e2arpm\u5305\u5b58\u5728\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u5217\u8868&nbsp;rpm&nbsp;-q&nbsp;package_name&nbsp;--whatprovides&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u4e00\u4e2arpm\u5305\u6240\u5360\u7684\u4f53\u79ef&nbsp;rpm&nbsp;-q&nbsp;package_name&nbsp;--scripts&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u5728\u5b89\u88c5\/\u5220\u9664\u671f\u95f4\u6240\u6267\u884c\u7684\u811a\u672cl&nbsp;rpm&nbsp;-q&nbsp;package_name&nbsp;--changelog&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u4e00\u4e2arpm\u5305\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u5386\u53f2&nbsp;rpm&nbsp;-qf&nbsp;\/etc\/httpd\/conf\/httpd.conf&nbsp;\u786e\u8ba4\u6240\u7ed9\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7531\u54ea\u4e2arpm\u5305\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b&nbsp;rpm&nbsp;-qp&nbsp;package.rpm&nbsp;-l&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u7531\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c1a\u672a\u5b89\u88c5\u7684rpm\u5305\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5217\u8868&nbsp;rpm&nbsp;--import&nbsp;\/media\/cdrom\/RPM-GPG-KEY&nbsp;\u5bfc\u5165\u516c\u94a5\u6570\u5b57\u8bc1\u4e66&nbsp;rpm&nbsp;--checksig&nbsp;package.rpm&nbsp;\u786e\u8ba4\u4e00\u4e2arpm\u5305\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027&nbsp;rpm&nbsp;-qa&nbsp;gpg-pubkey&nbsp;\u786e\u8ba4\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u6240\u6709rpm\u5305\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027&nbsp;rpm&nbsp;-V&nbsp;package_name&nbsp;\u68c0\u67e5\u6587\u4ef6\u5c3a\u5bf8\u3001&nbsp;\u8bb8\u53ef\u3001\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u6240\u6709\u8005\u3001\u7fa4\u7ec4\u3001MD5\u68c0\u67e5\u4ee5\u53ca\u6700\u540e\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4&nbsp;rpm&nbsp;-Va&nbsp;\u68c0\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684rpm\u5305-&nbsp;\u5c0f\u5fc3\u4f7f\u7528&nbsp;rpm&nbsp;-Vp&nbsp;package.rpm&nbsp;\u786e\u8ba4\u4e00\u4e2arpm\u5305\u8fd8\u672a\u5b89\u88c5&nbsp;rpm2cpio&nbsp;package.rpm&nbsp;|&nbsp;cpio&nbsp;--extract&nbsp;--make-directories&nbsp;*bin*&nbsp;\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2arpm\u5305\u8fd0\u884c\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6&nbsp;rpm&nbsp;-ivh&nbsp;\/usr\/src\/redhat\/RPMS\/`arch`\/package.rpm&nbsp;\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2arpm\u6e90\u7801\u5b89\u88c5\u4e00\u4e2a\u6784\u5efa\u597d\u7684\u5305&nbsp;rpmbuild&nbsp;--rebuild&nbsp;package_name.src.rpm&nbsp;\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2arpm\u6e90\u7801\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a&nbsp;rpm&nbsp;\u5305<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">\u2461\u3001YUM \u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u5347\u7ea7\u5668 &#8211; \uff08Fedora, RedHat\u53ca\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff09<\/p>\n<pre>yum&nbsp;install&nbsp;package_name&nbsp;\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5\u4e00\u4e2arpm\u5305&nbsp;(\u5982:&nbsp;yum&nbsp;-y&nbsp;install&nbsp;zip&nbsp;unzip)yum&nbsp;localinstall&nbsp;package_name.rpm&nbsp;\u5c06\u5b89\u88c5\u4e00\u4e2arpm\u5305\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4f60\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4ed3\u5e93\u4e3a\u4f60\u89e3\u51b3\u6240\u6709\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb&nbsp;yum&nbsp;update&nbsp;package_name.rpm&nbsp;\u66f4\u65b0\u5f53\u524d\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u5b89\u88c5\u7684rpm\u5305&nbsp;yum&nbsp;update&nbsp;package_name&nbsp;\u66f4\u65b0\u4e00\u4e2arpm\u5305&nbsp;yum&nbsp;remove&nbsp;package_name&nbsp;\u5220\u9664\u4e00\u4e2arpm\u5305&nbsp;yum&nbsp;list&nbsp;|&nbsp;grep&nbsp;tmux&nbsp;&nbsp;\u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u5b89\u88dd\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6e05\u5355\u547d\u4ee4yum&nbsp;search&nbsp;package_name&nbsp;\u5728rpm\u4ed3\u5e93\u4e2d\u641c\u5bfb\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305&nbsp;yum&nbsp;clean&nbsp;packages&nbsp;\u6e05\u7406rpm\u7f13\u5b58\u5220\u9664\u4e0b\u8f7d\u7684\u5305&nbsp;yum&nbsp;clean&nbsp;headers&nbsp;\u5220\u9664\u6240\u6709\u5934\u6587\u4ef6&nbsp;yum&nbsp;clean&nbsp;all&nbsp;\u5220\u9664\u6240\u6709\u7f13\u5b58\u7684\u5305\u548c\u5934\u6587\u4ef6<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">\u2462\u3001DEB \u5305 (Debian, Ubuntu \u4ee5\u53ca\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7cfb\u7edf)<\/p>\n<pre>dpkg&nbsp;-i&nbsp;package.deb&nbsp;\u5b89\u88c5\/\u66f4\u65b0\u4e00\u4e2a&nbsp;deb&nbsp;\u5305&nbsp;dpkg&nbsp;-r&nbsp;package_name&nbsp;\u4ece\u7cfb\u7edf\u5220\u9664\u4e00\u4e2a&nbsp;deb&nbsp;\u5305&nbsp;dpkg&nbsp;-l&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u7684&nbsp;deb&nbsp;\u5305&nbsp;dpkg&nbsp;-l&nbsp;|&nbsp;grep&nbsp;httpd&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u540d\u79f0\u4e2d\u5305\u542b&nbsp;\"httpd\"&nbsp;\u5b57\u6837\u7684deb\u5305&nbsp;dpkg&nbsp;-s&nbsp;package_name&nbsp;\u83b7\u5f97\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u5305\u7684\u4fe1\u606f&nbsp;dpkg&nbsp;-L&nbsp;package_name&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u4e00\u4e2adeb\u5305\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5217\u8868&nbsp;dpkg&nbsp;--contents&nbsp;package.deb&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u5c1a\u672a\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5217\u8868&nbsp;dpkg&nbsp;-S&nbsp;\/bin\/ping&nbsp;\u786e\u8ba4\u6240\u7ed9\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7531\u54ea\u4e2adeb\u5305\u63d0\u4f9b<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">\u2463\u3001APT \u8f6f\u4ef6\u5de5\u5177 (Debian, Ubuntu \u4ee5\u53ca\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7cfb\u7edf)<\/p>\n<pre>apt-get&nbsp;install&nbsp;package_name&nbsp;\u5b89\u88c5\/\u66f4\u65b0\u4e00\u4e2a&nbsp;deb&nbsp;\u5305&nbsp;apt-cdrom&nbsp;install&nbsp;package_name&nbsp;\u4ece\u5149\u76d8\u5b89\u88c5\/\u66f4\u65b0\u4e00\u4e2a&nbsp;deb&nbsp;\u5305&nbsp;apt-get&nbsp;update&nbsp;\u5347\u7ea7\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305&nbsp;apt-get&nbsp;upgrade&nbsp;\u5347\u7ea7\u6240\u6709\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6&nbsp;apt-get&nbsp;remove&nbsp;package_name&nbsp;\u4ece\u7cfb\u7edf\u5220\u9664\u4e00\u4e2adeb\u5305&nbsp;apt-get&nbsp;check&nbsp;\u786e\u8ba4\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4ed3\u5e93\u6b63\u786e&nbsp;apt-get&nbsp;clean&nbsp;\u4ece\u4e0b\u8f7d\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u4e2d\u6e05\u7406\u7f13\u5b58&nbsp;apt-cache&nbsp;search&nbsp;searched-package&nbsp;\u8fd4\u56de\u5305\u542b\u6240\u8981\u641c\u7d22\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u540d\u79f0<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<h2> <span>14.\u6587\u672c\u67e5\u770b\u3001\u5904\u7406<\/span><span><\/span> <\/h2>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">\u2460\u3001\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n<pre>cat&nbsp;file1&nbsp;\u4ece\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u5f00\u59cb\u6b63\u5411\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9&nbsp;tac&nbsp;file1&nbsp;\u4ece\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u884c\u5f00\u59cb\u53cd\u5411\u67e5\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9&nbsp;more&nbsp;file1&nbsp;\u67e5\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9&nbsp;less&nbsp;file1&nbsp;\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e&nbsp;'more'&nbsp;\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u548c\u6b63\u5411\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u53cd\u5411\u64cd\u4f5c&nbsp;head&nbsp;-2&nbsp;file1&nbsp;\u67e5\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u524d\u4e24\u884c&nbsp;tail&nbsp;-2&nbsp;file1&nbsp;\u67e5\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e24\u884c&nbsp;tail&nbsp;-f&nbsp;\/var\/log\/messages&nbsp;\u5b9e\u65f6\u67e5\u770b\u88ab\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">\u2461\u3001\u6587\u672c\u5904\u7406<\/p>\n<pre>cat&nbsp;file1&nbsp;file2&nbsp;...&nbsp;|&nbsp;command&nbsp;&nbsp;file1_in.txt_or_file1_out.txt&nbsp;general&nbsp;syntax&nbsp;for&nbsp;text&nbsp;manipulation&nbsp;using&nbsp;PIPE,&nbsp;STDIN&nbsp;and&nbsp;STDOUT&nbsp;cat&nbsp;file1&nbsp;|&nbsp;command(&nbsp;sed,&nbsp;grep,&nbsp;awk,&nbsp;grep,&nbsp;etc...)&nbsp;&amp;gt;&nbsp;result.txt&nbsp;\u5408\u5e76\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bf4\u660e\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u7b80\u4ecb\u5199\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d&nbsp;cat&nbsp;file1&nbsp;|&nbsp;command(&nbsp;sed,&nbsp;grep,&nbsp;awk,&nbsp;grep,&nbsp;etc...)&nbsp;&amp;gt;&amp;gt;&nbsp;result.txt&nbsp;\u5408\u5e76\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bf4\u660e\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u7b80\u4ecb\u5199\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d&nbsp;grep&nbsp;Aug&nbsp;\/var\/log\/messages&nbsp;\u5728\u6587\u4ef6&nbsp;'\/var\/log\/messages'\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\"Aug\"&nbsp;grep&nbsp;^Aug&nbsp;\/var\/log\/messages&nbsp;\u5728\u6587\u4ef6&nbsp;'\/var\/log\/messages'\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u4ee5\"Aug\"\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u8bcd\u6c47&nbsp;grep&nbsp;[0-9]&nbsp;\/var\/log\/messages&nbsp;\u9009\u62e9&nbsp;'\/var\/log\/messages'&nbsp;\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u5305\u542b\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u884c&nbsp;grep&nbsp;Aug&nbsp;-R&nbsp;\/var\/log\/*&nbsp;\u5728\u76ee\u5f55&nbsp;'\/var\/log'&nbsp;\u53ca\u968f\u540e\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\"Aug\"&nbsp;grep&nbsp;-E&nbsp;'string_1|string_2'&nbsp;\/var\/log\/test.log&nbsp;\u5728\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e2d\u540c\u65f6\u67e5\u8be2\u5305\u542b&nbsp;string_1\u6216\u5305\u542bstring_2\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55#&nbsp;\u5339\u914dredis\u4e2d,&nbsp;field&nbsp;\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4ee51\u52304\u4f4d\u6570\u5b57\u5f00\u5934,\u4ee5\"_\u5df2\u4e0b\u5355\"\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u5b57\u7b26,&nbsp;\u5e76\u5c06\u5176&nbsp;value&nbsp;\u503c\u5e26\u51fa\u6765(-A1)redis-cli&nbsp;-h&nbsp;111.111.111.111&nbsp;-p&nbsp;7001&nbsp;-c&nbsp;-a&nbsp;${PASSWORD}&nbsp;--raw&nbsp;hgetall&nbsp;2022-03-24_ORDER_STAT&nbsp;|&nbsp;grep&nbsp;-E&nbsp;\"^[[:digit:]]{1,4}_\u5df2\u4e0b\u5355\"&nbsp;-A1grep&nbsp;-Hnr&nbsp;docker&nbsp;*&nbsp;\u5728\u672c\u5c42\u6216\u5b50\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u91cc\u9012\u5f52\u67e5\u627e\u5305\u542b\u6307\u5b9a\u5b57\u7b26\u201cdocker\u201d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u540d+\u884c\u53f7\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7cbe\u786e\u5339\u914d\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u52a0o\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u53c2\u6570\u542b\u4e49\uff1a\uff08H\uff1a\u6bcf\u6b21\u5339\u914d\u65f6\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u6765\uff1bn\uff1a\u6253\u5370\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6240\u5728\u7684\u884c\u53f7\uff1br\uff1a\u9012\u5f52\u67e5\u627e\uff1bo\uff1a\u7cbe\u786e\u5339\u914d\u5230\u5355\u8bcd\uff0c\u591a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u90fd\u4e0d\u884c\uff09<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<h3><span>\u201cgrep\u663e\u793a\u5339\u914d\u884c\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u884c\u5185\u5bb9\u201d\u4e13\u9898\uff1a<\/span><\/h3>\n<pre>grep&nbsp;-A2&nbsp;2&nbsp;test.txt&nbsp;&nbsp;\u8fd4\u56de\u5339\u914d\u884c\u548c\u5339\u914d\u884c\u7684\u540e\u4e24\u884c&nbsp;grep&nbsp;-B2&nbsp;2&nbsp;test.txt&nbsp;&nbsp;\u8fd4\u56de\u5339\u914d\u884c\u548c\u5339\u914d\u884c\u7684\u524d\u4e24\u884c&nbsp;grep&nbsp;-C2&nbsp;2&nbsp;text.txt&nbsp;\u6216\u8005&nbsp;grep&nbsp;-A2&nbsp;-B2&nbsp;2&nbsp;test.txt&nbsp;\u8fd4\u56de\u5339\u914d\u884c\u548c\u5339\u914d\u884c\u7684\u524d\u540e\u4e24\u884c<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> -A -B -C \u540e\u9762\u8ddf\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u6570\u5b57 <\/li>\n<li> -A \u8fd4\u56de\u5339\u914d\u540e\u548c\u5b83\u540e\u9762\u7684n\u884c,(After\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e)\u3002 <\/li>\n<li> -B \u8fd4\u56de\u5339\u914d\u884c\u548c\u5b83\u524d\u9762\u7684n\u884c,(Before\uff0c\u4e4b\u524d)\u3002 <\/li>\n<li> -C \u8fd4\u56de\u5339\u914d\u884c\u548c\u5b83\u524d\u540e\u5404n\u884c\uff0c\u901a-A\u548c-B\u8054\u7528,(Context\uff0c\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5373\u524d\u540e)\u3002 <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>\u725b\u903c\u554a\uff01\u63a5\u79c1\u6d3b\u5fc5\u5907\u7684&nbsp;N&nbsp;\u4e2a\u5f00\u6e90\u9879\u76ee\uff01\u8d76\u5feb\u6536\u85cf<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<pre>sed&nbsp;-i&nbsp;'s\/string1\/string2\/g'&nbsp;example.txt&nbsp;\u5c06example.txt\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684&nbsp;\"string1\"&nbsp;\u66ff\u6362\u6210&nbsp;\"string2\"(\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u52a0-i\u53c2\u6570,\u5219\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u66ff\u6362;&nbsp;\u6dfb\u52a0-i\u53c2\u6570,\u5219\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u76f4\u63a5\u66ff\u6362)sed&nbsp;'\/^$\/d'&nbsp;example.txt&nbsp;\u4eceexample.txt\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u6240\u6709\u7a7a\u767d\u884c&nbsp;sed&nbsp;'\/&nbsp;*#\/d;&nbsp;\/^$\/d'&nbsp;example.txt&nbsp;\u4eceexample.txt\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u6240\u6709\u6ce8\u91ca\u548c\u7a7a\u767d\u884c&nbsp;echo&nbsp;'hElloWorld'&nbsp;|&nbsp;tr&nbsp;'[:lower:]'&nbsp;'[:upper:]'&nbsp;\u627e\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5c0f\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\u5e76\u5168\u90e8\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u5927\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd&nbsp;sed&nbsp;-e&nbsp;'1d'&nbsp;result.txt&nbsp;\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6example.txt&nbsp;\u4e2d\u6392\u9664\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c&nbsp;sed&nbsp;-n&nbsp;'\/string1\/p'&nbsp;\u67e5\u770b\u53ea\u5305\u542b\u8bcd\u6c47&nbsp;\"string1\"\u7684\u884c&nbsp;sed&nbsp;-e&nbsp;'s\/&nbsp;*$\/\/'&nbsp;example.txt&nbsp;\u5220\u9664\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u6700\u540e\u7684\u7a7a\u767d\u5b57\u7b26&nbsp;sed&nbsp;-e&nbsp;'s\/string1\/\/g'&nbsp;example.txt&nbsp;\u4ece\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u53ea\u5220\u9664\u8bcd\u6c47&nbsp;\"string1\"&nbsp;\u5e76\u4fdd\u7559\u5269\u4f59\u5168\u90e8&nbsp;sed&nbsp;-n&nbsp;'1,5p;5q'&nbsp;example.txt&nbsp;\u67e5\u770b\u4ece\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u5230\u7b2c5\u884c\u5185\u5bb9&nbsp;sed&nbsp;-n&nbsp;'5p;5q'&nbsp;example.txt&nbsp;\u67e5\u770b\u7b2c5\u884c&nbsp;sed&nbsp;-e&nbsp;'s\/00*\/0\/g'&nbsp;example.txt&nbsp;\u7528\u5355\u4e2a\u96f6\u66ff\u6362\u591a\u4e2a\u96f6sed&nbsp;-i&nbsp;'3i&nbsp;helloword'&nbsp;test.txt&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u5728test.txt\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u884c\u63d2\u5165\u2018helloword\u2019\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<h3><span>\u201csed\u6309\u6307\u5b9a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5220\u9664\u201d\u4e13\u9898\uff1a<\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">\u7528sed\u5220\u9664\u5339\u914d\u5230\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1ased-i&#8217;\/\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u7b26\/d&#8217;\u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">\u4e3e\u4f8b1\uff1a\u5339\u914d&#8221;etcinstall.sh&#8221;<\/p>\n<pre>sed&nbsp;-i&nbsp;'\/\/etc\/install.sh\/d'&nbsp;1.txt<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> -i \u8868\u793a\u64cd\u4f5c\u5728\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0a\u751f\u6548.\u5426\u5219\u64cd\u4f5c\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u6570\u636e,\u5e76\u4e0d\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d. \u5728\u5206\u53f7\u5185\u7684\/d\u8868\u793a\u5220\u9664\u5339\u914d\u7684\u884c\u3002 <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">\u4e3e\u4f8b2\uff1a\u5220\u9664\u4ee5a\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u884c<\/p>\n<pre>sed&nbsp;-i&nbsp;'\/^a.*\/d'&nbsp;tmp.txt<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> ^a\u8868\u793a\u5f00\u5934\u662fa, .*\u8868\u793a\u540e\u8ddf\u4efb\u610f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">Example-1: &nbsp;\u4f7f\u7528sed\u8fdb\u884c\u6587\u672c\u6279\u91cf\u66ff\u6362<\/p>\n<pre>#!\/bin\/bash&nbsp;ddl_file_path=\/c\/Users\/user\/Downloads\/sqoop_data\/hive_2_mysql&nbsp;&nbsp;ls&nbsp;$ddl_file_path&nbsp;|&nbsp;while&nbsp;read&nbsp;f;doecho&nbsp;\"---------&amp;gt;\"$ddl_file_path\/$f&nbsp;##&nbsp;Template#sed&nbsp;-i&nbsp;'s\/\/\/g'&nbsp;$ddl_file_path\/$f#sed&nbsp;-i&nbsp;\"s\/\/\/g\"&nbsp;$ddl_file_path\/$f&nbsp;sed&nbsp;-i&nbsp;'s\/111.111.111.111:3306\/222.222.222.222:3307\/g'&nbsp;$ddl_file_path\/$fsed&nbsp;-i&nbsp;\"s\/'password_1'\/'password_2'\/g\"&nbsp;$ddl_file_path\/$f&nbsp;done&nbsp;#&nbsp;echo&nbsp;-e&nbsp;\"=========&amp;gt;\n\t&nbsp;Files&nbsp;contains&nbsp;keyword&nbsp;\"\/WARN:\"&nbsp;in&nbsp;path&nbsp;$ddl_file_path&nbsp;are&nbsp;deleted!!!\"<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<pre>#!\/bin\/bash&nbsp;set&nbsp;-x&nbsp;##&nbsp;Template#sed&nbsp;-i&nbsp;'s\/\/\/g'&nbsp;$ddl_file_path\/$f#sed&nbsp;-i&nbsp;\"s\/\/\/g\"&nbsp;$ddl_file_path\/$f&nbsp;##&nbsp;Func&nbsp;1&nbsp;-&nbsp;\u5b9e\u73b0\u5728\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7b2c\u56db\u884c\u3001\u7b2c\u4e94\u884c\u63d2\u5165\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u672c&nbsp;ddl_file_path=\/e\/\u8fc5\u96f7\u4e0b\u8f7d\/user_data_after&nbsp;ls&nbsp;$ddl_file_path&nbsp;|&nbsp;while&nbsp;read&nbsp;f;do&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;#&nbsp;\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u624d\u5141\u8bb8\u63d2\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;if&nbsp;[&nbsp;!&nbsp;-d&nbsp;$f&nbsp;];then&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;echo&nbsp;\"---------&amp;gt;\"$ddl_file_path\/$f&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sed&nbsp;-i&nbsp;'4i&nbsp;retries=10'&nbsp;$ddl_file_path\/$f&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sed&nbsp;-i&nbsp;'5i&nbsp;retry.backoff=3'&nbsp;$ddl_file_path\/$f&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fidone&nbsp;&nbsp;##&nbsp;Func&nbsp;2&nbsp;-&nbsp;\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u521b\u5efa\uff1b\u53cd\u4e4b\u63d0\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u5df2\u5b58\u5728&nbsp;if&nbsp;[&nbsp;!&nbsp;-d&nbsp;\"beijing\"&nbsp;];then&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mkdir&nbsp;beijingelse&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;echo&nbsp;\"File&nbsp;already&nbsp;exists\"fi<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u5224\u522b\u5927\u5168\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>shell\u811a\u672c\u5224\u65ad\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b&nbsp;shell\u5224\u65ad\u6587\u4ef6,\u76ee\u5f55\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u6216\u8005\u5177\u6709\u6743\u9650&nbsp;#!\/bin\/sh&nbsp;&nbsp;myPath=\"\/var\/log\/httpd\/\"&nbsp;myFile=\"\/var\/log\/httpd\/access.log\"&nbsp;&nbsp;#&nbsp;\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684-x&nbsp;\u53c2\u6570\u5224\u65ad$myPath\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u5e76\u4e14\u662f\u5426\u5177\u6709\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650&nbsp;if&nbsp;[&nbsp;!&nbsp;-x&nbsp;\"$myPath\"];&nbsp;then&nbsp;mkdir&nbsp;\"$myPath\"&nbsp;&nbsp;fi&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;#&nbsp;\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684-d&nbsp;\u53c2\u6570\u5224\u65ad$myPath\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728&nbsp;&nbsp;if&nbsp;[&nbsp;!&nbsp;-d&nbsp;\"$myPath\"];&nbsp;then&nbsp;&nbsp;mkdir&nbsp;\"$myPath\"&nbsp;&nbsp;fi&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;#&nbsp;\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684-f\u53c2\u6570\u5224\u65ad$myFile\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728&nbsp;&nbsp;if&nbsp;[&nbsp;!&nbsp;-f&nbsp;\"$myFile\"&nbsp;];&nbsp;then&nbsp;&nbsp;touch&nbsp;\"$myFile\"&nbsp;&nbsp;fi&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;#&nbsp;\u5176\u4ed6\u53c2\u6570\u8fd8\u6709-n,-n\u662f\u5224\u65ad\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u5426\u662f\u5426\u6709\u503c&nbsp;&nbsp;if&nbsp;[&nbsp;!&nbsp;-n&nbsp;\"$myVar\"&nbsp;];&nbsp;then&nbsp;&nbsp;echo&nbsp;\"$myVar&nbsp;is&nbsp;empty\"&nbsp;&nbsp;exit&nbsp;0&nbsp;&nbsp;fi&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;#&nbsp;\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u76f8\u7b49&nbsp;&nbsp;if&nbsp;[&nbsp;\"$var1\"&nbsp;=&nbsp;\"$var2\"&nbsp;];&nbsp;then&nbsp;&nbsp;echo&nbsp;'$var1&nbsp;eq&nbsp;$var2'&nbsp;&nbsp;else&nbsp;&nbsp;echo&nbsp;'$var1&nbsp;not&nbsp;eq&nbsp;$var2'&nbsp;&nbsp;fi<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5224\u522b\u903b\u8f91\u5927\u5168\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>-a&nbsp;file&nbsp;exists.&nbsp;-b&nbsp;file&nbsp;exists&nbsp;and&nbsp;is&nbsp;a&nbsp;block&nbsp;special&nbsp;file.&nbsp;-c&nbsp;file&nbsp;exists&nbsp;and&nbsp;is&nbsp;a&nbsp;character&nbsp;special&nbsp;file.&nbsp;-d&nbsp;file&nbsp;exists&nbsp;and&nbsp;is&nbsp;a&nbsp;directory.&nbsp;-e&nbsp;file&nbsp;exists&nbsp;(just&nbsp;the&nbsp;same&nbsp;as&nbsp;-a).&nbsp;-f&nbsp;file&nbsp;exists&nbsp;and&nbsp;is&nbsp;a&nbsp;regular&nbsp;file.&nbsp;-g&nbsp;file&nbsp;exists&nbsp;and&nbsp;has&nbsp;its&nbsp;setgid(2)&nbsp;bit&nbsp;set.&nbsp;-G&nbsp;file&nbsp;exists&nbsp;and&nbsp;has&nbsp;the&nbsp;same&nbsp;group&nbsp;ID&nbsp;as&nbsp;this&nbsp;process.&nbsp;-k&nbsp;file&nbsp;exists&nbsp;and&nbsp;has&nbsp;its&nbsp;sticky&nbsp;bit&nbsp;set.&nbsp;-L&nbsp;file&nbsp;exists&nbsp;and&nbsp;is&nbsp;a&nbsp;symbolic&nbsp;link.&nbsp;-n&nbsp;string&nbsp;length&nbsp;is&nbsp;not&nbsp;zero.&nbsp;-o&nbsp;Named&nbsp;option&nbsp;is&nbsp;set&nbsp;on.&nbsp;-O&nbsp;file&nbsp;exists&nbsp;and&nbsp;is&nbsp;owned&nbsp;by&nbsp;the&nbsp;user&nbsp;ID&nbsp;of&nbsp;this&nbsp;process.&nbsp;-p&nbsp;file&nbsp;exists&nbsp;and&nbsp;is&nbsp;a&nbsp;first&nbsp;in,&nbsp;first&nbsp;out&nbsp;(FIFO)&nbsp;special&nbsp;file&nbsp;or&nbsp;named&nbsp;pipe.&nbsp;-r&nbsp;file&nbsp;exists&nbsp;and&nbsp;is&nbsp;readable&nbsp;by&nbsp;the&nbsp;current&nbsp;process.&nbsp;-s&nbsp;file&nbsp;exists&nbsp;and&nbsp;has&nbsp;a&nbsp;size&nbsp;greater&nbsp;than&nbsp;zero.&nbsp;-S&nbsp;file&nbsp;exists&nbsp;and&nbsp;is&nbsp;a&nbsp;socket.&nbsp;-t&nbsp;file&nbsp;descriptor&nbsp;number&nbsp;fildes&nbsp;is&nbsp;open&nbsp;and&nbsp;associated&nbsp;with&nbsp;a&nbsp;terminal&nbsp;device.&nbsp;-u&nbsp;file&nbsp;exists&nbsp;and&nbsp;has&nbsp;its&nbsp;setuid(2)&nbsp;bit&nbsp;set.&nbsp;-w&nbsp;file&nbsp;exists&nbsp;and&nbsp;is&nbsp;writable&nbsp;by&nbsp;the&nbsp;current&nbsp;process.&nbsp;-x&nbsp;file&nbsp;exists&nbsp;and&nbsp;is&nbsp;executable&nbsp;by&nbsp;the&nbsp;current&nbsp;process.&nbsp;-z&nbsp;string&nbsp;length&nbsp;is&nbsp;zero.&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6ce8\u610f-s&nbsp;\u548c&nbsp;-f&nbsp;\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u533a\u522b<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<pre>cat&nbsp;-n&nbsp;file1&nbsp;\u6807\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u884c\u6570&nbsp;cat&nbsp;example.txt&nbsp;|&nbsp;awk&nbsp;'NR%2==1'&nbsp;\u5220\u9664example.txt\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5076\u6570\u884c&nbsp;echo&nbsp;a&nbsp;b&nbsp;c&nbsp;|&nbsp;awk&nbsp;'{print&nbsp;$1}'&nbsp;\u67e5\u770b\u4e00\u884c\u7b2c\u4e00\u680f&nbsp;echo&nbsp;a&nbsp;b&nbsp;c&nbsp;|&nbsp;awk&nbsp;'{print&nbsp;$1,$3}'&nbsp;\u67e5\u770b\u4e00\u884c\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u548c\u7b2c\u4e09\u680f&nbsp;paste&nbsp;file1&nbsp;file2&nbsp;\u5408\u5e76\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u4e24\u680f\u7684\u5185\u5bb9&nbsp;paste&nbsp;-d&nbsp;'+'&nbsp;file1&nbsp;file2&nbsp;\u5408\u5e76\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u4e24\u680f\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4e2d\u95f4\u7528\"+\"\u533a\u5206&nbsp;sort&nbsp;file1&nbsp;file2&nbsp;\u6392\u5e8f\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9&nbsp;sort&nbsp;file1&nbsp;file2&nbsp;|&nbsp;uniq&nbsp;\u53d6\u51fa\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5e76\u96c6(\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u884c\u53ea\u4fdd\u7559\u4e00\u4efd)&nbsp;sort&nbsp;file1&nbsp;file2&nbsp;|&nbsp;uniq&nbsp;-u&nbsp;\u5220\u9664\u4ea4\u96c6\uff0c\u7559\u4e0b\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u884c&nbsp;sort&nbsp;file1&nbsp;file2&nbsp;|&nbsp;uniq&nbsp;-d&nbsp;\u53d6\u51fa\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4ea4\u96c6(\u53ea\u7559\u4e0b\u540c\u65f6\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6)&nbsp;comm&nbsp;-1&nbsp;file1&nbsp;file2&nbsp;\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u53ea\u5220\u9664&nbsp;'file1'&nbsp;\u6240\u5305\u542b\u7684\u5185\u5bb9&nbsp;comm&nbsp;-2&nbsp;file1&nbsp;file2&nbsp;\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u53ea\u5220\u9664&nbsp;'file2'&nbsp;\u6240\u5305\u542b\u7684\u5185\u5bb9&nbsp;comm&nbsp;-3&nbsp;file1&nbsp;file2&nbsp;\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u53ea\u5220\u9664\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5171\u6709\u7684\u90e8\u5206<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<h3><span>\u7efc\u5408\u6848\u4f8b:<\/span><\/h3>\n<h4><span>\u2460\uff1a\u672c\u673atcp\u5404\u79cd\u72b6\u6001\u6570\u7edf\u8ba1<\/span><\/h4>\n<pre>netstat&nbsp;-n&nbsp;|&nbsp;awk&nbsp;'\/^tcp\/&nbsp;{++S[$NF]}&nbsp;END&nbsp;{for(a&nbsp;in&nbsp;S)&nbsp;print&nbsp;a,&nbsp;S[a]}'CLOSE_WAIT&nbsp;2ESTABLISHED&nbsp;276SYN_SENT&nbsp;2TIME_WAIT&nbsp;63270<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">awk &#8216;BEGIN { sum = 0; for (i = 0; i 50) exit(10); else print &#8220;Sum =&#8221;, sum } }&#8217;<\/p>\n<h4><span>\u2461\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528cut\u63d0\u53d6\u6587\u672c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff1a<\/span><\/h4>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">\u6309\u201c:\u201d\u5206\u5272\uff0c\u63d0\u53d6\/etc\/passwd\u4e2d\u7b2c1,3,4,5\u5217\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6309\u539f\u5206\u9694\u7b26&#8221;:&#8221;\u8fdb\u884c\u62fc\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n<pre>[hdfs@cdh01&nbsp;test]$&nbsp;head&nbsp;-n&nbsp;5&nbsp;\/etc\/passwd&nbsp;|&nbsp;cut&nbsp;-d&nbsp;:&nbsp;-f&nbsp;1,3-5root:0:0:rootbin:1:1:bindaemon:2:2:daemonadm:3:4:admxixi:4:7:xixi<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<h4><span>\u2462\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528uniq\u8fdb\u884c\u6ee4\u91cd<\/span><\/h4>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">cut\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u7528\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">A).\u53bb\u9664\u91cd\u590d\u884c<\/p>\n<pre>sort&nbsp;target_file&nbsp;|&nbsp;uniq<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">B).\u67e5\u627e\u975e\u91cd\u590d\u884c<\/p>\n<pre>sort&nbsp;target_file&nbsp;|&nbsp;uniq&nbsp;-u<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">C).\u67e5\u627e\u91cd\u590d\u884c<\/p>\n<pre>sort&nbsp;target_file&nbsp;|&nbsp;uniq&nbsp;-d<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">D).\u7edf\u8ba1\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u6b21\u6570<\/p>\n<pre>sort&nbsp;target_file&nbsp;|&nbsp;uniq&nbsp;-c<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<h4><span>\u2463\uff1a\u6392\u5e8f<\/span><\/h4>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">sort \u4e0b\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u5de5\u5177<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">\u53c2\u6570\u8bf4\u660e:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> -r\u3000\u3000\u964d\u5e8f\u6392\u5217 <\/li>\n<li> -u\u3000\u3000\u53bb\u91cd <\/li>\n<li> -n\u3000\u3000\u4ee5\u6570\u5b57\u5927\u5c0f\u6392\u5e8f(\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f\u9996\u5b57\u6bcd\u6392\u5e8f) <\/li>\n<li> -t\u3000\u3000\u6307\u5b9a\u5206\u9694\u7b26 \u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u6307\u5b9a&#8217;|&#8217;\u4e3a\u5206\u9694\u7b26 <\/li>\n<li> -k\u3000\u3000\u6307\u5b9a\u5206\u9694\u540e\u7684\u7b2c\u51e0\u4f4d\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f \u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u6307\u5b9a\u7b2c2\u4f4d <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">\u4efb\u52a1:report.txt\u6587\u4ef6\u91cc\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u6309\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u964d\u5e8f\u6392\u5217.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">\u547d\u4ee4\uff1asort -run -k 2 -t &#8216;|&#8217; report.txt<\/p>\n<pre>&nbsp;1&nbsp;void&nbsp;com.dustpan.zeus.core.service.MergeService.startService(int)|2&nbsp;2&nbsp;void&nbsp;com.dustpan.zeus.core.service.InitShopDateService.startService(int)|1&nbsp;3&nbsp;boolean&nbsp;com.dustpan.zeus.core.service.MergeService.executeGePrintSyncTask()|475&nbsp;4&nbsp;boolean&nbsp;com.dustpan.zeus.core.service.InitShopDateService.executeInitShopTask()|96&nbsp;5&nbsp;boolean&nbsp;com.dustpan.zeus.core.service.MergeService.executeGePrintSyncTask()|1013&nbsp;6&nbsp;boolean&nbsp;com.dustpan.zeus.core.service.InitShopDateService.executeInitShopTask()|184&nbsp;7&nbsp;boolean&nbsp;com.dustpan.zeus.core.service.MergeService.executeGePrintSyncTask()|729&nbsp;8&nbsp;boolean&nbsp;com.dustpan.zeus.core.service.InitShopDateService.executeInitShopTask()|14&nbsp;9&nbsp;boolean&nbsp;com.dustpan.zeus.core.service.MergeService.executeGePrintSyncTask()|39410&nbsp;boolean&nbsp;com.dustpan.zeus.core.service.InitShopDateService.executeInitShopTask()|9011&nbsp;boolean&nbsp;com.dustpan.zeus.core.service.MergeService.executeGePrintSyncTask()|56912&nbsp;boolean&nbsp;com.dustpan.zeus.core.service.InitShopDateService.executeInitShopTask()|79613&nbsp;boolean&nbsp;com.dustpan.zeus.core.service.MergeService.executeGePrintSyncTask()|164814&nbsp;boolean&nbsp;com.dustpan.zeus.core.service.InitShopDateService.executeInitShopTask()|8215&nbsp;boolean&nbsp;com.dustpan.zeus.core.service.MergeService.executeGePrintSyncTask()|101816&nbsp;boolean&nbsp;com.dustpan.zeus.core.service.InitShopDateService.executeInitShopTask()|1417&nbsp;boolean&nbsp;com.dustpan.zeus.core.service.MergeService.executeGePrintSyncTask()|93718&nbsp;boolean&nbsp;com.dustpan.zeus.core.service.InitShopDateService.executeInitShopTask()|1719&nbsp;boolean&nbsp;com.dustpan.zeus.core.service.MergeService.executeGePrintSyncTask()|60120&nbsp;boolean&nbsp;com.dustpan.zeus.core.service.InitShopDateService.executeInitShopTask()|5221&nbsp;boolean&nbsp;com.dustpan.zeus.core.service.MergeService.executeGePrintSyncTask()|508122&nbsp;boolean&nbsp;com.dustpan.zeus.core.service.InitShopDateService.executeInitShopTask()|38823&nbsp;boolean&nbsp;com.dustpan.zeus.core.service.MergeService.executeGePrintSyncTask()|19824&nbsp;boolean&nbsp;com.dustpan.zeus.core.service.InitShopDateService.executeInitShopTask()|1125&nbsp;boolean&nbsp;com.dustpan.zeus.core.service.MergeService.executeGePrintSyncTask()|20326&nbsp;boolean&nbsp;com.dustpan.zeus.core.service.InitShopDateService.executeInitShopTask()|1127&nbsp;boolean&nbsp;com.dustpan.zeus.core.service.MergeService.executeGePrintSyncTask()|24128&nbsp;boolean&nbsp;com.dustpan.zeus.core.service.InitShopDateService.executeInitShopTask()|1329&nbsp;boolean&nbsp;com.dustpan.zeus.core.service.MergeService.executeGePrintSyncTask()|17630&nbsp;boolean&nbsp;com.dustpan.zeus.core.service.InitShopDateService.executeInitShopTask()|1231&nbsp;boolean&nbsp;com.dustpan.zeus.core.service.MergeService.executeGePrintSyncTask()|20632&nbsp;boolean&nbsp;com.dustpan.zeus.core.service.InitShopDateService.executeInitShopTask()|3333&nbsp;boolean&nbsp;com.dustpan.zeus.core.service.MergeService.executeGePrintSyncTask()|24234&nbsp;boolean&nbsp;com.dustpan.zeus.core.service.InitShopDateService.executeInitShopTask()|19<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">\u6848\u4f8b\u4e00\u3001\u627e\u51fa\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e2d\u5305\u542bmy_test_calendar\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6(\u542b\u5168\u8def\u5f84+\u6587\u4ef6\u540d)\uff0c\u5e76\u6ee4\u91cd\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">\u67e5\u8be2hive_sh\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u641c\u7d22\u5173\u952e\u5b57&#8217;my_test_calendar&#8217;\u7684\u6587\u672c\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u53ca\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u6240\u5728\u7684\u884c\uff0c\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6(\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84+\u6587\u4ef6\u540d) \u5b57\u6bb5\u63d0\u53d6\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u5e76\u505a\u6ee4\u91cd\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<pre>[hdfs@nn1&nbsp;hive_sh]$&nbsp;find&nbsp;.&nbsp;-type&nbsp;f&nbsp;|&nbsp;xargs&nbsp;grep&nbsp;-rn&nbsp;'my_test_calendar'&nbsp;|&nbsp;cut&nbsp;-d&nbsp;:&nbsp;-f&nbsp;1&nbsp;|&nbsp;uniq<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">\u6848\u4f8b\u4e8c\u3001\u67e5\u627e\u6240\u6709\u51fa\u73b0\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u672c\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u6ee4\u91cd\uff08\u8fdb\u9636\u7248\uff09<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">\u811a\u672c\u8bf4\u660e:<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">\u904d\u5386 hive_tables.txt \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8868\uff08\u5982 hive_table_1\uff09,\u67e5\u627e\u5176\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55\/data\/program\/hive_sh\/\u4e0b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u4f7f\u7528\u5230\u3002\u5982\u679c\u67e5\u5230\u91cd\u590d\u51fa\u73b0\u8be5\u6587\u672c\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u505a\u6ee4\u91cd\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light,\">cat query_table_usage_in_hive.sh<\/p>\n<pre>#!\/bin\/bash&nbsp;while&nbsp;read&nbsp;tbldo&nbsp;echo&nbsp;------------------Handle&nbsp;table:&nbsp;$tbl--------------find&nbsp;\/data\/program\/hive_sh\/&nbsp;-type&nbsp;f&nbsp;|&nbsp;xargs&nbsp;grep&nbsp;-rn&nbsp;$tbl&nbsp;|&nbsp;cut&nbsp;-d&nbsp;:&nbsp;-f&nbsp;1&nbsp;|&nbsp;uniq&nbsp;&amp;gt;&nbsp;.\/output\/${tbl}_result.txt&nbsp;done&nbsp;&lt;p data-tool=\"mdnice\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;padding-top: 8px;padding-bottom: 8px;outline: 0px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;white-space: normal;text-size-adjust: auto;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light, \" pingfang sc cambria cochin georgia times new roman serif left&gt;\u6848\u4f8b\u4e09\u3001\u67e5\u627e\u5185\u5b58\u8017\u7528top3\u7684app&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;pre class=\"brush:php;toolbar:false;\"&gt;ps&nbsp;auxw&nbsp;|&nbsp;head&nbsp;-1;ps&nbsp;auxw|sort&nbsp;-rn&nbsp;-k4|head&nbsp;-5<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u6700\u5168Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u5927\u5168\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u6536\u85cf\uff01\uff01\uff01\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8FDCServers\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u524d\u8a00 Linux\u548cwindows\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u7ba1\u63a7\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002windows\u4ee5\u76f4\u89c2\u7684\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u9002\u5408\u5728\u684c\u9762\u7aefPC\u4e0a\u64cd\u4f5c\u6267\u884c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002 \u800cLinux\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u7f16\u7a0b\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u8fd0\u7ef4\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u66f4\u52a0\u7b80\u5355\u3001\u77ed\u5c0f\u3001\u7cbe\u608d\u3002\u77ed\u77ed\u4e00\u884c\u7ec4\u5408\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u5b8c\u6210\u5728windows\u9700\u8981\u5404\u79cd\u52a0\u5de5\u3001\u6574\u5408\u7684\u590d\u6742\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002 1.\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406 w \u663e\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u5728\u7ebf\u7528\u6237\u60c5\u51b5 my_adm&nbsp;pts\/0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;111.111.111.111&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u4e0915&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;24:58&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2:51&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0.02s&nbsp;sshd:&nbsp;my_admin&nbsp;[priv]root&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;pts\/3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;111.111.111.112&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;13:15&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;3:47m&nbsp;&nbsp;0.35s&nbsp;&nbsp;0.35s&nbsp;-bashmy_adm&nbsp;pts\/5&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;111.111.111.113&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;15:14&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2.00s&nbsp;&nbsp;0.54s&nbsp;&nbsp;0.02s&nbsp;sshd:&nbsp;my_admin&nbsp;[priv] \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 pkill -kill -t pts\/??&nbsp;&nbsp;\u6740\u6389\u6307\u5b9a\u540d\u5b57\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u5982\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684pts\/5 \u4f20\u9001\u95e8\uff1a 2.\u7cfb\u7edf\u4fe1\u606f arch&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u673a\u5668\u7684\u5904\u7406\u5668\u67b6\u6784(1)&nbsp;uname&nbsp;-m&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u673a\u5668\u7684\u5904\u7406\u5668\u67b6\u6784(2)&nbsp;uname&nbsp;-r&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u6b63\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5185\u6838\u7248\u672c&nbsp;dmidecode&nbsp;-q&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u786c\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u90e8\u4ef6&nbsp;&#8211;&nbsp;(SMBIOS&nbsp;\/&nbsp;DMI)&nbsp;hdparm&nbsp;-i&nbsp;\/dev\/hda&nbsp;\u7f57\u5217\u4e00\u4e2a\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u7279\u6027&nbsp;hdparm&nbsp;-tT&nbsp;\/dev\/sda&nbsp;\u5728\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0a\u6267\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6027\u8bfb\u53d6\u64cd\u4f5c&nbsp;cat&nbsp;\/proc\/cpuinfo&nbsp;\u663e\u793aCPU&nbsp;info\u7684\u4fe1\u606f&nbsp;cat&nbsp;\/proc\/interrupts&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u4e2d\u65ad&nbsp;cat&nbsp;\/proc\/meminfo&nbsp;\u6821\u9a8c\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528&nbsp;cat&nbsp;\/proc\/swaps&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u54ea\u4e9bswap\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528&nbsp;cat&nbsp;\/proc\/version&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u5185\u6838\u7684\u7248\u672c&nbsp;cat&nbsp;\/proc\/net\/dev&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u7f51\u7edc\u9002\u914d\u5668\u53ca\u7edf\u8ba1&nbsp;cat&nbsp;\/proc\/mounts&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u5df2\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf&nbsp;lspci&nbsp;-tv&nbsp;\u7f57\u5217&nbsp;PCI&nbsp;\u8bbe\u5907&nbsp;lsusb&nbsp;-tv&nbsp;\u663e\u793a&nbsp;USB&nbsp;\u8bbe\u5907&nbsp;date&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u671f&nbsp;ctime=`date&nbsp;+%Y-%m-%dT%k:%M:%S`&nbsp;#\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u59822018-01-13T11:09:19\uff0c&nbsp;\u6ce8\u610f%k&nbsp;\u4e0e&nbsp;%H\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u524d\u8005\u8fd4\u56de9\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u8fd4\u56de09.YESTERDAY=`date&nbsp;+%Y-%m-%d&nbsp;-d&nbsp;&#8220;-1&nbsp;days&#8221;`&nbsp;\u83b7\u53d6\u6628\u65e5\u65e5\u671fcal&nbsp;2007&nbsp;\u663e\u793a2007\u5e74\u7684\u65e5\u5386\u8868&nbsp;date&nbsp;041217002007.00&nbsp;\u8bbe\u7f6e\u65e5\u671f\u548c\u65f6\u95f4&nbsp;&#8211;&nbsp;\u6708\u65e5\u65f6\u5206\u5e74.\u79d2&nbsp;clock&nbsp;-w&nbsp;\u5c06\u65f6\u95f4\u4fee\u6539\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230&nbsp;BIOS \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u67e5\u8be2\u7f51\u5173\u5730\u5740(\u5982\u5c06centos\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7f51\u7edc\u83b7\u53d6\u7c7b\u578b\u7531dhcp\u5207\u6362\u4e3astatic\u65f6,\u9700\u8981\u83b7\u53d6\u5230ip\u53ca\u7f51\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\u8fdb\u884c\u56fa\u5316\u914d\u7f6e\u65f6\u4f1a\u7528\u5230,\u5982\u672c\u5730ip\u4e3a10.34.0.123,\u5219\u901a\u8fc7\u5982\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u8be2\u5230\u7f51\u5173\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a3.254): [root@file-server&nbsp;~]#&nbsp;netstat&nbsp;-rnKernel&nbsp;IP&nbsp;routing&nbsp;tableDestination&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Gateway&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Genmask&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Flags&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;MSS&nbsp;Window&nbsp;&nbsp;irtt&nbsp;Iface0.0.0.0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;10.34.3.254&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0.0.0.0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;UG&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0&nbsp;0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0&nbsp;enp3g010.34.0.0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0.0.0.0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;255.255.252.0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;U&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0&nbsp;0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0&nbsp;enp3g0192.168.1.0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0.0.0.0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;255.255.255.0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;U&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0&nbsp;0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;0&nbsp;virbr0 \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 CentOS \/ RedHat \u7cfb\u5217,\u67e5\u770b\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4fe1\u606f(\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709lsb_release\u547d\u4ee4, \u4f7f\u7528&#8221;yum install redhat-lsb&#8221;\u5b89\u88c5): [root@server-test&nbsp;online]#&nbsp;lsb_release&nbsp;-aLSB&nbsp;Version:&nbsp;:core-4.1-amd64:core-4.1-noarchDistributor&nbsp;ID:&nbsp;CentOSDescription:&nbsp;CentOS&nbsp;Linux&nbsp;release&nbsp;7.5.1804&nbsp;(Core)&nbsp;Release:&nbsp;7.5.1804Codename:&nbsp;Core \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 3.\u5173\u673a (\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5173\u673a\u3001\u91cd\u542f\u4ee5\u53ca\u767b\u51fa ) shutdown&nbsp;-h&nbsp;now&nbsp;\u5173\u95ed\u7cfb\u7edf(1)&nbsp;init&nbsp;0&nbsp;\u5173\u95ed\u7cfb\u7edf(2)&nbsp;telinit&nbsp;0&nbsp;\u5173\u95ed\u7cfb\u7edf(3)&nbsp;shutdown&nbsp;-h&nbsp;hours:minutes&nbsp;&amp;amp;&nbsp;\u6309\u9884\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u5173\u95ed\u7cfb\u7edf&nbsp;shutdown&nbsp;-c&nbsp;\u53d6\u6d88\u6309\u9884\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u5173\u95ed\u7cfb\u7edf&nbsp;shutdown&nbsp;-r&nbsp;now&nbsp;\u91cd\u542f(1)&nbsp;reboot&nbsp;\u91cd\u542f(2)&nbsp;logout&nbsp;\u6ce8\u9500 \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 4.\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55 cd&nbsp;\/home&nbsp;\u8fdb\u5165&nbsp;&#8216;\/&nbsp;home&#8217;&nbsp;\u76ee\u5f55&#8217;&nbsp;cd&nbsp;..&nbsp;\u8fd4\u56de\u4e0a\u4e00\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55&nbsp;cd&nbsp;..\/..&nbsp;\u8fd4\u56de\u4e0a\u4e24\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55&nbsp;cd&nbsp;\u8fdb\u5165\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55&nbsp;cd&nbsp;~user1&nbsp;\u8fdb\u5165\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55&nbsp;cd&nbsp;&#8211;&nbsp;\u8fd4\u56de\u4e0a\u6b21\u6240\u5728\u7684\u76ee\u5f55&nbsp;pwd&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8def\u5f84&nbsp;ls&nbsp;\u67e5\u770b\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6&nbsp;ls&nbsp;-F&nbsp;\u67e5\u770b\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6&nbsp;ls&nbsp;-l&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u8d44\u6599&nbsp;ls&nbsp;-a&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u9690\u85cf\u6587\u4ef6&nbsp;ls&nbsp;*[0-9]*&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u5305\u542b\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u540d&nbsp;tree&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u7531\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u6811\u5f62\u7ed3\u6784(1)&nbsp;lstree&nbsp;\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u7531\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u6811\u5f62\u7ed3\u6784(2)&nbsp;mkdir&nbsp;dir1&nbsp;\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u53eb\u505a&nbsp;&#8216;dir1&#8242;&nbsp;\u7684\u76ee\u5f55&#8217;&nbsp;mkdir&nbsp;dir1&nbsp;dir2&nbsp;\u540c\u65f6\u521b\u5efa\u4e24\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55&nbsp;mkdir&nbsp;-p&nbsp;\/tmp\/dir1\/dir2&nbsp;\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u6811&nbsp;rm&nbsp;-f&nbsp;file1&nbsp;\u5220\u9664\u4e00\u4e2a\u53eb\u505a&nbsp;&#8216;file1&#8242;&nbsp;\u7684\u6587\u4ef6&#8217;&nbsp;rmdir&nbsp;dir1&nbsp;\u5220\u9664\u4e00\u4e2a\u53eb\u505a&nbsp;&#8216;dir1&#8242;&nbsp;\u7684\u76ee\u5f55&#8217;&nbsp;rm&nbsp;-rf&nbsp;dir1&nbsp;\u5220\u9664\u4e00\u4e2a\u53eb\u505a&nbsp;&#8216;dir1&#8217;&nbsp;\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u5e76\u540c\u65f6\u5220\u9664\u5176\u5185\u5bb9&nbsp;rm&nbsp;-rf&nbsp;dir1&nbsp;dir2&nbsp;\u540c\u65f6\u5220\u9664\u4e24\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u53ca\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5185\u5bb9&nbsp;mv&nbsp;dir1&nbsp;new_dir&nbsp;\u91cd\u547d\u540d\/\u79fb\u52a8&nbsp;\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55&nbsp;cp&nbsp;file1&nbsp;file2&nbsp;\u590d\u5236\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6&nbsp;cp&nbsp;dir\/*&nbsp;.&nbsp;\u590d\u5236\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55&nbsp;cp&nbsp;-a&nbsp;\/tmp\/dir1&nbsp;.&nbsp;\u590d\u5236\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55&nbsp;cp&nbsp;-a&nbsp;dir1&nbsp;dir2&nbsp;\u590d\u5236\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55&nbsp;ln&nbsp;-s&nbsp;file1&nbsp;lnk1&nbsp;\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u5411\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u8f6f\u94fe\u63a5&nbsp;ln&nbsp;file1&nbsp;lnk1&nbsp;\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u5411\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u7269\u7406\u94fe\u63a5&nbsp;touch&nbsp;-t&nbsp;0712250000&nbsp;file1&nbsp;\u4fee\u6539\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6233&nbsp;&#8211;&nbsp;(YYMMDDhhmm)&nbsp;file&nbsp;file1&nbsp;outputs&nbsp;the&nbsp;mime&nbsp;type&nbsp;of&nbsp;the&nbsp;file&nbsp;as&nbsp;text&nbsp;iconv&nbsp;-l&nbsp;\u5217\u51fa\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u7f16\u7801&nbsp;iconv&nbsp;-f&nbsp;fromEncoding&nbsp;-t&nbsp;toEncoding&nbsp;inputFile&nbsp;&amp;gt;&nbsp;outputFile&nbsp;creates&nbsp;a&nbsp;new&nbsp;from&nbsp;the&nbsp;given&nbsp;input&nbsp;file&nbsp;by&nbsp;assuming&nbsp;it&nbsp;is&nbsp;encoded&nbsp;in&nbsp;fromEncoding&nbsp;and&nbsp;converting&nbsp;it&nbsp;to&nbsp;toEncoding.&nbsp;find&nbsp;.&nbsp;-maxdepth&nbsp;1&nbsp;-name&nbsp;*.jpg&nbsp;-print&nbsp;-exec&nbsp;convert&nbsp;&#8220;{}&#8221;&nbsp;-resize&nbsp;80&#215;60&nbsp;&#8220;thumbs\/{}&#8221;&nbsp;;&nbsp;batch&nbsp;resize&nbsp;files&nbsp;in&nbsp;the&nbsp;current&nbsp;directory&nbsp;and&nbsp;send&nbsp;them&nbsp;to&nbsp;a&nbsp;thumbnails&nbsp;directory&nbsp;(requires&nbsp;convert&nbsp;from&nbsp;Imagemagick) \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 5.\u6587\u4ef6\u641c\u7d22 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[&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-62066","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-os"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62066","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=62066"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62066\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=62066"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=62066"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=62066"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}