{"id":62127,"date":"2025-04-29T08:13:35","date_gmt":"2025-04-29T00:13:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/62127\/"},"modified":"2025-04-29T08:13:35","modified_gmt":"2025-04-29T00:13:35","slug":"linux%e6%80%a7%e8%83%bd%e4%bc%98%e5%8c%96%e7%9f%a5%e8%af%86%e7%82%b9%e6%80%bb%e7%bb%93%e5%a4%a7%e5%85%a8-%c2%b7-%e5%ae%9e%e8%b7%b5%e6%94%b6%e8%97%8f%e7%89%88-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/62127\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\u603b\u7ed3\u5927\u5168 \u00b7 \u5b9e\u8df5+\u6536\u85cf\u7248"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

\"Linux\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\u603b\u7ed3\u5927\u5168<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Part1<\/span>Linux\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316<\/span><\/span> <\/h1>\n

1<\/span><\/span>\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316<\/span><\/span> <\/h2>\n

<\/span>\u6027\u80fd\u6307\u6807<\/span> <\/h3>\n

\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u5feb\u5bf9\u5e94\u7740\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u6307\u6807\uff1a\u541e\u5410<\/strong>\u548c\u5ef6\u65f6<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Linux\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\u603b\u7ed3\u5927\u5168 \u56fe\u7247\u6765\u81ea: www.ctq6.cn <\/p>\n

    \n
  • \u5e94\u7528\u8d1f\u8f7d<\/strong>\u89d2\u5ea6\uff1a\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u4ea7\u54c1\u7ec8\u7aef\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c <\/li>\n
  • \u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90<\/strong>\u89d2\u5ea6\uff1a\u8d44\u6e90\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u3001\u9971\u548c\u5ea6\u7b49 <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u672c\u8d28<\/strong>\u5c31\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u5df2\u7ecf\u5230\u8fbe\u74f6\u9888\uff0c\u4f46\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5904\u7406\u8fd8\u4e0d\u591f\u5feb\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u652f\u6491\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u6027\u80fd\u5206\u6790\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u627e\u51fa\u5e94\u7528\u6216\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u74f6\u9888\uff0c\u8bbe\u6cd5\u53bb\u907f\u514d\u6216\u7f13\u89e3\u5b83\u4eec\u3002<\/p>\n

      \n
    • \u9009\u62e9\u6307\u6807\u8bc4\u4f30\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd <\/li>\n
    • \u4e3a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6027\u80fd\u76ee\u6807 <\/li>\n
    • \u8fdb\u884c\u6027\u80fd\u57fa\u51c6\u6d4b\u8bd5 <\/li>\n
    • \u6027\u80fd\u5206\u6790\u5b9a\u4f4d\u74f6\u9888 <\/li>\n
    • \u6027\u80fd\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u544a\u8b66 <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\u8981\u9009\u53d6\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u5e38\u7528\u7684Linux Performance Tools\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u5e94\u5206\u6790\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n

      \"Linux\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\u603b\u7ed3\u5927\u5168 \u56fe\u7247\u6765\u81ea: www.ctq6.cn <\/p>\n

      <\/span>\u5230\u5e95\u5e94\u8be5\u600e\u4e48\u7406\u89e3”\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d”<\/span> <\/h3>\n

      \u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\uff1a<\/span>\u5355\u4f4d\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5904\u4e8e\u53ef\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u4e0d\u53ef\u4e2d\u65ad\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5e73\u5747\u6d3b\u8dc3\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570\u3002\u5b83\u548c\u6211\u4eec\u4f20\u7edf\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7406\u89e3\u7684CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u5176\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u4e2d\u65ad\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u6b63\u5904\u4e8e\u5185\u6838\u6001\u5173\u952e\u6d41\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff08\u5982\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7b49\u5f85\u8bbe\u5907\u7684I\/O\u54cd\u5e94\uff09\u3002\u4e0d\u53ef\u4e2d\u65ad\u72b6\u6001\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5bf9\u8fdb\u7a0b\u548c\u786c\u4ef6\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u4fdd\u62a4\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

      <\/span>\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\u591a\u5c11\u65f6\u5408\u7406<\/span> <\/h3>\n

      \u5b9e\u9645\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5c06\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\u76d1\u63a7\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u5386\u53f2\u6570\u636e\u5224\u65ad\u8d1f\u8f7d\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002\u5f53\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5b58\u5728\u660e\u663e\u5347\u9ad8\u8d8b\u52bf\u65f6\uff0c\u53ca\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\u548c\u8c03\u67e5\u3002\u5f53\u7136\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f53\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9608\u503c\uff08\u5982\u5f53\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\u9ad8\u4e8eCPU\u6570\u91cf\u768470%\u65f6\uff09<\/p>\n

      \u73b0\u5b9e\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u7ecf\u5e38\u6df7\u6dc6\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\u548cCPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u4e24\u8005\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u5bf9\u7b49\uff1a<\/p>\n

        \n
      • CPU\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u5927\u91cfCPU\u4f7f\u7528\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5347\u9ad8\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u4e24\u8005\u4e00\u81f4 <\/li>\n
      • I\/O\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u7b49\u5f85I\/O\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5347\u9ad8\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u9ad8 <\/li>\n
      • \u5927\u91cf\u7b49\u5f85CPU\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8c03\u5ea6\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5347\u9ad8\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u4e5f\u4f1a\u6bd4\u8f83\u9ad8 <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        \u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\u9ad8\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u662fCPU\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5bfc\u81f4\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u662fI\/O\u7e41\u5fd9\u5bfc\u81f4\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u5206\u6790\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed3\u5408mpstat\/pidstat\u5de5\u5177\u8f85\u52a9\u5206\u6790\u8d1f\u8f7d\u6765\u6e90<\/strong><\/p>\n

        2<\/span><\/span>CPU<\/span><\/span> <\/h2>\n

        <\/span>CPU\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362(\u4e0a)<\/span> <\/h3>\n

        CPU\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362<\/strong>\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u628a\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u7684CPU\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\uff08CPU\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u548cPC\uff09\u4fdd\u5b58\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u52a0\u8f7d\u65b0\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u548c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u518d\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u6240\u6307\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u65b0\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4f1a\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f85\u4efb\u52a1\u91cd\u65b0\u8c03\u5ea6\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u518d\u52a0\u8f7d\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u539f\u6765\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u72b6\u6001\u4e0d\u53d7\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n

        \u6309\u7167\u4efb\u52a1\u7c7b\u578b\uff0cCPU\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u5206\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n

          \n
        • \u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362 <\/li>\n
        • \u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362 <\/li>\n
        • \u4e2d\u65ad\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362 <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          \u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362<\/span><\/h4>\n

          Linux\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6309\u7167\u7b49\u7ea7\u6743\u9650\u5c06\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u7a7a\u95f4\u5206\u4e3a\u5185\u6838\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u4ece\u7528\u6237\u6001\u5411\u5185\u6838\u6001\u8f6c\u53d8\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n

          \u4e00\u6b21\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5176\u5b9e\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4e24\u6b21CPU\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\uff1a<\/p>\n

            \n
          • CPU\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u4e2d\u7528\u6237\u6001\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5148\u4fdd\u5b58\u8d77\u6765\uff0cCPU\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u66f4\u65b0\u4e3a\u5185\u6838\u6001\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u5185\u6838\u6001\u8fd0\u884c\u5185\u6838\u4efb\u52a1\uff1b <\/li>\n
          • \u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\uff0cCPU\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u6062\u590d\u539f\u6765\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u7528\u6237\u6001\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u518d\u5207\u6362\u5230\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fd0\u884c\u3002 <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            \u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6d89\u53ca\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u7b49\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7528\u6237\u6001\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5207\u6362\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u548c\u4f20\u7edf\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u901a\u5e38\u79f0\u4e3a\u7279\u6743\u6a21\u5f0f\u5207\u6362<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n

            \u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u7531\u5185\u6838\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u8c03\u5ea6\u7684\uff0c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u53ea\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u5185\u6838\u6001\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u76f8\u6bd4\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u4fdd\u5b58\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5185\u6838\u72b6\u6001\u548cCPU\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5148\u628a\u8be5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u6808\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e0b\u6765\u3002\u518d\u52a0\u8f7d\u65b0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5185\u6838\u6001\u540e\uff0c\u8fd8\u8981\u5237\u65b0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u548c\u7528\u6237\u6808\u3002<\/p>\n

            \u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u8c03\u5ea6\u5230CPU\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u624d\u9700\u8981\u5207\u6362\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\uff0c\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\u573a\u666f\uff1aCPU\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\u8f6e\u6d41\u5206\u914d\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u4e0d\u8db3\u5bfc\u81f4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6302\u8d77\uff0c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u901a\u8fc7sleep\u51fd\u6570\u4e3b\u52a8\u6302\u8d77\uff0c\u9ad8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8fdb\u7a0b\u62a2\u5360\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\uff0c\u786c\u4ef6\u4e2d\u65ad\u65f6CPU\u4e0a\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u88ab\u6302\u8d77\u8f6c\u800c\u6267\u884c\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u7684\u4e2d\u65ad\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n

            \u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362<\/span><\/h4>\n

            \u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u79cd\uff1a<\/p>\n

              \n
            • \u524d\u540e\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u5207\u6362\u65f6\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u8d44\u6e90\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5207\u6362\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u79c1\u6709\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u7b49\uff1b <\/li>\n
            • \u524d\u540e\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e0e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u76f8\u540c\u3002 <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              \u540c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5207\u6362\u6d88\u8017\u8d44\u6e90\u8f83\u5c11\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u3002<\/p>\n

              \u4e2d\u65ad\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362<\/span><\/h4>\n

              \u4e2d\u65ad\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u5e76\u4e0d\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u7528\u6237\u6001\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e2d\u65ad\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u53ea\u5305\u62ec\u5185\u6838\u6001\u4e2d\u65ad\u670d\u52a1\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\u6240\u5fc5\u987b\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff08CPU\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\uff0c\u5185\u6838\u5806\u6808\uff0c\u786c\u4ef6\u4e2d\u65ad\u53c2\u6570\u7b49\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

              \u4e2d\u65ad\u5904\u7406\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u6bd4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9ad8\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e2d\u65ad\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u548c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u4e0d\u4f1a\u540c\u65f6\u53d1\u751f<\/strong><\/p>\n

              <\/span>CPU\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362(\u4e0b)<\/span> <\/h3>\n

              \u901a\u8fc7vmstat\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u603b\u4f53\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u60c5\u51b5<\/p>\n

              vmstat 5         #\u6bcf\u96945s\u8f93\u51fa\u4e00\u7ec4\u6570\u636e\nprocs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- -system-- ------cpu-----\n r  b   swpd   free   buff  cache   si   so    bi    bo   in   cs us sy id wa st\n 1  0      0 103388 145412 511056    0    0    18    60    1    1  2  1 96  0  0\n 0  0      0 103388 145412 511076    0    0     0     2  450 1176  1  1 99  0  0\n 0  0      0 103388 145412 511076    0    0     0     8  429 1135  1  1 98  0  0\n 0  0      0 103388 145412 511076    0    0     0     0  431 1132  1  1 98  0  0\n 0  0      0 103388 145412 511076    0    0     0    10  467 1195  1  1 98  0  0\n 1  0      0 103388 145412 511076    0    0     0     2  426 1139  1  0 99  0  0\n 4  0      0  95184 145412 511108    0    0     0    74  500 1228  4  1 94  0  0\n 0  0      0 103512 145416 511076    0    0     0   455  723 1573 12  3 83  2  0<\/pre>\n
               \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n
                \n
              •  cs \uff08context switch\uff09 \u6bcf\u79d2\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u6b21\u6570 <\/li>\n
              •  in \uff08interrupt\uff09 \u6bcf\u79d2\u4e2d\u65ad\u6b21\u6570 <\/li>\n
              •  r \uff08runnning or runnable\uff09\u5c31\u7eea\u961f\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u548c\u7b49\u5f85CPU\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570 <\/li>\n
              •  b \uff08Blocked\uff09 \u5904\u4e8e\u4e0d\u53ef\u4e2d\u65ad\u7761\u7720\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570 <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                \u8981\u67e5\u770b\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528pidstat\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u60c5\u51b5<\/p>\n
                pidstat -w 5\n14\u65f651\u520616\u79d2   UID       PID   cswch\/s nvcswch\/s  Command\n14\u65f651\u520621\u79d2     0         1      0.80      0.00  systemd\n14\u65f651\u520621\u79d2     0         6      1.40      0.00  ksoftirqd\/0\n14\u65f651\u520621\u79d2     0         9     32.67      0.00  rcu_sched\n14\u65f651\u520621\u79d2     0        11      0.40      0.00  watchdog\/0\n14\u65f651\u520621\u79d2     0        32      0.20      0.00  khugepaged\n14\u65f651\u520621\u79d2     0       271      0.20      0.00  jbd2\/vda1-8\n14\u65f651\u520621\u79d2     0      1332      0.20      0.00  argusagent\n14\u65f651\u520621\u79d2     0      5265     10.02      0.00  AliSecGuard\n14\u65f651\u520621\u79d2     0      7439      7.82      0.00  kworker\/0:2\n14\u65f651\u520621\u79d2     0      7906      0.20      0.00  pidstat\n14\u65f651\u520621\u79d2     0      8346      0.20      0.00  sshd\n14\u65f651\u520621\u79d2     0     20654      9.82      0.00  AliYunDun\n14\u65f651\u520621\u79d2     0     25766      0.20      0.00  kworker\/u2:1\n14\u65f651\u520621\u79d2     0     28603      1.00      0.00  python3<\/pre>\n
                 \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n
                  \n
                •  cswch \u6bcf\u79d2\u81ea\u613f\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u6b21\u6570 \uff08\u8fdb\u7a0b\u65e0\u6cd5\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u9700\u8d44\u6e90\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\uff09 <\/li>\n
                •  nvcswch \u6bcf\u79d2\u975e\u81ea\u613f\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u6b21\u6570 \uff08\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\u8f6e\u6d41\u7b49\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f3a\u5236\u8c03\u5ea6\uff09 <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                  vmstat 1 1    #\u9996\u5148\u83b7\u53d6\u7a7a\u95f2\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u6b21\u6570\nsysbench --threads=10 --max-time=300 threads run #\u6a21\u62df\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5207\u6362\u95ee\u9898\n\nvmstat 1 1    #\u65b0\u7ec8\u7aef\u89c2\u5bdf\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u60c5\u51b5\n\u6b64\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0cs\u6570\u636e\u660e\u663e\u5347\u9ad8\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u89c2\u5bdf\u5176\u4ed6\u6307\u6807\uff1a\nr\u5217\uff1a \u8fdc\u8d85\u7cfb\u7edfCPU\u4e2a\u6570\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u5b58\u5728\u5927\u91cfCPU\u7ade\u4e89\nus\u548csy\u5217\uff1asy\u5217\u5360\u6bd480%\uff0c\u8bf4\u660eCPU\u4e3b\u8981\u88ab\u5185\u6838\u5360\u7528\nin\u5217\uff1a \u4e2d\u65ad\u6b21\u6570\u660e\u663e\u4e0a\u5347\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u4e2d\u65ad\u5904\u7406\u4e5f\u662f\u6f5c\u5728\u95ee\u9898<\/pre>\n
                   \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n
                  \u8bf4\u660e\u8fd0\u884c\/\u7b49\u5f85CPU\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fc7\u591a\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\uff0c\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u5bfc\u81f4\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684CPU\u5360\u7528\u7387\u9ad8<\/p>\n
                  pidstat -w -u 1  #\u67e5\u770b\u5230\u5e95\u54ea\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u95ee\u9898<\/pre>\n
                   \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n
                  \u4ece\u7ed3\u679c\u4e2d\u770b\u51fa\u662fsysbench\u5bfc\u81f4CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u8fc7\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46\u662fpidstat\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u6b21\u6570\u52a0\u8d77\u6765\u4e5f\u5e76\u4e0d\u591a\u3002\u5206\u6790sysbench\u6a21\u62df\u7684\u662f\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u5207\u6362\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u5728pidstat\u540e\u52a0-t\u53c2\u6570\u67e5\u770b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6307\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n
                  \u53e6\u5916\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e2d\u65ad\u6b21\u6570\u8fc7\u591a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\/proc\/interrupts\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u53d6<\/p>\n
                  watch -d cat \/proc\/interrupts<\/pre>\n
                   \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n
                  \u53d1\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\u53d8\u5316\u901f\u5ea6\u6700\u5feb\u7684\u662f\u91cd\u8c03\u5ea6\u4e2d\u65ad\uff08RES\uff09\uff0c\u8be5\u4e2d\u65ad\u7528\u6765\u5524\u9192\u7a7a\u95f2\u72b6\u6001\u7684CPU\u6765\u8c03\u5ea6\u65b0\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u5206\u6790\u8fd8\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fc7\u591a\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u8c03\u5ea6\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u548c\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u5206\u6790\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n
                   <\/span>\u67d0\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u7684CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u8fbe\u5230100%\uff0c\u600e\u4e48\u529e\uff1f<\/span> <\/h3>\n
                  Linux\u4f5c\u4e3a\u591a\u4efb\u52a1\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5c06CPU\u65f6\u95f4\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u5f88\u77ed\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u8f6e\u6d41\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u5404\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u7ef4\u62a4CPU\u65f6\u95f4\uff0cLinux\u901a\u8fc7\u4e8b\u5148\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u8282\u62cd\u7387\uff0c\u89e6\u53d1\u65f6\u95f4\u4e2d\u65ad\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u4e86jiffies\u8bb0\u5f55\u5f00\u673a\u4ee5\u6765\u7684\u8282\u62cd\u6570\u3002\u65f6\u95f4\u4e2d\u65ad\u53d1\u751f\u4e00\u6b21\u8be5\u503c+1.<\/p>\n
                  CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387<\/strong>\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u7a7a\u95f2\u65f6\u95f4\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u65f6\u95f4\u5360\u603bCPU\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\/proc\/stat\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u51faCPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\/proc\/stat\u65f6\u5f00\u673a\u4ee5\u6765\u7684\u8282\u62cd\u6570\u7d2f\u52a0\u503c\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u662f\u5f00\u673a\u4ee5\u6765\u7684\u5e73\u5747CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u5927\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u95f4\u9694\u53d6\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u4e24\u6b21\u503c\u4f5c\u5dee\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u8be5\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u7684\u5e73\u5747CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u3002\u6027\u80fd\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u95f4\u9694\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u5e73\u5747CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\uff0c\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u95f4\u9694\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n
                  CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7top \u6216 ps\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u3002\u5206\u6790\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684CPU\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7perf\uff0c\u5b83\u4ee5\u6027\u80fd\u4e8b\u4ef6\u91c7\u6837\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u6790\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u4e8b\u4ef6\u548c\u5185\u6838\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u5206\u6790\u6307\u5b9a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n
                  perf top \/ perf record \/ perf report \uff08-g \u5f00\u542f\u8c03\u7528\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u91c7\u6837\uff09<\/p>\n
                  sudo docker run --name nginx -p 10000:80 -itd feisky\/nginx\nsudo docker run --name phpfpm -itd --network container:nginx feisky\/php-fpm\n\nab -c 10 -n 100 http:\/\/XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX:10000\/ #\u6d4b\u8bd5Nginx\u670d\u52a1\u6027\u80fd<\/pre>\n
                   \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n
                  \u53d1\u73b0\u6b64\u65f6\u6bcf\u79d2\u53ef\u627f\u53d7\u8bf7\u6c42\u7ed9\u957f\u5c11\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u5c06\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570\u4ece100\u589e\u52a0\u523010000\u3002\u5728\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec8\u7aef\u8fd0\u884ctop\u67e5\u770b\u6bcf\u4e2aCPU\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u3002\u53d1\u73b0\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u51e0\u4e2aphp-fpm\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5bfc\u81f4CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u9aa4\u5347\u3002<\/p>\n
                  \u63a5\u7740\u7528perf\u6765\u5206\u6790\u5177\u4f53\u662fphp-fpm\u4e2d\u54ea\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u5bfc\u81f4\u8be5\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n
                  perf top -g -p XXXX #\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2aphp-fpm\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790<\/pre>\n
                   \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n
                  \u53d1\u73b0\u5176\u4e2dsqrt\u548cadd_function\u5360\u7528CPU\u8fc7\u591a\uff0c \u6b64\u65f6\u67e5\u770b\u6e90\u7801\u627e\u5230\u539f\u6765\u662fsqrt\u4e2d\u5728\u53d1\u5e03\u524d\u6ca1\u6709\u5220\u9664\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4ee3\u7801\u6bb5\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u767e\u4e07\u6b21\u7684\u5faa\u73af\u5bfc\u81f4\u3002\u5c06\u8be5\u65e0\u7528\u4ee3\u7801\u5220\u9664\u540e\u53d1\u73b0nginx\u8d1f\u8f7d\u80fd\u529b\u660e\u663e\u63d0\u5347<\/p>\n
                   <\/span>\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u5f88\u9ad8\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u9ad8CPU\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff1f<\/span> <\/h3>\n
                  sudo docker run --name nginx -p 10000:80 -itd feisky\/nginx:sp\nsudo docker run --name phpfpm -itd --network container:nginx feisky\/php-fpm:sp\nab -c 100 -n 1000 http:\/\/XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX:10000\/ #\u5e76\u53d1100\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/pre>\n
                   \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n
                  \u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\u4e2d\u6bcf\u79d2\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570\u4f9d\u65e7\u4e0d\u9ad8\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5e76\u53d1\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570\u964d\u4e3a5\u540e\uff0cnginx\u8d1f\u8f7d\u80fd\u529b\u4f9d\u65e7\u5f88\u4f4e\u3002<\/p>\n
                  \u6b64\u65f6\u7528top\u548cpidstat\u53d1\u73b0\u7cfb\u7edfCPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u8fc7\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u73b0CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u9ad8\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n
                  \u51fa\u73b0\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e00\u822c\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u5206\u6790\u65f6\u9057\u6f0f\u7684\u4ec0\u4e48\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u8fd0\u884ctop\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u89c2\u5bdf\u4e00\u4f1a\u3002\u53d1\u73b0\u5c31\u7eea\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u5904\u4e8eRunning\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u591a\uff0c\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u8bf7\u6c42\u6b21\u65705. \u518d\u4ed4\u7ec6\u67e5\u770b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd0\u884c\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0nginx\u548cphp-fpm\u90fd\u5904\u4e8esleep\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u5904\u4e8e\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u5374\u662f\u51e0\u4e2astress\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n
                  \u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u5c31\u5229\u7528pidstat\u5206\u6790\u8fd9\u51e0\u4e2astress\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u7528ps aux\u4ea4\u53c9\u9a8c\u8bc1\u53d1\u73b0\u4f9d\u65e7\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u8be5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u8bf4\u660e\u4e0d\u662f\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u518dtop\u67e5\u770b\u53d1\u73b0stress\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53f7\u53d8\u5316\u4e86\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u65f6\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u79cd\u539f\u56e0\u5bfc\u81f4\uff1a<\/p>\n
                    \n
                  •  \u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0d\u505c\u7684\u5d29\u6e83\u91cd\u542f\uff08\u5982\u6bb5\u9519\u8bef\/\u914d\u7f6e\u9519\u8bef\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa\u540e\u53ef\u80fd\u53c8\u88ab\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u91cd\u542f\uff1b <\/li>\n
                  •  \u77ed\u65f6\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5bfc\u81f4\uff0c\u5373\u5176\u4ed6\u5e94\u7528\u5185\u90e8\u901a\u8fc7exec\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u5916\u9762\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u4e00\u822c\u53ea\u8fd0\u884c\u5f88\u77ed\u65f6\u95f4\u5c31\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u5f88\u96be\u7528top\u8fd9\u79cd\u95f4\u9694\u8f83\u957f\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u53d1\u73b0 <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                    \u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7pstree\u6765\u67e5\u627e stress\u7684\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u627e\u51fa\u8c03\u7528\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n
                    pstree | grep stress<\/pre>\n
                     \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n
                    \u53d1\u73b0\u662fphp-fpm\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u8be5\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u53bb\u67e5\u770b\u6e90\u7801\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u90fd\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528\u4e00\u4e2astress\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u6a21\u62dfI\/O\u538b\u529b\u3002\u4e4b\u524dtop\u663e\u793a\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u662fCPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u5347\u9ad8\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u771f\u7684\u662f\u7531\u8be5stress\u547d\u4ee4\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u7ee7\u7eed\u5206\u6790\u3002\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7ed9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u52a0\u4e86verbose=1\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770bstress\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u5728\u4e2d\u65ad\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u7ed3\u679c\u663e\u793astress\u547d\u4ee4\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u5b58\u5728\u56e0\u6743\u9650\u95ee\u9898\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u521b\u5efa\u5931\u8d25\u7684bug\u3002<\/p>\n
                    \u6b64\u65f6\u4f9d\u65e7\u53ea\u662f\u731c\u6d4b\uff0c\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u7ee7\u7eed\u901a\u8fc7perf\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u5206\u6790\u3002\u6027\u80fd\u62a5\u544a\u663e\u793a\u786e\u5b9e\u65f6stress\u5360\u7528\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u7684CPU\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4fee\u590d\u6743\u9650\u95ee\u9898\u6765\u4f18\u5316\u89e3\u51b3\u5373\u53ef.<\/p>\n
                     <\/span>\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u5927\u91cf\u4e0d\u53ef\u4e2d\u65ad\u8fdb\u7a0b\u548c\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b\u600e\u4e48\u529e\uff1f<\/span> <\/h3>\n
                    \u8fdb\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001<\/span><\/h4>\n
                      \n
                    •  R Running\/Runnable\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728CPU\u7684\u5c31\u7eea\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\uff0c\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u6216\u8005\u7b49\u5f85\u8fd0\u884c\uff1b <\/li>\n
                    •  D Disk Sleep\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u4e2d\u65ad\u72b6\u6001\u7761\u7720\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u8868\u793a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6b63\u5728\u8ddf\u786c\u4ef6\u4ea4\u4e92\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4ea4\u4e92\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u88ab\u5176\u4ed6\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u65ad\uff1b <\/li>\n
                    •  Z Zombie\uff0c\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5df2\u7ecf\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u56de\u6536\u5b83\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\uff1b <\/li>\n
                    •  S Interruptible Sleep\uff0c\u53ef\u4e2d\u65ad\u7761\u7720\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u56e0\u4e3a\u7b49\u5f85\u67d0\u4e2a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u800c\u88ab\u7cfb\u7edf\u6302\u8d77\uff0c\u5f53\u7b49\u5f85\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\u5219\u4f1a\u88ab\u5524\u9192\u5e76\u8fdb\u5165R\u72b6\u6001\uff1b <\/li>\n
                    •  I Idle\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f2\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u7528\u5728\u4e0d\u53ef\u4e2d\u65ad\u7761\u7720\u7684\u5185\u6838\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0a\u3002\u8be5\u72b6\u6001\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5347\u9ad8\uff1b <\/li>\n
                    •  T Stop\/Traced\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5904\u4e8e\u6682\u505c\u6216\u8ddf\u8e2a\u72b6\u6001\uff08SIGSTOP\/SIGCONT\uff0c GDB\u8c03\u8bd5\uff09\uff1b <\/li>\n
                    •  X Dead\uff0c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5df2\u7ecf\u6d88\u4ea1\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5728top\/ps\u4e2d\u770b\u5230\u3002 <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                      \u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0d\u53ef\u4e2d\u65ad\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u5f88\u77ed\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u53ef\u5ffd\u7565\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6216\u786c\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\u6545\u969c\uff0c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53ef\u4e2d\u65ad\u72b6\u6001\u5f88\u4e45\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u5927\u91cf\u4e0d\u53ef\u4e2d\u65ad\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u9700\u6ce8\u610f\u662f\u5426\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86I\/O\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n
                      \u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e00\u822c\u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5e94\u7528\u5bb9\u6613\u9047\u5230\uff0c\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6765\u4e0d\u53ca\u5904\u7406\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001\u65f6\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5c31\u63d0\u524d\u9000\u51fa\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5c31\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f1a\u7528\u5c3dPID\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53f7\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u65b0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u65e0\u6cd5\u5efa\u7acb\u3002<\/p>\n
                      \u78c1\u76d8O_DIRECT\u95ee\u9898<\/span><\/h4>\n
                      sudo docker run --privileged --name=app -itd feisky\/app:iowait\nps aux | grep '\/app'<\/pre>\n
                       \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n
                      \u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u6b64\u65f6\u6709\u591a\u4e2aapp\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u72b6\u6001\u5206\u522b\u65f6Ss+\u548cD+\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u540e\u9762s\u8868\u793a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c+\u53f7\u8868\u793a\u524d\u53f0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ec4\u3002<\/p>\n
                      \u5176\u4e2d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ec4<\/strong>\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u7ec4\u76f8\u4e92\u5173\u8054\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6240\u5728\u7ec4\u7684\u7ec4\u5458\u3002\u4f1a\u8bdd<\/strong>\u6307\u5171\u4eab\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a7\u5236\u7ec8\u7aef\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ec4\u3002<\/p>\n
                      \u7528top\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u53d1\u73b0\uff1a1\uff09\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5728\u9010\u6e10\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u4e141\u5206\u949f\u5185\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86CPU\u4e2a\u6570\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u80fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u4e86\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9888\uff1b2\uff09\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6bd4\u8f83\u591a\u4e14\u5728\u4e0d\u505c\u589e\u52a0\uff1b3\uff09us\u548csys CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u90fd\u4e0d\u9ad8\uff0ciowait\u5374\u6bd4\u8f83\u9ad8\uff1b4\uff09\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0bCPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5904\u4e8eD\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u7b49\u5f85IO\u3002<\/p>\n
                      \u5206\u6790\u76ee\u524d\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u77e5\uff1aiowait\u8fc7\u9ad8\u5bfc\u81f4\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5347\u9ad8\uff0c\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u957f\u8bf4\u660e\u6709\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6ca1\u80fd\u6b63\u786e\u6e05\u7406\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n
                      \u7528dstat\u6765\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u67e5\u770bCPU\u548cI\/O\u4e24\u79cd\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u5bf9\u6bd4\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n
                      dstat 1 10    #\u95f4\u96941\u79d2\u8f93\u51fa10\u7ec4\u6570\u636e<\/pre>\n
                       \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n
                      \u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u5f53wai\uff08iowait\uff09\u5347\u9ad8\u65f6\u78c1\u76d8\u8bf7\u6c42read\u90fd\u4f1a\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u8bf4\u660eiowait\u7684\u5347\u9ad8\u548c\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u8bfb\u8bf7\u6c42\u6709\u5173\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u5206\u6790\u5230\u5e95\u65f6\u54ea\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728\u8bfb\u78c1\u76d8\u3002<\/p>\n
                      \u4e4b\u524dtop\u67e5\u770b\u7684\u5904\u4e8eD\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53f7\uff0c\u7528pidstat -d -p XXX \u5c55\u793a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684I\/O\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u636e\u3002\u53d1\u73b0\u5904\u4e8eD\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u8bfb\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5728\u7528pidstat -d \u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684I\/O\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u770b\u5230app\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u78c1\u76d8\u8bfb\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u6bcf\u79d2\u8bfb\u53d632MB\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8bbf\u95ee\u78c1\u76d8\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u5904\u4e8e\u5185\u6838\u6001\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u91cd\u70b9\u5c31\u662f\u627e\u5230app\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
                      sudo strace -p XXX #\u5bf9app\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8c03\u7528\u8fdb\u884c\u8ddf\u8e2a<\/pre>\n
                       \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n
                      \u62a5\u9519\u6ca1\u6709\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5df2\u7ecf\u65f6root\u6743\u9650\u4e86\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u9047\u5230\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u8981\u68c0\u67e5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u5e38\u3002ps\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u627e\u8be5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5df2\u7ecf\u5904\u4e8eZ\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5373\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n
                      \u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0btop pidstat\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u65e0\u6cd5\u7ed9\u51fa\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u50cf\u7b2c5\u7bc7\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u7528perf record -d\u548cperf report\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u67e5\u770bapp\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8c03\u7528\u6808\u3002<\/p>\n
                      \u770b\u5230app\u786e\u5b9e\u5728\u901a\u8fc7\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528sys_read()\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4ecenew_sync_read\u548cblkdev_direct_IO\u770b\u51fa\u8fdb\u7a0b\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u76f4\u63a5\u8bfb\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u8bf7\u6c42\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u78c1\u76d8\u8bfb\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u901a\u8fc7\u7f13\u5b58\u5bfc\u81f4iowait\u5347\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n
                      \u901a\u8fc7\u5c42\u5c42\u5206\u6790\u540e\uff0croot cause\u662fapp\u5185\u90e8\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u76f4\u63a5I\/O\u3002\u7136\u540e\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5230\u5177\u4f53\u4ee3\u7801\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8fdb\u884c\u4f18\u5316\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n
                      \u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/span><\/h4>\n
                      \u4e0a\u8ff0\u4f18\u5316\u540eiowait\u663e\u8457\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570\u91cf\u4ecd\u65e7\u5728\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u9996\u5148\u8981\u5b9a\u4f4d\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7pstree -aps XXX\uff0c\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u8be5\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u6811\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5c31\u662fapp\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n
                      \u67e5\u770bapp\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u770b\u770b\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f\u7684\u5904\u7406\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u786e\uff08\u662f\u5426\u8c03\u7528wait()\/waitpid(),\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u6ce8\u518cSIGCHILD\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u5904\u7406\u51fd\u6570\u7b49\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
                      \u78b0\u5230iowait\u5347\u9ad8\u65f6\uff0c\u5148\u7528dstat pidstat\u7b49\u5de5\u5177\u786e\u8ba4\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u78c1\u76d8I\/O\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u518d\u627e\u662f\u54ea\u4e9b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5bfc\u81f4I\/O\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528strace\u76f4\u63a5\u5206\u6790\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8c03\u7528\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7perf\u5de5\u5177\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n
                      \u5bf9\u4e8e\u50f5\u5c38\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u7528pstree\u627e\u5230\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u770b\u6e90\u7801\u68c0\u67e5\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f\u7684\u5904\u7406\u903b\u8f91\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n
                       <\/span>CPU\u6027\u80fd\u6307\u6807<\/span> <\/h3>\n
                        \n
                      • \n
                        CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
                          \n
                        •  \u7528\u6237CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387, \u5305\u62ec\u7528\u6237\u6001(user)\u548c\u4f4e\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6001(nice). \u8be5\u6307\u6807\u8fc7\u9ad8\u8bf4\u660e\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6bd4\u8f83\u7e41\u5fd9. <\/li>\n
                        •  \u7cfb\u7edfCPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387, CPU\u5728\u5185\u6838\u6001\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u767e\u5206\u6bd4(\u4e0d\u542b\u4e2d\u65ad). \u8be5\u6307\u6807\u9ad8\u8bf4\u660e\u5185\u6838\u6bd4\u8f83\u7e41\u5fd9. <\/li>\n
                        •  \u7b49\u5f85I\/O\u7684CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387, iowait, \u8be5\u6307\u6807\u9ad8\u8bf4\u660e\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0e\u786c\u4ef6\u8bbe\u5907I\/O\u4ea4\u4e92\u65f6\u95f4\u6bd4\u8f83\u957f. <\/li>\n
                        •  \u8f6f\/\u786c\u4e2d\u65adCPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387, \u8be5\u6307\u6807\u9ad8\u8bf4\u660e\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u53d1\u751f\u5927\u91cf\u4e2d\u65ad. <\/li>\n
                        •  steal CPU \/ guest CPU, \u8868\u793a\u865a\u62df\u673a\u5360\u7528\u7684CPU\u767e\u5206\u6bd4. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                        • \n
                          \u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d<\/p>\n
                          \u7406\u60f3\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\u7b49\u4e8e\u903b\u8f91CPU\u4e2a\u6570,\u8868\u793a\u6bcf\u4e2aCPU\u90fd\u88ab\u5145\u5206\u5229\u7528. \u82e5\u5927\u4e8e\u5219\u8bf4\u660e\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d1f\u8f7d\u8f83\u91cd.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
                        • \n
                          \u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362<\/p>\n
                          \u5305\u62ec\u65e0\u6cd5\u83b7\u53d6\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u81ea\u613f\u5207\u6362\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f3a\u5236\u8c03\u5ea6\u65f6\u7684\u975e\u81ea\u613f\u5207\u6362. \u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u4fdd\u8bc1Linux\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u6838\u5fc3\u529f\u80fd. \u8fc7\u591a\u7684\u5207\u6362\u5219\u4f1a\u5c06\u539f\u672c\u8fd0\u884c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684CPU\u65f6\u95f4\u6d88\u8017\u5728\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668,\u5185\u6838\u5360\u53ca\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u7b49\u6570\u636e\u4fdd\u5b58\u548c\u6062\u590d\u4e0a<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
                        • \n
                          CPU\u7f13\u5b58\u547d\u4e2d\u7387<\/p>\n
                          CPU\u7f13\u5b58\u7684\u590d\u7528\u60c5\u51b5,\u547d\u4e2d\u7387\u8d8a\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u8d8a\u597d. \u5176\u4e2dL1\/L2\u5e38\u7528\u5728\u5355\u6838,L3\u5219\u7528\u5728\u591a\u6838\u4e2d<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                           <\/span>\u6027\u80fd\u5de5\u5177<\/span> <\/h3>\n
                            \n
                          •  \u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\u6848\u4f8b <\/li>\n
                              \n
                            •  \u5148\u7528uptime\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d <\/li>\n
                            •  \u5224\u65ad\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5728\u5347\u9ad8\u540e\u518d\u7528mpstat\u548cpidstat\u5206\u522b\u67e5\u770b\u6bcf\u4e2aCPU\u548c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0bCPU\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5.\u627e\u51fa\u5bfc\u81f4\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b.\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u641c\u7d22\u516c\u4f17\u53f7Linux\u5c31\u8be5\u8fd9\u6837\u5b66\u540e\u53f0\u56de\u590d\u201cgit\u4e66\u7c4d\u201d\uff0c\u83b7\u53d6\u4e00\u4efd\u60ca\u559c\u793c\u5305\u3002 <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                            •  \u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u6848\u4f8b <\/li>\n
                                \n
                              •  \u5148\u7528vmstat\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u548c\u4e2d\u65ad\u6b21\u6570 <\/li>\n
                              •  \u518d\u7528pidstat\u89c2\u5bdf\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u81ea\u613f\u548c\u975e\u81ea\u613f\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u60c5\u51b5 <\/li>\n
                              •  \u6700\u540e\u901a\u8fc7pidstat\u89c2\u5bdf\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u60c5\u51b5 <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                              •  \u8fdb\u7a0bCPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u9ad8\u6848\u4f8b <\/li>\n
                                  \n
                                •  \u5148\u7528top\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5,\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5230\u8fdb\u7a0b <\/li>\n
                                •  \u518d\u7528perf top\u89c2\u5bdf\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8c03\u7528\u94fe,\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5230\u5177\u4f53\u51fd\u6570 <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                •  \u7cfb\u7edfCPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u9ad8\u6848\u4f8b <\/li>\n
                                    \n
                                  •  \u5148\u7528top\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5,top\/pidstat\u90fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u627e\u5230CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u9ad8\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b <\/li>\n
                                  •  \u91cd\u65b0\u5ba1\u89c6top\u8f93\u51fa <\/li>\n
                                  •  \u4eceCPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u4e0d\u9ad8,\u4f46\u662f\u5904\u4e8eRunning\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5165\u624b <\/li>\n
                                  •  perf record\/report\u53d1\u73b0\u77ed\u65f6\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5bfc\u81f4 (execsnoop\u5de5\u5177) <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                  •  \u4e0d\u53ef\u4e2d\u65ad\u548c\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6848\u4f8b <\/li>\n
                                      \n
                                    •  \u5148\u7528top\u89c2\u5bdfiowait\u5347\u9ad8,\u53d1\u73b0\u5927\u91cf\u4e0d\u53ef\u4e2d\u65ad\u548c\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b <\/li>\n
                                    •  strace\u65e0\u6cd5\u8ddf\u8e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528 <\/li>\n
                                    •  perf\u5206\u6790\u8c03\u7528\u94fe\u53d1\u73b0\u6839\u6e90\u6765\u81ea\u78c1\u76d8\u76f4\u63a5I\/O <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                    •  \u8f6f\u4e2d\u65ad\u6848\u4f8b <\/li>\n
                                        \n
                                      •  top\u89c2\u5bdf\u7cfb\u7edf\u8f6f\u4e2d\u65adCPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u9ad8 <\/li>\n
                                      •  \u67e5\u770b\/proc\/softirqs\u627e\u5230\u53d8\u5316\u901f\u7387\u8f83\u5feb\u7684\u51e0\u79cd\u8f6f\u4e2d\u65ad <\/li>\n
                                      •  sar\u547d\u4ee4\u53d1\u73b0\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u5c0f\u5305\u95ee\u9898 <\/li>\n
                                      •  tcpdump\u627e\u51fa\u7f51\u7edc\u5e27\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u6765\u6e90, \u786e\u5b9aSYN FLOOD\u653b\u51fb\u5bfc\u81f4 <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n
                                        \u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u6307\u6807\u6765\u627e\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5de5\u5177:<\/p>\n
                                        \"Linux\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\u603b\u7ed3\u5927\u5168 \u56fe\u7247\u6765\u81ea: www.ctq6.cn <\/p>\n
                                        \u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5f80\u5f80\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u6ca1\u6709\u6743\u9650\u5b89\u88c5\u65b0\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u5305,\u53ea\u80fd\u6700\u5927\u5316\u5229\u7528\u597d\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u597d\u7684\u5de5\u5177. \u56e0\u6b64\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e3b\u6d41\u5de5\u5177\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u4f9b\u54ea\u4e9b\u6307\u6807\u5206\u6790.<\/p>\n
                                        \"Linux\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\u603b\u7ed3\u5927\u5168 \u56fe\u7247\u6765\u81ea: www.ctq6.cn <\/p>\n
                                        \u5148\u8fd0\u884c\u51e0\u4e2a\u652f\u6301\u6307\u6807\u8f83\u591a\u7684\u5de5\u5177, \u5982top\/vmstat\/pidstat,\u6839\u636e\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u51fa\u662f\u54ea\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898. \u5b9a\u4f4d\u5230\u8fdb\u7a0b\u540e\u518d\u7528strace\/perf\u5206\u6790\u8c03\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5206\u6790. \u5982\u679c\u662f\u8f6f\u4e2d\u65ad\u5bfc\u81f4\u7528\/proc\/softirqs<\/p>\n
                                        \"Linux\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\u603b\u7ed3\u5927\u5168 \u56fe\u7247\u6765\u81ea: www.ctq6.cn <\/p>\n
                                         <\/span>CPU\u4f18\u5316<\/span> <\/h3>\n
                                          \n
                                        • \n
                                          \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f18\u5316<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
                                            \n
                                          •  \u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4f18\u5316: \u7f16\u8bd1\u9636\u6bb5\u5f00\u542f\u4f18\u5316\u9009\u9879, \u5982gcc -O2 <\/li>\n
                                          •  \u7b97\u6cd5\u4f18\u5316 <\/li>\n
                                          •  \u5f02\u6b65\u5904\u7406: \u907f\u514d\u7a0b\u5e8f\u56e0\u4e3a\u7b49\u5f85\u67d0\u4e2a\u8d44\u6e90\u800c\u4e00\u76f4\u963b\u585e,\u63d0\u5347\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b. (\u5c06\u8f6e\u8be2\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u901a\u77e5) <\/li>\n
                                          •  \u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4ee3\u66ff\u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b: \u51cf\u5c11\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u6210\u672c <\/li>\n
                                          •  \u5584\u7528\u7f13\u5b58: \u52a0\u5feb\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5904\u7406\u901f\u5ea6 <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                          • \n
                                            \u7cfb\u7edf\u4f18\u5316<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
                                              \n
                                            •  CPU\u7ed1\u5b9a: \u5c06\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ed1\u5b9a\u89811\u4e2a\/\u591a\u4e2aCPU\u4e0a,\u63d0\u9ad8CPU\u7f13\u5b58\u547d\u4e2d\u7387,\u51cf\u5c11CPU\u8c03\u5ea6\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362 <\/li>\n
                                            •  CPU\u72ec\u5360: CPU\u4eb2\u548c\u6027\u673a\u5236\u6765\u5206\u914d\u8fdb\u7a0b <\/li>\n
                                            •  \u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8c03\u6574:\u4f7f\u7528nice\u9002\u5f53\u964d\u4f4e\u975e\u6838\u5fc3\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7 <\/li>\n
                                            •  \u4e3a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8d44\u6e90\u663e\u793a: cgroups\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u9650,\u9632\u6b62\u7531\u67d0\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u81ea\u8eab\u95ee\u9898\u8017\u5c3d\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90 <\/li>\n
                                            •  NUMA\u4f18\u5316: CPU\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u672c\u5730\u5185\u5b58 <\/li>\n
                                            •  \u4e2d\u65ad\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861: irpbalance,\u5c06\u4e2d\u65ad\u5904\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u81ea\u52a8\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5230\u5404\u4e2aCPU\u4e0a <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                            • \n
                                              TPS\u3001QPS\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u7684\u533a\u522b\u548c\u7406\u89e3<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
                                                \n
                                              • \n
                                                QPS(TPS)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
                                              • \n
                                                \u5e76\u53d1\u6570<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
                                              • \n
                                                \u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4<\/p>\n
                                                QPS(TPS)=\u5e76\u53d1\u6570\/\u5e73\u5747\u76f8\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
                                              • \n
                                                \u7528\u6237\u8bf7\u6c42\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
                                              • \n
                                                \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5185\u90e8\u5904\u7406<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
                                              • \n
                                                \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237<\/p>\n
                                                QPS\u7c7b\u4f3cTPS,\u4f46\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u9875\u9762\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2aTPS,\u4f46\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u9875\u9762\u8bf7\u6c42\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u591a\u6b21\u5bf9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42,\u53ef\u80fd\u8ba1\u5165\u591a\u6b21QPS<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
                                              • \n
                                                QPS (Queries Per Second)\u6bcf\u79d2\u67e5\u8be2\u7387,\u4e00\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6bcf\u79d2\u80fd\u591f\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u6b21\u6570.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
                                              • \n
                                                TPS (Transactions Per Second)\u6bcf\u79d2\u4e8b\u52a1\u6570,\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u7ed3\u679c.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
                                              • \n
                                                \u7cfb\u7edf\u541e\u5410\u91cf, \u5305\u62ec\u51e0\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u53c2\u6570:<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n
                                                 3<\/span><\/span>\u5185\u5b58<\/span><\/span> <\/h2>\n
                                                 <\/span>Linux\u5185\u5b58\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684<\/span> <\/h3>\n
                                                \u5185\u5b58\u6620\u5c04<\/span><\/h4>\n
                                                \u5927\u591a\u6570\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7528\u7684\u4e3b\u5b58\u90fd\u662f\u52a8\u6001\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\u5185\u5b58(DRAM)\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5185\u6838\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u3002Linux\u5185\u6838\u7ed9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u662f\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u5185\u5b58(\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58)\u3002<\/p>\n
                                                \u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u5206\u4e3a\u5185\u6838\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u5b57\u957f\u7684\u5904\u7406\u5668\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u4e0d\u540c\u300232\u4f4d\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u7a7a\u95f4\u5360\u75281G\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u53603G\u300264\u4f4d\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u90fd\u662f128T\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u5360\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u548c\u6700\u4f4e\u5904\uff0c\u4e2d\u95f4\u90e8\u5206\u4e3a\u672a\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n
                                                \u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u90fd\u4f1a\u5206\u914d\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5b9e\u9645\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u624d\u4f1a\u3002\u5206\u914d\u540e\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u901a\u8fc7\u5185\u5b58\u6620\u5c04\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b8c\u6210\u5185\u5b58\u6620\u5c04\uff0c\u5185\u6838\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u90fd\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u9875\u8868\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u9875\u8868\u5b9e\u9645\u5b58\u50a8\u5728CPU\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u5355\u5143MMU\u4e2d\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u8fc7\u786c\u4ef6\u627e\u51fa\u8981\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n
                                                \u5f53\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u5728\u9875\u8868\u4e2d\u67e5\u4e0d\u5230\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f3a\u9875\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165\u5185\u6838\u7a7a\u95f4\u5206\u914d\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9875\u8868\uff0c\u518d\u8fd4\u56de\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u6062\u590d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n
                                                MMU\u4ee5\u9875\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u7ba1\u7406\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u9875\u5927\u5c0f4KB\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u9875\u8868\u9879\u8fc7\u591a\u95ee\u9898Linux\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u7ea7\u9875\u8868<\/strong>\u548cHugePage<\/strong>\u7684\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n
                                                \u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u5206\u5e03<\/span><\/h4>\n
                                                \u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u5185\u5b58\u4ece\u4f4e\u5230\u9ad8\u662f\u4e94\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6bb5\uff1a<\/p>\n
                                                  \n
                                                •  \u53ea\u8bfb\u6bb5<\/strong> \u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u5e38\u91cf\u7b49 <\/li>\n
                                                •  \u6570\u636e\u6bb5<\/strong> \u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u7b49 <\/li>\n
                                                •  \u5806<\/strong> \u52a8\u6001\u5206\u914d\u7684\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u4ece\u4f4e\u5730\u5740\u5f00\u59cb\u5411\u4e0a\u589e\u957f <\/li>\n
                                                •  \u6587\u4ef6\u6620\u5c04<\/strong> \u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u3001\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u7b49\uff0c\u4ece\u9ad8\u5730\u5740\u5f00\u59cb\u5411\u4e0b\u589e\u957f <\/li>\n
                                                •  \u6808<\/strong> \u5305\u62ec\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7b49\uff0c\u6808\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u4e00\u822c8MB <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                                  \u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u4e0e\u56de\u6536<\/span><\/h4>\n
                                                  \u5206\u914d<\/span><\/h5>\n
                                                  malloc\u5bf9\u5e94\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u4e0a\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n
                                                    \n
                                                  •  brk()<\/strong> \u9488\u5bf9\u5c0f\u5757\u5185\u5b58( <\/li>\n
                                                  •  **mmap()**\u9488\u5bf9\u5927\u5757\u5185\u5b58(>128K)\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u6620\u5c04\u6765\u5206\u914d\uff0c\u5373\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u6620\u5c04\u6bb5\u627e\u4e00\u5757\u7a7a\u95f2\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u3002 <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                                    \u524d\u8005\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u7f3a\u9875\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5185\u5b58\u8bbf\u95ee\u6548\u7387\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u5185\u5b58\u6ca1\u6709\u5f52\u8fd8\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u5de5\u4f5c\u7e41\u5fd9\u65f6\uff0c\u9891\u7e41\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\/\u91ca\u653e\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u5185\u5b58\u788e\u7247\u3002<\/p>\n
                                                    \u540e\u8005\u5728\u91ca\u653e\u65f6\u76f4\u63a5\u5f52\u8fd8\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6bcf\u6b21mmap\u90fd\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u7f3a\u9875\u5f02\u5e38\u3002\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u5de5\u4f5c\u7e41\u5fd9\u65f6\uff0c\u9891\u7e41\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5927\u91cf\u7f3a\u9875\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u4f7f\u5185\u6838\u7ba1\u7406\u8d1f\u62c5\u589e\u52a0\u3002<\/p>\n
                                                    \u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e24\u79cd\u8c03\u7528\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u771f\u6b63\u5206\u914d\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u5b58\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u9996\u6b21\u8bbf\u95ee\u65f6\uff0c\u624d\u901a\u8fc7\u7f3a\u9875\u5f02\u5e38\u8fdb\u5165\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531\u5185\u6838\u6765\u5206\u914d<\/p>\n
                                                    \u56de\u6536<\/span><\/h5>\n
                                                    \u5185\u5b58\u7d27\u5f20\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u56de\u6536\u5185\u5b58\uff1a<\/p>\n
                                                      \n
                                                    • \n
                                                      \u56de\u6536\u7f13\u5b58\uff1aLRU\u7b97\u6cd5\u56de\u6536\u6700\u8fd1\u6700\u5c11\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u9875\u9762\uff1b<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
                                                    • \n
                                                      \u56de\u6536\u4e0d\u5e38\u8bbf\u95ee\u5185\u5b58\uff1a\u628a\u4e0d\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u901a\u8fc7\u4ea4\u6362\u5206\u533a\u5199\u5165\u78c1\u76d8<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
                                                    • \n
                                                      \u6740\u6b7b\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff1aOOM\u5185\u6838\u4fdd\u62a4\u673a\u5236 \uff08\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6d88\u8017\u5185\u5b58\u8d8a\u5927oom_score\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u5360\u7528CPU\u8d8a\u591aoom_score\u8d8a\u5c0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\/proc\u624b\u52a8\u8c03\u6574oom_adj\uff09<\/p>\n
                                                      echo -16 &gt; \/proc\/$(pidof XXX)\/oom_adj<\/pre>\n
                                                       \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                                      \u5982\u4f55\u67e5\u770b\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5<\/span><\/h4>\n
                                                      free\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u6574\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5<\/p>\n
                                                      top\/ps\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u67d0\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5<\/p>\n
                                                        \n
                                                      •  VIRT<\/strong> \u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u5927\u5c0f <\/li>\n
                                                      •  RES<\/strong> \u5e38\u9a7b\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u5373\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5b9e\u9645\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u4e0d\u5305\u62ecswap\u548c\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58 <\/li>\n
                                                      •  SHR<\/strong> \u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u5e93\u4ee5\u53ca\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ee3\u7801\u6bb5 <\/li>\n
                                                      •  %MEM<\/strong> \u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f7f\u7528\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7cfb\u7edf\u603b\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u767e\u5206\u6bd4 <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                                         <\/span>\u600e\u6837\u7406\u89e3\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684Buffer\u548cCache\uff1f<\/span> <\/h3>\n
                                                        buffer\u662f\u5bf9\u78c1\u76d8\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\uff0ccache\u662f\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u65e2\u4f1a\u7528\u5728\u8bfb\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e5f\u4f1a\u7528\u5728\u5199\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d<\/strong><\/p>\n
                                                         <\/span>\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u7f13\u5b58\u4f18\u5316\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u6548\u7387<\/span> <\/h3>\n
                                                        \u7f13\u5b58\u547d\u4e2d\u7387<\/span><\/h4>\n
                                                        \u7f13\u5b58\u547d\u4e2d\u7387<\/strong>\u662f\u6307\u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u8fc7\u7f13\u5b58\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u6b21\u6570\uff0c\u5360\u6240\u6709\u8bf7\u6c42\u6b21\u6570\u7684\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u3002\u547d\u4e2d\u7387\u8d8a\u9ad8\u8bf4\u660e\u7f13\u5b58\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u6536\u76ca\u8d8a\u9ad8\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u4e5f\u5c31\u8d8a\u597d\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n
                                                        \u5b89\u88c5bcc\u5305\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7cachestat\u548ccachetop\u6765\u76d1\u6d4b\u7f13\u5b58\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\u547d\u4e2d\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n
                                                        \u5b89\u88c5pcstat\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u5927\u5c0f\u4ee5\u53ca\u7f13\u5b58\u6bd4\u4f8b<\/p>\n
                                                        #\u9996\u5148\u5b89\u88c5Go\nexport GOPATH=~\/go\nexport PATH=~\/go\/bin:$PATH\ngo get golang.org\/x\/sys\/unix\ngo ge github.com\/tobert\/pcstat\/pcstat<\/pre>\n
                                                         \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n
                                                        dd\u7f13\u5b58\u52a0\u901f<\/span><\/h4>\n
                                                        dd if=\/dev\/sda1 of=file bs=1M count=512 #\u751f\u4ea7\u4e00\u4e2a512MB\u7684\u4e34\u65f6\u6587\u4ef6\necho 3 &gt; \/proc\/sys\/vm\/drop_caches #\u6e05\u7406\u7f13\u5b58\npcstat file #\u786e\u5b9a\u521a\u624d\u751f\u6210\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u7f13\u5b58\u4e2d\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6cached\u548cpercent\u90fd\u662f0\ncachetop 5\ndd if=file of=\/dev\/null bs=1M #\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u53d6\u901f\u5ea6\n#\u6b64\u65f6\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u53d6\u6027\u80fd\u4e3a30+MB\/s\uff0c\u67e5\u770bcachetop\u7ed3\u679c\u53d1\u73b0\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8bfb\u90fd\u843d\u5728\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0a\uff0c\u8bfb\u7f13\u5b58\u547d\u4e2d\u7387\u53ea\u670950%\u3002\ndd if=file of=\/dev\/null bs=1M #\u91cd\u590d\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8bfb\u6587\u4ef6\u6d4b\u8bd5\n#\u6b64\u65f6\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u53d6\u6027\u80fd\u4e3a4+GB\/s\uff0c\u8bfb\u7f13\u5b58\u547d\u4e2d\u7387\u4e3a100%\npcstat file #\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6file\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c100%\u5168\u90e8\u7f13\u5b58<\/pre>\n
                                                         \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n
                                                        O_DIRECT\u9009\u9879\u7ed5\u8fc7\u7cfb\u7edf\u7f13\u5b58<\/span><\/h4>\n
                                                        cachetop 5\nsudo docker run --privileged --name=app -itd feisky\/app:io-direct\nsudo docker logs app #\u786e\u8ba4\u6848\u4f8b\u542f\u52a8\u6210\u529f\n#\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\u8868\u660e\u6bcf\u8bfb32MB\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u8981\u82b10.9s\uff0c\u4e14cachetop\u8f93\u51fa\u4e2d\u663e\u793a1024\u6b21\u7f13\u5b58\u5168\u90e8\u547d\u4e2d<\/pre>\n
                                                         \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n
                                                        \u4f46\u662f\u51ed\u611f\u89c9\u53ef\u77e5\u5982\u679c\u7f13\u5b58\u547d\u4e2d\u8bfb\u901f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u5e94\u5982\u6b64\u6162\uff0c\u8bfb\u6b21\u6570\u65f61024\uff0c\u9875\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a4K\uff0c\u4e94\u79d2\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e861024*4KB\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5373\u6bcf\u79d20.8MB\uff0c\u548c\u7ed3\u679c\u4e2d32MB\u76f8\u5dee\u8f83\u5927\u3002\u8bf4\u660e\u8be5\u6848\u4f8b\u6ca1\u6709\u5145\u5206\u5229\u7528\u7f13\u5b58\uff0c\u6000\u7591\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u76f4\u63a5I\/O\u6807\u5fd7\u7ed5\u8fc7\u7cfb\u7edf\u7f13\u5b58\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u89c2\u5bdf\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528.<\/p>\n
                                                        strace -p $(pgrep app)\n#strace \u7ed3\u679c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230openat\u6253\u5f00\u78c1\u76d8\u5206\u533a\/dev\/sdb1\uff0c\u4f20\u5165\u53c2\u6570\u4e3aO_RDONLY|O_DIRECT<\/pre>\n
                                                         \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n
                                                        \u8fd9\u5c31\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8bfb32MB\u6570\u636e\u90a3\u4e48\u6162\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u78c1\u76d8\u8bfb\u5199\u80af\u5b9a\u8fdc\u8fdc\u6162\u4e8e\u7f13\u5b58\u3002\u627e\u51fa\u95ee\u9898\u540e\u6211\u4eec\u518d\u770b\u6848\u4f8b\u7684\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u53d1\u73b0flags\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u76f4\u63a5IO\u6807\u5fd7\u3002\u5220\u9664\u8be5\u9009\u9879\u540e\u91cd\u8dd1\uff0c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6027\u80fd\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n
                                                         <\/span>\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5b9a\u4f4d\u548c\u5904\u7406\uff1f<\/span> <\/h3>\n
                                                        \u5bf9\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u52a8\u6001\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u5206\u914d\u548c\u56de\u6536\u662f\u6838\u5fc3\u53c8\u590d\u6742\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u903b\u8f91\u529f\u80fd\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u7ba1\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u5404\u79cd\u5404\u6837\u7684\u201c\u4e8b\u6545\u201d\uff1a<\/p>\n
                                                          \n
                                                        •  \u6ca1\u6b63\u786e\u56de\u6536\u5206\u914d\u7684\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u6cc4\u6f0f <\/li>\n
                                                        •  \u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u662f\u5df2\u5206\u914d\u5185\u5b58\u8fb9\u754c\u5916\u7684\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5f02\u5e38\u9000\u51fa <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                                          \u5185\u5b58\u7684\u5206\u914d\u4e0e\u56de\u6536<\/span><\/h4>\n
                                                          \u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u5e03\u4ece\u4f4e\u5230\u9ad8\u5206\u522b\u662f\u53ea\u8bfb\u6bb5\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u6bb5\uff0c\u5806\uff0c\u5185\u5b58\u6620\u5c04\u6bb5\uff0c\u6808<\/strong>\u4e94\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u7684\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n
                                                            \n
                                                          •  \u5806\uff1a\u7531\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u81ea\u5df1\u6765\u5206\u914d\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9000\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5806\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u7cfb\u7edf\u81ea\u52a8\u91ca\u653e\u3002 <\/li>\n
                                                          •  \u5185\u5b58\u6620\u5c04\u6bb5\uff1a\u5305\u62ec\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u5e93\u548c\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d \u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u7531\u7a0b\u5e8f\u81ea\u52a8\u5206\u914d\u548c\u7ba1\u7406 <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                                            \u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u7684\u5371\u5bb3\u6bd4\u8f83\u5927\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5fd8\u8bb0\u91ca\u653e\u7684\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u81ea\u5df1\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u628a\u5b83\u4eec\u518d\u6b21\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u5176\u4ed6\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/strong> \u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u4e0d\u65ad\u7d2f\u79ef\u751a\u81f3\u4f1a\u8017\u5c3d\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u5b58.<\/p>\n
                                                            \u5982\u4f55\u68c0\u6d4b\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f<\/span><\/h4>\n
                                                            \u9884\u5148\u5b89\u88c5systat\uff0cdocker\uff0cbcc<\/p>\n
                                                            sudo docker run --name=app -itd feisky\/app:mem-leak\nsudo docker logs app\nvmstat 3<\/pre>\n
                                                             \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n
                                                            \u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230free\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u4e0b\u964d\uff0cbuffer\u548ccache\u57fa\u672c\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8\u3002\u8bf4\u660e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u4e00\u81f4\u5728\u5347\u9ad8\u3002\u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bf4\u660e\u5b58\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7memleak\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u8ddf\u8e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u6216\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\/\u91ca\u653e\u8bf7\u6c42<\/p>\n
                                                            \/usr\/share\/bcc\/tools\/memleak -a -p $(pidof app)<\/pre>\n
                                                             \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n
                                                            \u4ecememleak\u8f93\u51fa\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u4e0d\u505c\u5730\u5206\u914d\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5206\u914d\u7684\u5730\u5740\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u56de\u6536\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u7528\u6808\u770b\u5230\u662ffibonacci\u51fd\u6570\u5206\u914d\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6ca1\u6709\u91ca\u653e\u3002\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5230\u6e90\u7801\u540e\u67e5\u770b\u6e90\u7801\u6765\u4fee\u590d\u589e\u52a0\u5185\u5b58\u91ca\u653e\u51fd\u6570\u5373\u53ef.<\/p>\n
                                                             <\/span>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684Swap\u53d8\u9ad8<\/span> <\/h3>\n
                                                            \u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u5b58\u8d44\u6e90\u7d27\u5f20\u65f6\u901a\u8fc7\u5185\u5b58\u56de\u6536\u548cOOM\u6740\u6b7b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u53ef\u56de\u6536\u5185\u5b58\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n
                                                              \n
                                                            •  \u7f13\u5b58\/\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u53ef\u56de\u6536\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u7ba1\u7406\u4e2d\u901a\u5e38\u53eb\u505a\u6587\u4ef6\u9875 <\/li>\n
                                                                \n
                                                              •  \u5728\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u901a\u8fc7fsync\u5c06\u810f\u9875\u540c\u6b65\u5230\u78c1\u76d8 <\/li>\n
                                                              •  \u4ea4\u7ed9\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5185\u6838\u7ebf\u7a0bpdflush\u8d1f\u8d23\u8fd9\u4e9b\u810f\u9875\u7684\u5237\u65b0 <\/li>\n
                                                              •  \u88ab\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4fee\u6539\u8fc7\u6682\u65f6\u6ca1\u5199\u5165\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u6570\u636e(\u810f\u9875)\uff0c\u8981\u5148\u5199\u5165\u78c1\u76d8\u7136\u540e\u624d\u80fd\u5185\u5b58\u91ca\u653e <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                                              •  \u5185\u5b58\u6620\u5c04\u83b7\u53d6\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6620\u5c04\u9875\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u91ca\u653e\u6389\uff0c\u4e0b\u6b21\u8bbf\u95ee\u65f6\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u91cd\u65b0\u8bfb\u53d6 <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                                                \u5bf9\u4e8e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u81ea\u52a8\u5206\u914d\u7684\u5806\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u4e2d\u7684\u533f\u540d\u9875\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u91ca\u653e\uff0c\u4f46\u662fLinux\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86Swap\u673a\u5236\u5c06\u4e0d\u5e38\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5199\u5165\u5230\u78c1\u76d8\u6765\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u518d\u6b21\u8bbf\u95ee\u65f6\u4ece\u78c1\u76d8\u8bfb\u53d6\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n
                                                                Swap\u539f\u7406<\/span><\/h4>\n
                                                                Swap\u672c\u8d28\u5c31\u662f\u628a\u4e00\u5757\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u6216\u8005\u4e00\u4e2a\u672c\u5730\u6587\u4ef6\u5f53\u4f5c\u5185\u5b58\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6362\u5165\u548c\u6362\u51fa\u4e24\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
                                                                  \n
                                                                •  \u6362\u51fa\uff1a\u5c06\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6682\u65f6\u4e0d\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u5230\u78c1\u76d8\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u91ca\u653e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u5b58 <\/li>\n
                                                                •  \u6362\u5165\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u518d\u6b21\u8bbf\u95ee\u5185\u5b58\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u4ece\u78c1\u76d8\u8bfb\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                                                  Linux\u5982\u4f55\u8861\u91cf\u5185\u5b58\u8d44\u6e90\u662f\u5426\u7d27\u5f20\uff1f<\/p>\n
                                                                    \n
                                                                  • \n
                                                                    \u76f4\u63a5\u5185\u5b58\u56de\u6536<\/strong> \u65b0\u7684\u5927\u5757\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u4f46\u5269\u4f59\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u56de\u6536\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u5185\u5b58\uff1b<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
                                                                  • \n
                                                                    kswapd0<\/strong> \u5185\u6838\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b9a\u671f\u56de\u6536\u5185\u5b58\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u8861\u91cf\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86pages_min,pages_low,pages_high\u4e09\u4e2a\u9608\u503c\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u5176\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u56de\u6536\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
                                                                      \n
                                                                    • \n
                                                                      \u5269\u4f59\u5185\u5b58 <\/p>\n<\/li>\n
                                                                    • \n
                                                                      pages_min pages_high<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
                                                                    • \n
                                                                      pages_low <\/p>\n<\/li>\n
                                                                    • \n
                                                                      \u5269\u4f59\u5185\u5b58 > pages_high\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u5269\u4f59\u5185\u5b58\u8f83\u591a\uff0c\u65e0\u5185\u5b58\u538b\u529b<\/p>\n
                                                                      pages_low = pages_min 5 \/ 4 pages_high = pages_min<\/em> 3 \/ 2<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n
                                                                      NUMA \u4e0e SWAP<\/span><\/h4>\n
                                                                      \u5f88\u591a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u7cfb\u7edf\u5269\u4f59\u5185\u5b58\u8f83\u591a\uff0c\u4f46SWAP\u4f9d\u65e7\u5347\u9ad8\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u5668\u7684NUMA\u67b6\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n
                                                                      \u5728NUMA\u67b6\u6784\u4e0b\u591a\u4e2a\u5904\u7406\u5668\u5212\u5206\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u7684Node\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2aNode\u90fd\u62e5\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u672c\u5730\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u5728\u5206\u6790\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u5e94\u8be5\u9488\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2aNode\u5355\u72ec\u5206\u6790<\/p>\n
                                                                      numactl --hardware #\u67e5\u770b\u5904\u7406\u5668\u5728Node\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6bcf\u4e2aNode\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5<\/pre>\n
                                                                       \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n
                                                                      \u5185\u5b58\u4e09\u4e2a\u9608\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\/proc\/zoneinfo\u6765\u67e5\u770b\uff0c\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u6d3b\u8dc3\u548c\u975e\u6d3b\u8dc3\u7684\u533f\u540d\u9875\/\u6587\u4ef6\u9875\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n
                                                                      \u5f53\u67d0\u4e2aNode\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u8db3\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u5176\u4ed6Node\u5bfb\u627e\u7a7a\u95f2\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u672c\u5730\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u56de\u6536\u5185\u5b58\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\/proc\/sys\/vm\/zone_raclaim_mode\u6765\u8c03\u6574\u3002<\/p>\n
                                                                        \n
                                                                      •  0\u8868\u793a\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u5176\u4ed6Node\u5bfb\u627e\u7a7a\u95f2\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u672c\u5730\u56de\u6536\u5185\u5b58 <\/li>\n
                                                                      •  1\uff0c2\uff0c4\u8868\u793a\u53ea\u56de\u6536\u672c\u5730\u5185\u5b58\uff0c2\u8868\u793a\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f1a\u56de\u810f\u6570\u636e\u56de\u6536\u5185\u5b58\uff0c4\u8868\u793a\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528Swap\u65b9\u5f0f\u56de\u6536\u5185\u5b58\u3002 <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                                                        swappiness<\/span><\/h4>\n
                                                                        \u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u56de\u6536\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2dLinux\u6839\u636e\/proc\/sys\/vm\/swapiness\u9009\u9879\u6765\u8c03\u6574\u4f7f\u7528Swap\u7684\u79ef\u6781\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u4ece0-100\uff0c\u6570\u503c\u8d8a\u5927\u8d8a\u79ef\u6781\u4f7f\u7528Swap\uff0c\u5373\u66f4\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u56de\u6536\u533f\u540d\u9875\uff1b\u6570\u503c\u8d8a\u5c0f\u8d8a\u6d88\u6781\u4f7f\u7528Swap\uff0c\u5373\u66f4\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u56de\u6536\u6587\u4ef6\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n
                                                                        \u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u8fd9\u53ea\u662f\u8c03\u6574Swap\u79ef\u6781\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u6743\u91cd\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a0\uff0c\u5f53\u5269\u4f59\u5185\u5b58+\u6587\u4ef6\u9875\u5c0f\u4e8e\u9875\u9ad8\u9608\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u4f1a\u53d1\u751fSwap\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n
                                                                        Swap\u5347\u9ad8\u65f6\u5982\u4f55\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5206\u6790<\/span><\/h4>\n
                                                                        free #\u9996\u5148\u901a\u8fc7free\u67e5\u770bswap\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u82e5swap=0\u8868\u793a\u672a\u914d\u7f6eSwap\n#\u5148\u521b\u5efa\u5e76\u5f00\u542fswap\nfallocate -l 8G \/mnt\/swapfile\nchmod 600 \/mnt\/swapfile\nmkswap \/mnt\/swapfile\nswapon \/mnt\/swapfile\n\nfree #\u518d\u6b21\u6267\u884cfree\u786e\u4fddSwap\u914d\u7f6e\u6210\u529f\n\ndd if=\/dev\/sda1 of=\/dev\/null bs=1G count=2048 #\u6a21\u62df\u5927\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u53d6\nsar -r -S 1  #\u67e5\u770b\u5185\u5b58\u5404\u4e2a\u6307\u6807\u53d8\u5316 -r\u5185\u5b58 -S swap\n#\u6839\u636e\u7ed3\u679c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c%memused\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u5269\u4f59\u5185\u5b58kbmemfress\u4e0d\u65ad\u51cf\u5c11\uff0c\u7f13\u51b2\u533akbbuffers\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u5927\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u77e5\u5269\u4f59\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u65ad\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u4e86\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\n#\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5269\u4f59\u5185\u5b58\u5f88\u5c0f\uff0c\u800c\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5360\u7528\u4e86\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5185\u5b58\u3002\u6b64\u65f6Swap\u4f7f\u7528\u4e4b\u95f4\u589e\u5927\uff0c\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u548c\u5269\u4f59\u5185\u5b58\u53ea\u5728\u5c0f\u8303\u56f4\u6ce2\u52a8\n\n\u505c\u4e0bsar\u547d\u4ee4\ncachetop5 #\u89c2\u5bdf\u7f13\u5b58\n#\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230dd\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8bfb\u5199\u53ea\u670950%\u7684\u547d\u4e2d\u7387\uff0c\u672a\u547d\u4e2d\u6570\u4e3a4w+\u9875\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u6b63\u5f0fdd\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5bfc\u81f4\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u4f7f\u7528\u5347\u9ad8\nwatch -d grep -A 15 \u2018Normal\u2019 \/proc\/zoneinfo #\u89c2\u5bdf\u5185\u5b58\u6307\u6807\u53d8\u5316\n#\u53d1\u73b0\u5347\u7ea7\u5185\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u8303\u56f4\u4e0d\u505c\u7684\u6ce2\u52a8\uff0c\u4f4e\u4e8e\u9875\u4f4e\u9608\u503c\u65f6\u4f1a\u7a81\u7136\u589e\u5927\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u4e8e\u9875\u9ad8\u9608\u503c\u7684\u503c<\/pre>\n
                                                                         \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n
                                                                        \u8bf4\u660e\u5269\u4f59\u5185\u5b58\u548c\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u7684\u6ce2\u52a8\u53d8\u5316\u6b63\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u5185\u5b58\u56de\u6536\u548c\u7f13\u5b58\u518d\u6b21\u5206\u914d\u7684\u5faa\u73af\u5f80\u590d\u3002\u6709\u65f6\u5019Swap\u7528\u7684\u591a\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u6ce2\u52a8\u66f4\u591a\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u67e5\u770bswappiness\u503c\u4e3a60\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e2d\u548c\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u9645\u8fd0\u884c\u60c5\u51b5\u6765\u9009\u53bb\u5408\u9002\u7684\u56de\u6536\u7c7b\u578b.<\/p>\n
                                                                         <\/span>\u5982\u4f55\u201c\u5feb\u51c6\u72e0\u201d\u627e\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u5b58\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u95ee\u9898<\/span> <\/h3>\n
                                                                        \u5185\u5b58\u6027\u80fd\u6307\u6807<\/span><\/h4>\n
                                                                        \u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u5b58\u6307\u6807<\/strong><\/p>\n
                                                                          \n
                                                                        •  \u5df2\u7528\u5185\u5b58\/\u5269\u4f59\u5185\u5b58 <\/li>\n
                                                                        •  \u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58 \uff08tmpfs\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09 <\/li>\n
                                                                        •  \u53ef\u7528\u5185\u5b58\uff1a\u5305\u62ec\u5269\u4f59\u5185\u5b58\u548c\u53ef\u56de\u6536\u5185\u5b58 <\/li>\n
                                                                        •  \u7f13\u5b58\uff1a\u78c1\u76d8\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u9875\u7f13\u5b58\uff0cslab\u5206\u914d\u5668\u4e2d\u7684\u53ef\u56de\u6536\u90e8\u5206 <\/li>\n
                                                                        •  \u7f13\u51b2\u533a\uff1a\u539f\u59cb\u78c1\u76d8\u5757\u7684\u4e34\u65f6\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u7f13\u5b58\u5c06\u8981\u5199\u5165\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u6570\u636e <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                                                          \u8fdb\u7a0b\u5185\u5b58\u6307\u6807<\/strong><\/p>\n
                                                                            \n
                                                                          •  \u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\uff1a5\u5927\u90e8\u5206 <\/li>\n
                                                                          •  \u5e38\u9a7b\u5185\u5b58\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5b9e\u9645\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u4e0d\u5305\u62ecSwap\u548c\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58 <\/li>\n
                                                                          •  \u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\uff1a\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u5e93\u548c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u6bb5 <\/li>\n
                                                                          •  \u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u641c\u7d22\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\u6280\u672f\u793e\u533a\u540e\u53f0\u56de\u590d\u201c\u7b97\u6cd5\u201d\uff0c\u83b7\u53d6\u4e00\u4efd\u60ca\u559c\u793c\u5305\u3002  <\/li>\n
                                                                          •  Swap\u5185\u5b58\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7Swap\u6362\u51fa\u5230\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u5185\u5b58 <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                                                            \u7f3a\u9875\u5f02\u5e38<\/strong><\/p>\n
                                                                              \n
                                                                            •  \u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u5206\u914d\uff0c\u6b21\u7f3a\u9875\u5f02\u5e38 <\/li>\n
                                                                            •  \u9700\u8981\u78c1\u76d8IO\u4ecb\u5165(\u5982Swap)\uff0c\u4e3b\u7f3a\u9875\u5f02\u5e38\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u5185\u5b58\u8bbf\u95ee\u4f1a\u6162\u5f88\u591a <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                                                              \u5185\u5b58\u6027\u80fd\u5de5\u5177<\/span><\/h4>\n
                                                                              \u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u6307\u6807\u6765\u627e\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5de5\u5177:<\/p>\n
                                                                              \"Linux\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\u603b\u7ed3\u5927\u5168 \u56fe\u7247\u6765\u81ea: www.ctq6.cn <\/p>\n
                                                                              \u5185\u5b58\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u5305\u542b\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u6307\u6807:<\/p>\n
                                                                              \"Linux\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\u603b\u7ed3\u5927\u5168 \u56fe\u7247\u6765\u81ea: www.ctq6.cn <\/p>\n
                                                                              \u5982\u4f55\u8fc5\u901f\u5206\u6790\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9888<\/span><\/h4>\n
                                                                              \u901a\u5e38\u5148\u8fd0\u884c\u51e0\u4e2a\u8986\u76d6\u9762\u6bd4\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5982free\uff0ctop\uff0cvmstat\uff0cpidstat\u7b49<\/p>\n
                                                                                \n
                                                                              •  \u5148\u7528free\u548ctop\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u6574\u4f53\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5 <\/li>\n
                                                                              •  \u518d\u7528vmstat\u548cpidstat\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5224\u65ad\u5185\u5b58\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7c7b\u578b <\/li>\n
                                                                              •  \u6700\u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u8be6\u7ec6\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u7f13\u5b58\/\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u5206\u6790\u7b49 <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                                                                \u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u601d\u8def\uff1a<\/p>\n
                                                                                  \n
                                                                                •  \u6700\u597d\u7981\u6b62Swap\uff0c\u82e5\u5fc5\u987b\u5f00\u542f\u5219\u5c3d\u91cf\u964d\u4f4eswappiness\u7684\u503c <\/li>\n
                                                                                •  \u51cf\u5c11\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u5206\u914d\uff0c\u5982\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u6c60\uff0cHugePage\u7b49 <\/li>\n
                                                                                •  \u5c3d\u91cf\u4f7f\u7528\u7f13\u5b58\u548c\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5982\u7528\u5806\u6808\u660e\u786e\u58f0\u660e\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u9700\u8981\u7f13\u5b58\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u7528Redis\u5916\u90e8\u7f13\u5b58\u7ec4\u4ef6\u6765\u4f18\u5316\u6570\u636e\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee <\/li>\n
                                                                                •  cgroups\u7b49\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u9650\u5236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u88ab\u5f02\u5e38\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8017\u5c3d <\/li>\n
                                                                                •  \/proc\/pid\/oom_adj\u8c03\u6574\u6838\u5fc3\u5e94\u7528\u7684oom_score\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5373\u4f7f\u5185\u5b58\u7d27\u5f20\u6838\u5fc3\u5e94\u7528\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88abOOM\u6740\u6b7b <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                                                                  vmstat\u4f7f\u7528\u8be6\u89e3<\/span><\/h5>\n
                                                                                  vmstat\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684Linux\/Unix\u76d1\u63a7\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c55\u73b0\u7ed9\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u503c,\u5305\u62ec\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\uff0c\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u4ea4\u6362\u60c5\u51b5,IO\u8bfb\u5199\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u6574\u4e2a\u673a\u5668\u7684CPU,\u5185\u5b58,IO\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5355\u5355\u770b\u5230\u5404\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u7387(\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837)\u3002<\/p>\n
                                                                                  vmstat 2\nprocs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- -system-- ------cpu-----\n r  b   swpd   free   buff  cache   si   so    bi    bo   in   cs us sy id wa st\n 1  0      0 1379064 282244 11537528    0    0     3   104    0    0  3  0 97  0  0\n 0  0      0 1372716 282244 11537544    0    0     0    24 4893 8947  1  0 98  0  0\n 0  0      0 1373404 282248 11537544    0    0     0    96 5105 9278  2  0 98  0  0\n 0  0      0 1374168 282248 11537556    0    0     0     0 5001 9208  1  0 99  0  0\n 0  0      0 1376948 282248 11537564    0    0     0    80 5176 9388  2  0 98  0  0\n 0  0      0 1379356 282256 11537580    0    0     0   202 5474 9519  2  0 98  0  0\n 1  0      0 1368376 282256 11543696    0    0     0     0 5894 8940 12  0 88  0  0\n 1  0      0 1371936 282256 11539240    0    0     0 10554 6176 9481 14  1 85  1  0\n 1  0      0 1366184 282260 11542292    0    0     0  7456 6102 9983  7  1 91  0  0\n 1  0      0 1353040 282260 11556176    0    0     0 16924 7233 9578 18  1 80  1  0\n 0  0      0 1359432 282260 11549124    0    0     0 12576 5495 9271  7  0 92  1  0\n 0  0      0 1361744 282264 11549132    0    0     0    58 8606 15079  4  2 95  0  0\n 1  0      0 1367120 282264 11549140    0    0     0     2 5716 9205  8  0 92  0  0\n 0  0      0 1346580 282264 11562644    0    0     0    70 6416 9944 12  0 88  0  0\n 0  0      0 1359164 282264 11550108    0    0     0  2922 4941 8969  3  0 97  0  0\n 1  0      0 1353992 282264 11557044    0    0     0     0 6023 8917 15  0 84  0  0\n\n# \u7ed3\u679c\u8bf4\u660e\n- r \u8868\u793a\u8fd0\u884c\u961f\u5217(\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u591a\u5c11\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u771f\u7684\u5206\u914d\u5230CPU)\uff0c\u6211\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u76ee\u524dCPU\u6bd4\u8f83\u7a7a\u95f2\uff0c\u6ca1\u4ec0\u4e48\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u8dd1\uff0c\u5f53\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e86CPU\u6570\u76ee\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0CPU\u74f6\u9888\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e5f\u548ctop\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u6709\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e863\u5c31\u6bd4\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e865\u5c31\u9ad8\uff0c\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e8610\u5c31\u4e0d\u6b63\u5e38\u4e86\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u5f88\u5371\u9669\u3002top\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u7c7b\u4f3c\u6bcf\u79d2\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u961f\u5217\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd0\u884c\u961f\u5217\u8fc7\u5927\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u4f60\u7684CPU\u5f88\u7e41\u5fd9\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u4f1a\u9020\u6210CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u5f88\u9ad8\u3002\n\n- b \u8868\u793a\u963b\u585e\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b,\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e0d\u591a\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u963b\u585e\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u61c2\u7684\u3002\n\n- swpd \u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u5df2\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5927\u4e8e0\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u4f60\u7684\u673a\u5668\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u8db3\u4e86\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u662f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u9732\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f60\u8be5\u5347\u7ea7\u5185\u5b58\u4e86\u6216\u8005\u628a\u8017\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u8fc1\u79fb\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u673a\u5668\u3002\n\n- free   \u7a7a\u95f2\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u6211\u7684\u673a\u5668\u5185\u5b58\u603b\u51718G\uff0c\u5269\u4f593415M\u3002\n\n- buff   Linux\/Unix\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u7528\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u76ee\u5f55\u91cc\u9762\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6743\u9650\u7b49\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\uff0c\u6211\u672c\u673a\u5927\u6982\u5360\u7528300\u591aM\n\n- cache cache\u76f4\u63a5\u7528\u6765\u8bb0\u5fc6\u6211\u4eec\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6,\u7ed9\u6587\u4ef6\u505a\u7f13\u51b2\uff0c\u6211\u672c\u673a\u5927\u6982\u5360\u7528300\u591aM(\u8fd9\u91cc\u662fLinux\/Unix\u7684\u806a\u660e\u4e4b\u5904\uff0c\u628a\u7a7a\u95f2\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u62ff\u6765\u505a\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\uff0c\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8 \u7a0b\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u5f53\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u65f6\uff0cbuffer\/cached\u4f1a\u5f88\u5feb\u5730\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u3002)\n\n- si  \u6bcf\u79d2\u4ece\u78c1\u76d8\u8bfb\u5165\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\u5927\u4e8e0\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u591f\u7528\u6216\u8005\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u9732\u4e86\uff0c\u8981\u67e5\u627e\u8017\u5185\u5b58\u8fdb\u7a0b\u89e3\u51b3\u6389\u3002\u6211\u7684\u673a\u5668\u5185\u5b58\u5145\u88d5\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u6b63\u5e38\u3002\n\n- so  \u6bcf\u79d2\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u5199\u5165\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\u5927\u4e8e0\uff0c\u540c\u4e0a\u3002\n\n- bi  \u5757\u8bbe\u5907\u6bcf\u79d2\u63a5\u6536\u7684\u5757\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u5757\u8bbe\u5907\u662f\u6307\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u6240\u6709\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5757\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5757\u5927\u5c0f\u662f1024byte\uff0c\u6211\u672c\u673a\u4e0a\u6ca1\u4ec0\u4e48IO\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e00\u76f4\u662f0\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u66fe\u5728\u5904\u7406\u62f7\u8d1d\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e(2-3T)\u7684\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u770b\u8fc7\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230140000\/s\uff0c\u78c1\u76d8\u5199\u5165\u901f\u5ea6\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a140M\u6bcf\u79d2\n\n- bo \u5757\u8bbe\u5907\u6bcf\u79d2\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u5757\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\uff0cbo\u5c31\u8981\u5927\u4e8e0\u3002bi\u548cbo\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u8981\u63a5\u8fd10\uff0c\u4e0d\u7136\u5c31\u662fIO\u8fc7\u4e8e\u9891\u7e41\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8c03\u6574\u3002\n\n- in \u6bcf\u79d2CPU\u7684\u4e2d\u65ad\u6b21\u6570\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u65f6\u95f4\u4e2d\u65ad\n\n- cs \u6bcf\u79d2\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u6b21\u6570\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u8c03\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5c31\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\uff0c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u5207\u6362\uff0c\u4e5f\u8981\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\u8981\u8d8a\u5c0f\u8d8a\u597d\uff0c\u592a\u5927\u4e86\uff0c\u8981\u8003\u8651\u8c03\u4f4e\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6216\u8005\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6570\u76ee,\u4f8b\u5982\u5728apache\u548cnginx\u8fd9\u79cdweb\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u822c\u505a\u6027\u80fd\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65f6\u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c\u51e0\u5343\u5e76\u53d1\u751a\u81f3\u51e0\u4e07\u5e76\u53d1\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u9009\u62e9web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6216\u8005\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u5cf0\u503c\u4e00\u76f4\u4e0b\u8c03\uff0c\u538b\u6d4b\uff0c\u76f4\u5230cs\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bd4\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u548c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u5c31\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u5408\u9002\u7684\u503c\u4e86\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u4e5f\u662f\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u8c03\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5c31\u4f1a\u8fdb\u5165\u5185\u6838\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u662f\u5f88\u8017\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u4e5f\u8981\u5c3d\u91cf\u907f\u514d\u9891\u7e41\u8c03\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u6b21\u6570\u8fc7\u591a\u8868\u793a\u4f60\u7684CPU\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u6d6a\u8d39\u5728\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4CPU\u5e72\u6b63\u7ecf\u4e8b\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5c11\u4e86\uff0cCPU\u6ca1\u6709\u5145\u5206\u5229\u7528\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d6\u7684\u3002\n\n- us \u7528\u6237CPU\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u6211\u66fe\u7ecf\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u505a\u52a0\u5bc6\u89e3\u5bc6\u5f88\u9891\u7e41\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230us\u63a5\u8fd1100,r\u8fd0\u884c\u961f\u5217\u8fbe\u523080(\u673a\u5668\u5728\u505a\u538b\u529b\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u6027\u80fd\u8868\u73b0\u4e0d\u4f73)\u3002\n\n- sy \u7cfb\u7edfCPU\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u592a\u9ad8\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u65f6\u95f4\u957f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u662fIO\u64cd\u4f5c\u9891\u7e41\u3002\n\n- id \u7a7a\u95f2CPU\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cid + us + sy = 100,\u4e00\u822c\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3aid\u662f\u7a7a\u95f2CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\uff0cus\u662f\u7528\u6237CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\uff0csy\u662f\u7cfb\u7edfCPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u3002\n\n- wt \u7b49\u5f85IO CPU\u65f6\u95f4<\/pre>\n
                                                                                   \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n
                                                                                  pidstat \u4f7f\u7528\u8be6\u89e3<\/span><\/h5>\n
                                                                                  pidstat\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u76d1\u63a7\u5168\u90e8\u6216\u6307\u5b9a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5360\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u60c5\u51b5,\u5982CPU,\u5185\u5b58\u3001\u8bbe\u5907IO\u3001\u4efb\u52a1\u5207\u6362\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n
                                                                                  \u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n
                                                                                    \n
                                                                                  •  pidstat \u2013d interval times \u7edf\u8ba1\u5404\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684IO\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5 <\/li>\n
                                                                                  •  pidstat \u2013u interval times \u7edf\u8ba1\u5404\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684CPU\u7edf\u8ba1\u4fe1\u606f <\/li>\n
                                                                                  •  pidstat \u2013r interval times \u7edf\u8ba1\u5404\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u4fe1\u606f <\/li>\n
                                                                                  •  pidstat -w interval times \u7edf\u8ba1\u5404\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362 <\/li>\n
                                                                                  •  p PID \u6307\u5b9aPID <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                                                                    1\u3001\u7edf\u8ba1IO\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5<\/p>\n
                                                                                    pidstat -d 1 10\n\n03:02:02 PM   UID       PID   kB_rd\/s   kB_wr\/s kB_ccwr\/s  Command\n03:02:03 PM     0       816      0.00    918.81      0.00  jbd2\/vda1-8\n03:02:03 PM     0      1007      0.00      3.96      0.00  AliYunDun\n03:02:03 PM   997      7326      0.00   1904.95    918.81  java\n03:02:03 PM   997      8539      0.00      3.96      0.00  java\n03:02:03 PM     0     16066      0.00     35.64      0.00  cmagent\n\n03:02:03 PM   UID       PID   kB_rd\/s   kB_wr\/s kB_ccwr\/s  Command\n03:02:04 PM     0       816      0.00   1924.00      0.00  jbd2\/vda1-8\n03:02:04 PM   997      7326      0.00  11156.00   1888.00  java\n03:02:04 PM   997      8539      0.00      4.00      0.00  java<\/pre>\n
                                                                                     \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n
                                                                                      \n
                                                                                    •  UID <\/li>\n
                                                                                    •  PID <\/li>\n
                                                                                    •  kB_rd\/s: \u6bcf\u79d2\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4ece\u78c1\u76d8\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u91cf KB \u5355\u4f4d read from disk each second KB <\/li>\n
                                                                                    •  kB_wr\/s: \u6bcf\u79d2\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5411\u78c1\u76d8\u5199\u7684\u6570\u636e\u91cf KB \u5355\u4f4d write to disk each second KB <\/li>\n
                                                                                    •  kB_ccwr\/s: \u6bcf\u79d2\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5411\u78c1\u76d8\u5199\u5165\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u88ab\u53d6\u6d88\u7684\u6570\u636e\u91cf\uff0cThis may occur when the task truncates some dirty pagecache. <\/li>\n
                                                                                    •  iodelay: Block I\/O delay, measured in clock ticks <\/li>\n
                                                                                    •  Command: \u8fdb\u7a0b\u540d task name <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                                                                      2\u3001\u7edf\u8ba1CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5<\/p>\n
                                                                                      # \u7edf\u8ba1CPU\npidstat -u 1 10\n03:03:33 PM   UID       PID    %usr %system  %guest    %CPU   CPU  Command\n03:03:34 PM     0      2321    3.96    0.00    0.00    3.96     0  ansible\n03:03:34 PM     0      7110    0.00    0.99    0.00    0.99     4  pidstat\n03:03:34 PM   997      8539    0.99    0.00    0.00    0.99     5  java\n03:03:34 PM   984     15517    0.99    0.00    0.00    0.99     5  java\n03:03:34 PM     0     24406    0.99    0.00    0.00    0.99     5  java\n03:03:34 PM     0     32158    3.96    0.00    0.00    3.96     2  ansible<\/pre>\n
                                                                                       \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n
                                                                                        \n
                                                                                      •  UID <\/li>\n
                                                                                      •  PID <\/li>\n
                                                                                      •  %usr: \u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u5360\u7528 cpu \u7684\u767e\u5206\u6bd4 <\/li>\n
                                                                                      •  %system: \u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728\u5185\u6838\u7a7a\u95f4\u5360\u7528 CPU \u767e\u5206\u6bd4 <\/li>\n
                                                                                      •  %guest: \u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728\u865a\u62df\u673a\u5360\u7528 CPU \u767e\u5206\u6bd4 <\/li>\n
                                                                                      •  %wait: \u8fdb\u7a0b\u7b49\u5f85\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u767e\u5206\u6bd4 <\/li>\n
                                                                                      •  %CPU: \u8fdb\u7a0b\u5360\u7528 CPU \u767e\u5206\u6bd4 <\/li>\n
                                                                                      •  CPU: \u5904\u7406\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684 CPU \u7f16\u53f7 <\/li>\n
                                                                                      •  Command: \u8fdb\u7a0b\u540d <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                                                                        3\u3001\u7edf\u8ba1\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5<\/p>\n
                                                                                        # \u7edf\u8ba1\u5185\u5b58\npidstat -r 1 10\nAverage:      UID       PID  minflt\/s  majflt\/s     VSZ    RSS   %MEM  Command\nAverage:        0         1      0.20      0.00  191256   3064   0.01  systemd\nAverage:        0      1007      1.30      0.00  143256  22720   0.07  AliYunDun\nAverage:        0      6642      0.10      0.00 6301904 107680   0.33  java\nAverage:      997      7326     10.89      0.00 13468904 8395848  26.04  java\nAverage:        0      7795    348.15      0.00  108376   1233   0.00  pidstat\nAverage:      997      8539      0.50      0.00 8242256 2062228   6.40  java\nAverage:      987      9518      0.20      0.00 6300944 1242924   3.85  java\nAverage:        0     10280      3.70      0.00  807372   8344   0.03  aliyun-service\nAverage:      984     15517      0.40      0.00 6386464 1464572   4.54  java\nAverage:        0     16066    236.46      0.00 2678332  71020   0.22  cmagent\nAverage:      995     20955      0.30      0.00 6312520 1408040   4.37  java\nAverage:      995     20956      0.20      0.00 6093764 1505028   4.67  java\nAverage:        0     23936      0.10      0.00 5302416 110804   0.34  java\nAverage:        0     24406      0.70      0.00 10211672 2361304   7.32  java\nAverage:        0     26870      1.40      0.00 1470212  36084   0.11  promtail<\/pre>\n
                                                                                         \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n
                                                                                          \n
                                                                                        •  UID <\/li>\n
                                                                                        •  PID <\/li>\n
                                                                                        •  Minflt\/s : \u6bcf\u79d2\u6b21\u7f3a\u9875\u9519\u8bef\u6b21\u6570 \uff08minor page faults\uff09\uff0c\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u6620\u5c04\u6210\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u4ea7\u751f\u7684 page fault \u6b21\u6570 <\/li>\n
                                                                                        •  Majflt\/s : \u6bcf\u79d2\u4e3b\u7f3a\u9875\u9519\u8bef\u6b21\u6570 (major page faults), \u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u6620\u5c04\u6210\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u65f6\uff0c\u76f8\u5e94 page \u5728 swap \u4e2d <\/li>\n
                                                                                        •  VSZ virtual memory usage : \u8be5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58 KB \u5355\u4f4d <\/li>\n
                                                                                        •  RSS : \u8be5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58 KB \u5355\u4f4d <\/li>\n
                                                                                        •  %MEM : \u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u7387 <\/li>\n
                                                                                        •  Command : \u8be5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u547d\u4ee4 task name <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                                                                          4\u3001\u67e5\u770b\u5177\u4f53\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5<\/p>\n
                                                                                          pidstat -T ALL -r -p 20955 1 10\n03:12:16 PM   UID       PID  minflt\/s  majflt\/s     VSZ    RSS   %MEM  Command\n03:12:17 PM   995     20955      0.00      0.00 6312520 1408040   4.37  java\n\n03:12:16 PM   UID       PID minflt-nr majflt-nr  Command\n03:12:17 PM   995     20955         0         0  java<\/pre>\n
                                                                                           \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236
                                                                                          \n<\/em><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong> <\/p>\n
                                                                                          \u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662fLinux\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\u603b\u7ed3\u5927\u5168 \u00b7 \u5b9e\u8df5+\u6536\u85cf\u7248\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8FDCServers\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
                                                                                          Part1Linux\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316 1\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316 \u6027\u80fd\u6307\u6807 \u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u5feb\u5bf9\u5e94\u7740\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u6307\u6807\uff1a\u541e\u5410\u548c\u5ef6\u65f6 \u56fe\u7247\u6765\u81ea: www.ctq6.cn \u5e94\u7528\u8d1f\u8f7d\u89d2\u5ea6\uff1a\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u4ea7\u54c1\u7ec8\u7aef\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c \u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u89d2\u5ea6\uff1a\u8d44\u6e90\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u3001\u9971\u548c\u5ea6\u7b49 \u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u5c31\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u5df2\u7ecf\u5230\u8fbe\u74f6\u9888\uff0c\u4f46\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5904\u7406\u8fd8\u4e0d\u591f\u5feb\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u652f\u6491\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u6027\u80fd\u5206\u6790\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u627e\u51fa\u5e94\u7528\u6216\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u74f6\u9888\uff0c\u8bbe\u6cd5\u53bb\u907f\u514d\u6216\u7f13\u89e3\u5b83\u4eec\u3002 \u9009\u62e9\u6307\u6807\u8bc4\u4f30\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd \u4e3a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6027\u80fd\u76ee\u6807 \u8fdb\u884c\u6027\u80fd\u57fa\u51c6\u6d4b\u8bd5 \u6027\u80fd\u5206\u6790\u5b9a\u4f4d\u74f6\u9888 \u6027\u80fd\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u544a\u8b66 \u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\u8981\u9009\u53d6\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u5e38\u7528\u7684Linux Performance Tools\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u5e94\u5206\u6790\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\u7c7b\u578b\u3002 \u56fe\u7247\u6765\u81ea: www.ctq6.cn \u5230\u5e95\u5e94\u8be5\u600e\u4e48\u7406\u89e3”\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d” \u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\uff1a\u5355\u4f4d\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5904\u4e8e\u53ef\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u4e0d\u53ef\u4e2d\u65ad\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5e73\u5747\u6d3b\u8dc3\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570\u3002\u5b83\u548c\u6211\u4eec\u4f20\u7edf\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7406\u89e3\u7684CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u5173\u7cfb\u3002 \u5176\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u4e2d\u65ad\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u6b63\u5904\u4e8e\u5185\u6838\u6001\u5173\u952e\u6d41\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff08\u5982\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7b49\u5f85\u8bbe\u5907\u7684I\/O\u54cd\u5e94\uff09\u3002\u4e0d\u53ef\u4e2d\u65ad\u72b6\u6001\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5bf9\u8fdb\u7a0b\u548c\u786c\u4ef6\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u4fdd\u62a4\u673a\u5236\u3002 \u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\u591a\u5c11\u65f6\u5408\u7406 \u5b9e\u9645\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5c06\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\u76d1\u63a7\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u5386\u53f2\u6570\u636e\u5224\u65ad\u8d1f\u8f7d\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002\u5f53\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5b58\u5728\u660e\u663e\u5347\u9ad8\u8d8b\u52bf\u65f6\uff0c\u53ca\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\u548c\u8c03\u67e5\u3002\u5f53\u7136\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f53\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9608\u503c\uff08\u5982\u5f53\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\u9ad8\u4e8eCPU\u6570\u91cf\u768470%\u65f6\uff09 \u73b0\u5b9e\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u7ecf\u5e38\u6df7\u6dc6\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\u548cCPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u4e24\u8005\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u5bf9\u7b49\uff1a CPU\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u5927\u91cfCPU\u4f7f\u7528\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5347\u9ad8\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u4e24\u8005\u4e00\u81f4 I\/O\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u7b49\u5f85I\/O\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5347\u9ad8\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u9ad8 \u5927\u91cf\u7b49\u5f85CPU\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8c03\u5ea6\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5347\u9ad8\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u4e5f\u4f1a\u6bd4\u8f83\u9ad8 \u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\u9ad8\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u662fCPU\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5bfc\u81f4\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u662fI\/O\u7e41\u5fd9\u5bfc\u81f4\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u5206\u6790\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed3\u5408mpstat\/pidstat\u5de5\u5177\u8f85\u52a9\u5206\u6790\u8d1f\u8f7d\u6765\u6e90 2CPU CPU\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362(\u4e0a) CPU\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u628a\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u7684CPU\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\uff08CPU\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u548cPC\uff09\u4fdd\u5b58\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u52a0\u8f7d\u65b0\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u548c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u518d\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u6240\u6307\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u65b0\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4f1a\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f85\u4efb\u52a1\u91cd\u65b0\u8c03\u5ea6\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u518d\u52a0\u8f7d\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u539f\u6765\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u72b6\u6001\u4e0d\u53d7\u5f71\u54cd\u3002 \u6309\u7167\u4efb\u52a1\u7c7b\u578b\uff0cCPU\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u5206\u4e3a\uff1a \u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362 \u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362 \u4e2d\u65ad\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362 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