{"id":62162,"date":"2025-04-29T15:47:50","date_gmt":"2025-04-29T07:47:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/62162\/"},"modified":"2025-04-29T15:47:50","modified_gmt":"2025-04-29T07:47:50","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8linux%e8%bf%9b%e8%a1%8c%e7%94%a8%e6%88%b7%e6%9d%83%e9%99%90%e7%ae%a1%e7%90%86%e5%92%8c%e8%ae%bf%e9%97%ae%e6%8e%a7%e5%88%b6-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/62162\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u8fdb\u884c\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u8fdb\u884c\u548c\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236<\/p>\n<p>\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4fdd\u5bc6\u6027\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528linux\u8fdb\u884c\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u3001\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u7528\u6237\u548c\u7528\u6237\u7ec4<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u7528\u6237\u548c\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u6743\u9650\u3002\u7528\u6237\u662f\u5177\u5907\u767b\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u6743\u9650\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\uff0c\u800c\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u662f\u5c06\u591a\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u5f52\u7c7b\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528useradd\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1asudo useradd username<\/li>\n<li>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528passwd\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1asudo passwd username<\/li>\n<li>\u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528userdel\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1asudo userdel -r username<\/li>\n<li>\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528groupadd\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1asudo groupadd groupname<\/li>\n<li>\u5c06\u7528\u6237\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528usermod\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u7528\u6237\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1asudo usermod -aG groupname username<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li>\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f7f\u7528\u6743\u5229\u6807\u8bb0\uff08permission\uff09\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\u3002\u6743\u5229\u6807\u8bb0\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u7ec4\uff1a\u6240\u6709\u8005\uff08owner\uff09\u3001\u6240\u6709\u8005\u6240\u5c5e\u7ec4\uff08group\uff09\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\uff08others\uff09\u3002\u6bcf\u7ec4\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\u6743\u9650\uff1a\u8bfb\uff08read\uff09\u3001\u5199\uff08write\uff09\u548c\u6267\u884c\uff08execute\uff09\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528chmod\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>sudo chmod 755 filename    \/\/ \u6240\u6709\u8005\u5177\u6709\u8bfb\u3001\u5199\u3001\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u540c\u7ec4\u7528\u6237\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u53ea\u5177\u6709\u8bfb\u548c\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\nsudo chmod +x filename     \/\/ \u7ed9\u6587\u4ef6\u6dfb\u52a0\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\nsudo chmod u-r filename    \/\/ \u53bb\u9664\u6240\u6709\u8005\u7684\u8bfb\u6743\u9650<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Sudo\u6743\u9650<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Sudo\uff08superuser do\uff09\u662fLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u4ee5\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u6267\u884c\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u901a\u8fc7Sudo\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9650\u5236\u7528\u6237\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u8303\u56f4\u548c\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u914d\u7f6eSudo\u6743\u9650\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528visudo\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f16\u8f91sudo\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\/etc\/sudoers\uff0c\u4ee5\u6388\u6743\u6216\u64a4\u9500\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u6267\u884c\u7279\u5b9a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>username ALL=(ALL) ALL    \/\/ \u6388\u6743\u7528\u6237\u6267\u884c\u6240\u6709\u547d\u4ee4\nusername ALL=(root) \/bin\/ls    \/\/ \u6388\u6743\u7528\u6237\u53ea\u80fd\u6267\u884c\/bin\/ls\u547d\u4ee4<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>\u4e8c\u3001\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>SELinux<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>SELinux\uff08Security Enhanced Linux\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5b89\u5168\u589e\u5f3a\u7684Linux\u5185\u6838\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u7f6eSELinux\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9650\u5236\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbf\u95ee\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u67e5\u770bSELinux\u72b6\u6001\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528sestatus\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770bSELinux\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1asudo sestatus<\/li>\n<li>\u4fee\u6539SELinux\u7b56\u7565\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528setsebool\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fee\u6539SELinux\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1asudo setsebool -P httpd_can_network_connect on<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li>\u9632\u706b\u5899<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u9632\u706b\u5899\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u7b56\u7565\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5f00\u542f\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528ufw\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ba1\u7406Ubuntu\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>sudo ufw enable    \/\/ \u5f00\u542f\u9632\u706b\u5899\nsudo ufw allow ssh    \/\/ \u5141\u8bb8SSH\u8fde\u63a5<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7ba1\u7406\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528ufw\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ba1\u7406\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>sudo ufw status    \/\/ \u67e5\u770b\u9632\u706b\u5899\u72b6\u6001\nsudo ufw allow 80    \/\/ \u5141\u8bb8HTTP\u8bbf\u95ee\nsudo ufw delete allow 80    \/\/ \u5220\u9664HTTP\u8bbf\u95ee\u89c4\u5219<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7528\u6237\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre>sudo useradd username\nsudo passwd username<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre>sudo chmod 755 filename\nsudo chmod +x filename\nsudo chmod u-r filename<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u914d\u7f6eSudo\u6743\u9650\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre>sudo visudo<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>username ALL=(ALL) ALL\nusername ALL=(root) \/bin\/ls<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u5f00\u542f\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre>sudo ufw enable\nsudo ufw allow ssh<\/pre>\n<p> \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n<p>\u603b\u7ed3\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u5e76\u9650\u5236\u7528\u6237\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u5408\u7406\u914d\u7f6e\u6743\u9650\u548c\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u5fc5\u987b\u719f\u6089\u548c\u638c\u63e1\u7684\u6280\u80fd\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u672c\u6587\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd\u548c\u793a\u4f8b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u8bfb\u8005\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u65b9\u9762\u6709\u6240\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Linux\u8fdb\u884c\u548c\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8FDCServers\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u8fdb\u884c\u548c\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236 \u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4fdd\u5bc6\u6027\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528linux\u8fdb\u884c\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u3002 \u4e00\u3001\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406 \u7528\u6237\u548c\u7528\u6237\u7ec4 \u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u7528\u6237\u548c\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u6743\u9650\u3002\u7528\u6237\u662f\u5177\u5907\u767b\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u6743\u9650\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\uff0c\u800c\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u662f\u5c06\u591a\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u5f52\u7c7b\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002 \u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528useradd\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1asudo useradd username \u8bbe\u7f6e\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528passwd\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1asudo passwd username \u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528userdel\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1asudo userdel -r username \u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528groupadd\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1asudo groupadd groupname \u5c06\u7528\u6237\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528usermod\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u7528\u6237\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1asudo usermod -aG groupname username \u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650 Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f7f\u7528\u6743\u5229\u6807\u8bb0\uff08permission\uff09\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\u3002\u6743\u5229\u6807\u8bb0\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u7ec4\uff1a\u6240\u6709\u8005\uff08owner\uff09\u3001\u6240\u6709\u8005\u6240\u5c5e\u7ec4\uff08group\uff09\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\uff08others\uff09\u3002\u6bcf\u7ec4\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\u6743\u9650\uff1a\u8bfb\uff08read\uff09\u3001\u5199\uff08write\uff09\u548c\u6267\u884c\uff08execute\uff09\u6743\u9650\u3002 \u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528chmod\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a sudo chmod 755 filename \/\/ \u6240\u6709\u8005\u5177\u6709\u8bfb\u3001\u5199\u3001\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u540c\u7ec4\u7528\u6237\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u53ea\u5177\u6709\u8bfb\u548c\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650 sudo chmod +x filename \/\/ \u7ed9\u6587\u4ef6\u6dfb\u52a0\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650 sudo chmod u-r filename \/\/ \u53bb\u9664\u6240\u6709\u8005\u7684\u8bfb\u6743\u9650 \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 Sudo\u6743\u9650 Sudo\uff08superuser do\uff09\u662fLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u4ee5\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u6267\u884c\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u901a\u8fc7Sudo\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9650\u5236\u7528\u6237\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u8303\u56f4\u548c\u6743\u9650\u3002 \u914d\u7f6eSudo\u6743\u9650\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528visudo\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f16\u8f91sudo\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\/etc\/sudoers\uff0c\u4ee5\u6388\u6743\u6216\u64a4\u9500\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u6267\u884c\u7279\u5b9a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a username ALL=(ALL) ALL \/\/ \u6388\u6743\u7528\u6237\u6267\u884c\u6240\u6709\u547d\u4ee4 username [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-62162","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-os"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62162","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=62162"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62162\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=62162"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=62162"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=62162"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}