{"id":62260,"date":"2025-04-29T12:52:15","date_gmt":"2025-04-29T04:52:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/62260\/"},"modified":"2025-04-29T12:52:15","modified_gmt":"2025-04-29T04:52:15","slug":"nginx%e5%8f%8d%e5%90%91%e4%bb%a3%e7%90%86%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e7%9a%84%e8%b4%9f%e8%bd%bd%e5%9d%87%e8%a1%a1%e5%8e%9f%e7%90%86%e5%92%8c%e5%ae%9e%e7%8e%b0%e6%96%b9%e5%bc%8f-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/62260\/","title":{"rendered":"Nginx\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u539f\u7406\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u539f\u7406\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u6982\u8ff0
\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u662f\u6307\u5c06\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\u5747\u5300\u5730\u5206\u914d\u5230\u591a\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u4f38\u7f29\u6027\u3002Nginx\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u6b3e\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5177\u5907\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5206\u53d1\u548c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u539f\u7406
Nginx\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u539f\u7406\u57fa\u4e8e\u5747\u8861\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u548c\u5206\u914d\u8bf7\u6c42\u5230\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7b97\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\u8f6e\u8be2\uff08round-robin\uff09\u3001\u6743\u91cd\uff08weight\uff09\u548cIP hash\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u8f6e\u8be2\uff08round-robin\uff09\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1aNginx\u9ed8\u8ba4\u91c7\u7528\u8f6e\u8be2\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5373\u5c06\u8bf7\u6c42\u6309\u987a\u5e8f\u4f9d\u6b21\u5730\u5206\u53d1\u5230\u540e\u7aef\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u90fd\u4f1a\u4f9d\u6b21\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6240\u6709\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5747\u8861\u5206\u914d\u3002<\/li>\n
  2. \u6743\u91cd\uff08weight\uff09\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1aNginx\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u7f6e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u6743\u91cd\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0d\u540c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u3002\u6743\u91cd\u8d8a\u9ad8\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f1a\u6536\u5230\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u8d44\u6e90\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u6765\u5206\u914d\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6574\u4f53\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/li>\n
  3. IP hash\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1aNginx\u4f7f\u7528\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\uff0c\u76f8\u540cIP\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u90fd\u4f1a\u5206\u53d1\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6765\u81ea\u540c\u4e00\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u90fd\u843d\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u89e3\u51b3\u4f1a\u8bdd\u4fdd\u6301\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u4e09\u3001\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f
    \u5728Nginx\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. \n

      \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n

      http {\n  upstream backend {\n server backend1.example.com;\n server backend2.example.com;\n  }\n  \n  server {\n listen 80;\n server_name example.com;\n \n location \/ {\n    proxy_pass http:\/\/backend;\n }\n  }\n}<\/pre>\n
       \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n
      \u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7upstream\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7ec4backend\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u5217\u4e3e\u591a\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5730\u5740\u3002\u5728location\u5757\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528proxy_pass\u6307\u4ee4\u5c06\u8bf7\u6c42\u8f6c\u53d1\u5230\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7ec4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
    2. \n
      \u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7b97\u6cd5\u914d\u7f6e\uff1a
      \u53ef\u4ee5\u5728upstream\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528balance\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n
      upstream backend {\n ip_hash;\n server backend1.example.com;\n server backend2.example.com;\n}<\/pre>\n
       \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n
      \u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86IP hash\u7b97\u6cd5\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
    3. \n
      \u6743\u91cd\u914d\u7f6e\uff1a
      \u53ef\u4ee5\u5728upstream\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528weight\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u6743\u91cd\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n
      upstream backend {\n server backend1.example.com weight=2;\n server backend2.example.com weight=3;\n}<\/pre>\n
       \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 <\/p>\n
      \u4e0a\u8ff0\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0cbackend1.example.com\u7684\u6743\u91cd\u4e3a2\uff0cbackend2.example.com\u7684\u6743\u91cd\u4e3a3\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \u56db\u3001\u603b\u7ed3
      Nginx\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u6b3e\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5177\u5907\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u8f6e\u8be2\u3001\u6743\u91cd\u548cIP hash\u7b49\u5747\u8861\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5206\u53d1\u548c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0a\u662f\u5173\u4e8eNginx\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u539f\u7406\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u4ecb\u7ecd\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662fNginx\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u539f\u7406\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8FDCServers\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
      \u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u539f\u7406\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f \u4e00\u3001\u6982\u8ff0\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u662f\u6307\u5c06\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\u5747\u5300\u5730\u5206\u914d\u5230\u591a\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u4f38\u7f29\u6027\u3002Nginx\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u6b3e\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5177\u5907\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5206\u53d1\u548c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u3002 \u4e8c\u3001\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u539f\u7406Nginx\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u539f\u7406\u57fa\u4e8e\u5747\u8861\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u548c\u5206\u914d\u8bf7\u6c42\u5230\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7b97\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\u8f6e\u8be2\uff08round-robin\uff09\u3001\u6743\u91cd\uff08weight\uff09\u548cIP hash\u7b49\u3002 \u8f6e\u8be2\uff08round-robin\uff09\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1aNginx\u9ed8\u8ba4\u91c7\u7528\u8f6e\u8be2\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5373\u5c06\u8bf7\u6c42\u6309\u987a\u5e8f\u4f9d\u6b21\u5730\u5206\u53d1\u5230\u540e\u7aef\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u90fd\u4f1a\u4f9d\u6b21\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6240\u6709\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5747\u8861\u5206\u914d\u3002 \u6743\u91cd\uff08weight\uff09\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1aNginx\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u7f6e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u6743\u91cd\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0d\u540c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u3002\u6743\u91cd\u8d8a\u9ad8\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f1a\u6536\u5230\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u8d44\u6e90\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u6765\u5206\u914d\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6574\u4f53\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u6548\u679c\u3002 IP hash\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1aNginx\u4f7f\u7528\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\uff0c\u76f8\u540cIP\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u90fd\u4f1a\u5206\u53d1\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6765\u81ea\u540c\u4e00\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u90fd\u843d\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u89e3\u51b3\u4f1a\u8bdd\u4fdd\u6301\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002 \u4e09\u3001\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u5728Nginx\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a http { upstream backend { server backend1.example.com; server backend2.example.com; } server { listen 80; server_name example.com; location \/ { proxy_pass http:\/\/backend; } } } \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7upstream\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7ec4backend\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u5217\u4e3e\u591a\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5730\u5740\u3002\u5728location\u5757\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528proxy_pass\u6307\u4ee4\u5c06\u8bf7\u6c42\u8f6c\u53d1\u5230\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7ec4\u3002 \u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7b97\u6cd5\u914d\u7f6e\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728upstream\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528balance\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a upstream backend { ip_hash; server backend1.example.com; server backend2.example.com; } \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86IP hash\u7b97\u6cd5\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u3002 \u6743\u91cd\u914d\u7f6e\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728upstream\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528weight\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u6743\u91cd\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a upstream backend { server backend1.example.com […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-62260","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-os"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62260","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=62260"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62260\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=62260"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=62260"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=62260"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}