{"id":62382,"date":"2025-04-29T09:51:41","date_gmt":"2025-04-29T01:51:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/62382\/"},"modified":"2025-04-29T09:51:41","modified_gmt":"2025-04-29T01:51:41","slug":"%e5%8a%a0%e5%9b%balinux%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%ef%bc%9a%e5%88%a9%e7%94%a8%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4%e8%a1%8c%e5%b7%a5%e5%85%b7%e6%8f%90%e9%ab%98%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e6%80%a7-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/62382\/","title":{"rendered":"\u52a0\u56faLinux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1a\u5229\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\u63d0\u9ad8\u5b89\u5168\u6027"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.php.cn\/upload\/article\/000\/887\/227\/169414031384133.jpg\" class=\"aligncenter\" title=\"\u52a0\u56faLinux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1a\u5229\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\u63d0\u9ad8\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u63d2\u56fe\" alt=\"\u52a0\u56faLinux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1a\u5229\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\u63d0\u9ad8\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u63d2\u56fe\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u52a0\u56faLinux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1a\u5229\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\u63d0\u9ad8\u5b89\u5168\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u6982\u8ff0\uff1a<br \/>\u968f\u7740\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0cLinux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6b63\u53d8\u5f97\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u4e5f\u65e5\u76ca\u7a81\u51fa\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u4fdd\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u9700\u8981\u91c7\u53d6\u4e00\u4e9b\u63aa\u65bd\u6765\u52a0\u56fa\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u5728\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u91cd\u70b9\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u63d0\u9ad8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u5bc6\u7801\u7b56\u7565\u7ba1\u7406<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u5728Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u5bc6\u7801\u7b56\u7565\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u964d\u4f4e\u5bc6\u7801\u88ab\u731c\u6d4b\u3001\u7834\u89e3\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u5bc6\u7801\u7b56\u7565\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>passwd\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u66f4\u6539\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f3a\u5236\u8bbe\u7f6e\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u3002<\/li>\n<li>chage\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801\u8fc7\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u8d26\u6237\u9501\u5b9a\u9009\u9879\u3002<\/li>\n<li>pam_pwquality\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801\u8d28\u91cf\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u5982\u957f\u5ea6\u3001\u590d\u6742\u6027\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre># \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801\u8fc7\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\u4e3a30\u5929\nchage -M 30 username\n\n# \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801\u5fc5\u987b\u5305\u542b\u6570\u5b57\u548c\u7279\u6b8a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u957f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u5c11\u4e8e6\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\npam_pwquality --retry=3 --minlen=6 --minclass=2 --enforce-for-root<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u9632\u706b\u5899\u914d\u7f6e<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u9632\u706b\u5899\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u514d\u53d7\u672a\u6388\u6743\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>iptables\uff1aLinux\u4e0a\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u7f6e\u89c4\u5219\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u8fdb\u51fa\u3002<\/li>\n<li>ufw\uff1aUbuntu Linux\u4e0a\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u914d\u7f6e\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5316iptables\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/li>\n<li>firewalld\uff1aCentOS\u548cFedora\u4e0a\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u914d\u7f6e\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u9009\u9879\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre># \u914d\u7f6eiptables\uff0c\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8SSH\u548cHTTP\u6d41\u91cf\u901a\u8fc7\niptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT\niptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT\niptables -A INPUT -j DROP\n\n# \u4f7f\u7528ufw\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\nufw allow ssh\nufw allow http\nufw default deny\nufw --force enable\n\n# \u4f7f\u7528firewalld\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\nfirewall-cmd --zone=public --add-service=ssh --permanent\nfirewall-cmd --zone=public --add-service=http --permanent\nfirewall-cmd --reload<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>SSH\u914d\u7f6e<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>SSH\u662f\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u9996\u9009\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4fdd\u62a4SSH\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u52a0\u56faSSH\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>sshd_config\uff1aSSH\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7f16\u8f91\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u9650\u5236\u767b\u5f55\u65b9\u5f0f\u3001\u7981\u7528\u7a7a\u5bc6\u7801\u767b\u5f55\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n<li>ssh-keygen\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u751f\u6210\u5bc6\u94a5\u5bf9\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u5b89\u5168\u7684SSH\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/li>\n<li>fail2ban\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u9632\u6b62SSH\u66b4\u529b\u7834\u89e3\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u767b\u5f55\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u6b21\u6570\u81ea\u52a8\u7981\u7528IP\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre># \u7981\u7528\u7a7a\u5bc6\u7801\u767b\u5f55\nsed -i 's\/#PermitEmptyPasswords yes\/PermitEmptyPasswords no\/' \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config\n\n# \u9650\u5236\u767b\u5f55\u7528\u6237\u548c\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\nsed -i 's\/#AllowUsers\/AllowUsers\/' \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config\nsed -i 's\/#AllowGroups\/AllowGroups\/' \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config\n\n# \u751f\u6210SSH\u5bc6\u94a5\u5bf9\nssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096\n\n# \u5b89\u88c5fail2ban\napt-get install fail2ban -y\nsystemctl enable fail2ban<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<p>\u7ed3\u8bba\uff1a<br \/>\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a0\u56faLinux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u53ea\u662f\u52a0\u56fa\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u5176\u4ed6\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u5982\u53ca\u65f6\u66f4\u65b0\u7cfb\u7edf\u8865\u4e01\u3001\u76d1\u63a7\u65e5\u5fd7\u7b49\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u91c7\u53d6\u7efc\u5408\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u514d\u53d7\u5404\u79cd\u5a01\u80c1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u7ba1\u7406Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65f6\uff0c\u8bf7\u59cb\u7ec8\u4fdd\u6301\u8b66\u60d5\uff0c\u5e76\u53ca\u65f6\u5e94\u5bf9\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u52a0\u56faLinux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1a\u5229\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\u63d0\u9ad8\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8FDCServers\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u52a0\u56faLinux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1a\u5229\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\u63d0\u9ad8\u5b89\u5168\u6027 \u6982\u8ff0\uff1a\u968f\u7740\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0cLinux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6b63\u53d8\u5f97\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u4e5f\u65e5\u76ca\u7a81\u51fa\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u4fdd\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u9700\u8981\u91c7\u53d6\u4e00\u4e9b\u63aa\u65bd\u6765\u52a0\u56fa\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u5728\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u91cd\u70b9\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u63d0\u9ad8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002 \u5bc6\u7801\u7b56\u7565\u7ba1\u7406 \u5728Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u5bc6\u7801\u7b56\u7565\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u964d\u4f4e\u5bc6\u7801\u88ab\u731c\u6d4b\u3001\u7834\u89e3\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u5bc6\u7801\u7b56\u7565\uff1a passwd\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u66f4\u6539\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f3a\u5236\u8bbe\u7f6e\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u3002 chage\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801\u8fc7\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u8d26\u6237\u9501\u5b9a\u9009\u9879\u3002 pam_pwquality\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801\u8d28\u91cf\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u5982\u957f\u5ea6\u3001\u590d\u6742\u6027\u7b49\u3002 \u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a # \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801\u8fc7\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\u4e3a30\u5929 chage -M 30 username # \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801\u5fc5\u987b\u5305\u542b\u6570\u5b57\u548c\u7279\u6b8a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u957f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u5c11\u4e8e6\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26 pam_pwquality &#8211;retry=3 &#8211;minlen=6 &#8211;minclass=2 &#8211;enforce-for-root \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u9632\u706b\u5899\u914d\u7f6e \u9632\u706b\u5899\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u514d\u53d7\u672a\u6388\u6743\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff1a iptables\uff1aLinux\u4e0a\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u7f6e\u89c4\u5219\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u8fdb\u51fa\u3002 ufw\uff1aUbuntu Linux\u4e0a\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u914d\u7f6e\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5316iptables\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u3002 firewalld\uff1aCentOS\u548cFedora\u4e0a\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u914d\u7f6e\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u9009\u9879\u3002 \u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a # \u914d\u7f6eiptables\uff0c\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8SSH\u548cHTTP\u6d41\u91cf\u901a\u8fc7 iptables -A INPUT -p tcp &#8211;dport 22 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p tcp &#8211;dport 80 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -j DROP # [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-62382","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-os"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62382","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=62382"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62382\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=62382"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=62382"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=62382"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}