{"id":62383,"date":"2025-04-29T09:39:00","date_gmt":"2025-04-29T01:39:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/62383\/"},"modified":"2025-04-29T09:39:00","modified_gmt":"2025-04-29T01:39:00","slug":"linux%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%ef%bc%9aweb%e6%8e%a5%e5%8f%a3%e4%bf%9d%e6%8a%a4%e7%9a%84%e5%85%88%e8%bf%9b%e6%8a%80%e6%9c%af%e3%80%82-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/62383\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\uff1aWeb\u63a5\u53e3\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u5148\u8fdb\u6280\u672f\u3002"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.php.cn\/upload\/article\/000\/887\/227\/169414066658030.jpg\" class=\"aligncenter\" title=\"Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\uff1aWeb\u63a5\u53e3\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u5148\u8fdb\u6280\u672f\u3002\u63d2\u56fe\" alt=\"Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\uff1aWeb\u63a5\u53e3\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u5148\u8fdb\u6280\u672f\u3002\u63d2\u56fe\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\uff1aWeb\u63a5\u53e3\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u5148\u8fdb\u6280\u672f<\/p>\n<p>\u968f\u7740\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\uff0cWeb\u63a5\u53e3\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u516c\u53f8\u548c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0cWeb\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u6027\u4e5f\u7ed9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u5b89\u5168\u9690\u60a3\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u91c7\u53d6\u5148\u8fdb\u7684\u6280\u672f\u6765\u4fdd\u62a4Web\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\u5728\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e00\u4e9b\u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u62a4Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0aWeb\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u5148\u8fdb\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e9b\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u9632\u706b\u5899\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u9053\u9632\u7ebf\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u9650\u5236\u5141\u8bb8\u8bbf\u95ee\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0aWeb\u63a5\u53e3\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684Web\u63a5\u53e3\u8fd0\u884c\u572880\u7aef\u53e3\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre># \u5141\u8bb8\u8bbf\u95eeWeb\u63a5\u53e3\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\nALLOWED_IP=\"192.168.1.100\"\n\n# \u5141\u8bb8\u8bbf\u95eeWeb\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\nALLOWED_PORT=\"80\"\n\n# \u4f7f\u7528iptables\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\niptables -A INPUT -p tcp -s $ALLOWED_IP --dport $ALLOWED_PORT -j ACCEPT\niptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport $ALLOWED_PORT -j DROP<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u914d\u7f6e\u4f1a\u5141\u8bb8IP\u5730\u5740\u4e3a192.168.1.100\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u901a\u8fc780\u7aef\u53e3\u8bbf\u95eeWeb\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u4ed6IP\u5730\u5740\u901a\u8fc7\u8be5\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u5c06\u88ab\u62d2\u7edd\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>SSL\/TLS\u52a0\u5bc6<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528SSL\/TLS\u52a0\u5bc6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u62a4Web\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u3002\u5728\u914d\u7f6eSSL\/TLS\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u751f\u6210\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u79c1\u94a5\u548c\u8bc1\u4e66\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u914d\u7f6e\u5230Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e2d\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528Nginx\u4f5c\u4e3aWeb\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre># \u751f\u6210\u79c1\u94a5\nopenssl genrsa -out private.key 2048\n\n# \u751f\u6210\u8bc1\u4e66\u7b7e\u540d\u8bf7\u6c42\nopenssl req -new -key private.key -out csr.csr\n\n# \u7b7e\u53d1\u8bc1\u4e66\nopenssl x509 -req -in csr.csr -signkey private.key -out certificate.crt\n\n# \u5c06\u79c1\u94a5\u548c\u8bc1\u4e66\u914d\u7f6e\u5230Nginx\nserver {\n    listen 443 ssl;\n    server_name example.com;\n\n    ssl_certificate \/path\/to\/certificate.crt;\n    ssl_certificate_key \/path\/to\/private.key;\n\n    # \u5176\u4ed6\u914d\u7f6e...\n}<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u914d\u7f6e\u4f1a\u5c06SSL\/TLS\u52a0\u5bc6\u5e94\u7528\u5230Web\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u5728\u4f20\u8f93\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e0d\u88ab\u7a83\u53d6\u6216\u7be1\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528Web\u5e94\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff08WAF\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Web\u5e94\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff08WAF\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u68c0\u6d4b\u548c\u963b\u6b62\u6076\u610f\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u6790HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u96c6\u8fc7\u6ee4\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528ModSecurity\u4f5c\u4e3aWAF\u5de5\u5177\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre># \u5b89\u88c5ModSecurity\napt-get install libapache2-modsecurity -y\n\n# \u914d\u7f6eModSecurity\nvi \/etc\/modsecurity\/modsecurity.conf\n\n# \u542f\u7528ModSecurity\nvi \/etc\/apache2\/mods-available\/security2.conf\n\n# \u91cd\u542fApache\u670d\u52a1\nservice apache2 restart<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u914d\u7f6eModSecurity\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u5b9a\u4e49\u89c4\u5219\u6765\u4fdd\u62a4Web\u63a5\u53e3\u514d\u53d7\u5404\u79cd\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u5982SQL\u6ce8\u5165\u3001\u8de8\u7ad9\u811a\u672c\u653b\u51fb\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u5f3a\u5316\u7528\u6237\u8ba4\u8bc1<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u5f3a\u5316\u7528\u6237\u8ba4\u8bc1\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4Web\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u63aa\u65bd\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528\u7528\u6237\u540d\u548c\u5bc6\u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u8ba4\u8bc1\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u56e0\u7d20\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3001\u4ee4\u724c\u8ba4\u8bc1\u7b49\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u589e\u5f3a\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528OTP\uff08\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u5bc6\u7801\uff09\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u7528\u6237\u8ba4\u8bc1\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre># \u5b89\u88c5Google Authenticator\napt-get install libpam-google-authenticator -y\n\n# \u914d\u7f6eGoogle Authenticator\nvi \/etc\/pam.d\/sshd\n\n# \u542f\u7528Google Authenticator\nvi \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config\n\n# \u91cd\u542fSSH\u670d\u52a1\nservice ssh restart<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u914d\u7f6eGoogle Authenticator\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0e\u5176\u7ed1\u5b9a\u7684OTP\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u9700\u8981\u5728\u767b\u5f55\u65f6\u8f93\u5165\u6b63\u786e\u7684OTP\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7ed3\u8bed<\/p>\n<p>\u4fdd\u62a4Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0aWeb\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u4f18\u5148\u8003\u8651\u7684\u4e8b\u9879\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5148\u8fdb\u7684\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5982\u9632\u706b\u5899\u3001SSL\/TLS\u52a0\u5bc6\u3001Web\u5e94\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899\u548c\u5f3a\u5316\u7528\u6237\u8ba4\u8bc1\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u4f9b\u8bfb\u8005\u53c2\u8003\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u91c7\u53d6\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u4fdd\u62a4Web\u63a5\u53e3\u514d\u53d7\u5404\u79cd\u653b\u51fb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662fLinux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\uff1aWeb\u63a5\u53e3\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u5148\u8fdb\u6280\u672f\u3002\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8FDCServers\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\uff1aWeb\u63a5\u53e3\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u5148\u8fdb\u6280\u672f \u968f\u7740\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\uff0cWeb\u63a5\u53e3\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u516c\u53f8\u548c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0cWeb\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u6027\u4e5f\u7ed9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u5b89\u5168\u9690\u60a3\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u91c7\u53d6\u5148\u8fdb\u7684\u6280\u672f\u6765\u4fdd\u62a4Web\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\u5728\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e00\u4e9b\u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u62a4Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0aWeb\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u5148\u8fdb\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e9b\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u3002 \u4f7f\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899 \u9632\u706b\u5899\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u9053\u9632\u7ebf\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u9650\u5236\u5141\u8bb8\u8bbf\u95ee\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0aWeb\u63a5\u53e3\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684Web\u63a5\u53e3\u8fd0\u884c\u572880\u7aef\u53e3\uff1a # \u5141\u8bb8\u8bbf\u95eeWeb\u63a5\u53e3\u7684IP\u5730\u5740 ALLOWED_IP=&#8221;192.168.1.100&#8243; # \u5141\u8bb8\u8bbf\u95eeWeb\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u7aef\u53e3 ALLOWED_PORT=&#8221;80&#8243; # \u4f7f\u7528iptables\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219 iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -s $ALLOWED_IP &#8211;dport $ALLOWED_PORT -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p tcp &#8211;dport $ALLOWED_PORT -j DROP \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u8fd9\u4e2a\u914d\u7f6e\u4f1a\u5141\u8bb8IP\u5730\u5740\u4e3a192.168.1.100\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u901a\u8fc780\u7aef\u53e3\u8bbf\u95eeWeb\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u4ed6IP\u5730\u5740\u901a\u8fc7\u8be5\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u5c06\u88ab\u62d2\u7edd\u3002 SSL\/TLS\u52a0\u5bc6 \u4f7f\u7528SSL\/TLS\u52a0\u5bc6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u62a4Web\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u3002\u5728\u914d\u7f6eSSL\/TLS\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u751f\u6210\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u79c1\u94a5\u548c\u8bc1\u4e66\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u914d\u7f6e\u5230Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e2d\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528Nginx\u4f5c\u4e3aWeb\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1a # \u751f\u6210\u79c1\u94a5 openssl genrsa -out private.key 2048 # \u751f\u6210\u8bc1\u4e66\u7b7e\u540d\u8bf7\u6c42 openssl req -new -key private.key -out csr.csr # \u7b7e\u53d1\u8bc1\u4e66 openssl [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-62383","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-os"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62383","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=62383"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62383\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=62383"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=62383"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=62383"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}