{"id":62401,"date":"2025-04-29T08:52:26","date_gmt":"2025-04-29T00:52:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/62401\/"},"modified":"2025-04-29T08:52:26","modified_gmt":"2025-04-29T00:52:26","slug":"%e5%88%9b%e5%bb%ba%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e7%9a%84linux%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e7%8e%af%e5%a2%83%ef%bc%9a%e6%8e%8c%e6%8f%a1%e8%bf%99%e4%ba%9b%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/62401\/","title":{"rendered":"\u521b\u5efa\u5b89\u5168\u7684Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u73af\u5883\uff1a\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.php.cn\/upload\/article\/000\/465\/014\/169414995582060.jpg\" class=\"aligncenter\" title=\"\u521b\u5efa\u5b89\u5168\u7684Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u73af\u5883\uff1a\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u63d2\u56fe\" alt=\"\u521b\u5efa\u5b89\u5168\u7684Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u73af\u5883\uff1a\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u63d2\u56fe\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u521b\u5efa\u5b89\u5168\u7684Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u73af\u5883\uff1a\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n<p>\u7b80\u4ecb\uff1a<br \/>\u5728\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u662f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002Linux\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u7a33\u5b9a\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u4e14\u53ef\u5b9a\u5236\u5316\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u8bb8\u591a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u9996\u9009\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684Linux\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u521b\u5efa\u5b89\u5168\u7684Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u66f4\u65b0\u7cfb\u7edf\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8f6f\u4ef6\u90fd\u662f\u6700\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo apt update\nsudo apt upgrade<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<p>\u4e0a\u8ff0\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u68c0\u67e5\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5\u5b83\u4eec\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u7684\u7528\u6237\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528root\u7528\u6237\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u5371\u9669\u7684\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u8d26\u53f7\uff0c\u5e76\u9650\u5236\u5176\u6743\u9650\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u6dfb\u52a0\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6709\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7528\u6237\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>sudo adduser username<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6388\u4e88sudo\u6743\u9650\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>sudo usermod -aG sudo username<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5220\u9664\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u7528\u6237\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>sudo deluser username<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u9632\u706b\u5899\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u514d\u53d7\u6076\u610f\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u5173\u952e\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3002Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528iptables\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9632\u706b\u5899\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5c55\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>sudo iptables -L<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5141\u8bb8\u7279\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3\u901a\u8fc7\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport port_number -j ACCEPT<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5c4f\u853d\u7279\u5b9aIP\u5730\u5740\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>sudo iptables -A INPUT -s IP_address -j DROP<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4fdd\u5b58\u9632\u706b\u5899\u914d\u7f6e\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>sudo iptables-save &amp;gt; \/etc\/iptables\/rules.v4 (IPv4)\nsudo ip6tables-save &amp;gt; \/etc\/iptables\/rules.v6 (IPv6)<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u52a0\u5bc6\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u654f\u611f\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u4f7f\u7528\u52a0\u5bc6\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5982SSL \/ TLS\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u751f\u6210SSL\u8bc1\u4e66\u548c\u79c1\u94a5\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>sudo openssl req -x509 -nodes -days 365 -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout \/etc\/ssl\/private\/key.key -out \/etc\/ssl\/certs\/cert.crt<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u914d\u7f6eNGINX\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528SSL\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>sudo nano \/etc\/nginx\/sites-available\/default\n\n\u5728server\u5757\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u884c\uff1a\nlisten 443 ssl;\nssl_certificate \/etc\/ssl\/certs\/cert.crt;\nssl_certificate_key \/etc\/ssl\/private\/key.key;\n\n\u4fdd\u5b58\u5e76\u9000\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u91cd\u542fNGINX\uff1a\nsudo systemctl restart nginx<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u5b9a\u671f\u5907\u4efd\u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u5b9a\u671f\u5907\u4efd\u662f\u6062\u590d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5907\u4efd\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u590d\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>cp -r \/path\/to\/source \/path\/to\/destination<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u538b\u7f29\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>tar -czvf archive_name.tar.gz \/path\/to\/directory_or_file<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5220\u9664\u65e7\u5907\u4efd\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>find \/path\/to\/backups -mtime +7 -type f -delete<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u76d1\u63a7\u65e5\u5fd7\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u662f\u53d1\u73b0\u6f5c\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u9014\u5f84\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u66f4\u65b0\u65e5\u5fd7\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>sudo journalctl --vacuum-size=50M<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u76d1\u63a7\u65e5\u5fd7\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>sudo tail -f \/var\/log\/syslog<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u67e5\u770b\u5355\u4e2a\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre>sudo cat \/var\/log\/auth.log<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<p>\u7ed3\u8bed\uff1a<br \/>\u521b\u5efa\u5b89\u5168\u7684Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u73af\u5883\u9700\u8981\u638c\u63e1\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u548c\u6280\u5de7\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f46\u4ec5\u662f\u51b0\u5c71\u4e00\u89d2\u3002\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u638c\u63e1Linux\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5c06\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5efa\u7acb\u66f4\u5b89\u5168\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u521b\u5efa\u5b89\u5168\u7684Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u73af\u5883\uff1a\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8FDCServers\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u521b\u5efa\u5b89\u5168\u7684Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u73af\u5883\uff1a\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4 \u7b80\u4ecb\uff1a\u5728\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u662f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002Linux\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u7a33\u5b9a\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u4e14\u53ef\u5b9a\u5236\u5316\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u8bb8\u591a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u9996\u9009\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684Linux\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u521b\u5efa\u5b89\u5168\u7684Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u73af\u5883\u3002 \u66f4\u65b0\u7cfb\u7edf\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff1a \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8f6f\u4ef6\u90fd\u662f\u6700\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\uff1a sudo apt update sudo apt upgrade \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u4e0a\u8ff0\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u68c0\u67e5\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5\u5b83\u4eec\u3002 \u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u7684\u7528\u6237\uff1a \u4f7f\u7528root\u7528\u6237\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u5371\u9669\u7684\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u8d26\u53f7\uff0c\u5e76\u9650\u5236\u5176\u6743\u9650\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u6dfb\u52a0\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6709\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a \u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7528\u6237\uff1a sudo adduser username \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u6388\u4e88sudo\u6743\u9650\uff1a sudo usermod -aG sudo username \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u5220\u9664\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u7528\u6237\uff1a sudo deluser username \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff1a \u9632\u706b\u5899\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u514d\u53d7\u6076\u610f\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u5173\u952e\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3002Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528iptables\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9632\u706b\u5899\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a \u5c55\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\uff1a sudo iptables -L \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u5141\u8bb8\u7279\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3\u901a\u8fc7\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff1a sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp &#8211;dport port_number -j ACCEPT \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u5c4f\u853d\u7279\u5b9aIP\u5730\u5740\uff1a sudo iptables -A INPUT [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-62401","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-os"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62401","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=62401"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62401\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=62401"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=62401"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=62401"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}