{"id":62501,"date":"2025-04-29T09:41:00","date_gmt":"2025-04-29T01:41:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/62501\/"},"modified":"2025-04-29T09:41:00","modified_gmt":"2025-04-29T01:41:00","slug":"linux%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e6%80%a7%ef%bc%9aweb%e6%8e%a5%e5%8f%a3%e4%bf%9d%e6%8a%a4%e7%ad%96%e7%95%a5%e7%9a%84%e6%8c%81%e7%bb%ad%e6%bc%94%e8%bf%9b%e3%80%82-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/62501\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff1aWeb\u63a5\u53e3\u4fdd\u62a4\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u6f14\u8fdb\u3002"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.php.cn\/upload\/article\/000\/887\/227\/169426217361195.jpg\" class=\"aligncenter\" title=\"Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff1aWeb\u63a5\u53e3\u4fdd\u62a4\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u6f14\u8fdb\u3002\u63d2\u56fe\" alt=\"Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff1aWeb\u63a5\u53e3\u4fdd\u62a4\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u6f14\u8fdb\u3002\u63d2\u56fe\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff1aWeb\u63a5\u53e3\u4fdd\u62a4\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u6f14\u8fdb<\/p>\n<p>\u968f\u7740\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u666e\u53ca\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\uff0cWeb\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u968f\u4e4b\u800c\u6765\u7684\u662fWeb\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u65e5\u76ca\u7a81\u51fa\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u7528\u6237\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4e0d\u65ad\u63d0\u5347Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u91c7\u53d6\u6709\u6548\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u6765\u4fdd\u62a4Web\u63a5\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u63a2\u8ba8Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e2d\u7684Web\u63a5\u53e3\u4fdd\u62a4\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5e76\u5c55\u793a\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u66f4\u65b0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u65b0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u53ca\u65f6\u5b89\u88c5\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u8865\u4e01\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fee\u590d\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\u5e76\u63d0\u9ad8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5728Debian\/Ubuntu\u4e0a\u66f4\u65b0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo apt update\nsudo apt upgrade<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u9632\u706b\u5899\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u9053\u9632\u7ebf\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9650\u5236\u4ece\u5916\u90e8\u8bbf\u95ee\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u963b\u6b62\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528iptables\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 80 -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT\nsudo iptables -A OUTPUT -o eth0 -p tcp --sport 80 -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT\nsudo iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 22 -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT\nsudo iptables -A OUTPUT -o eth0 -p tcp --sport 22 -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT\nsudo iptables -A INPUT -j DROP\nsudo iptables -A OUTPUT -j DROP<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<p>\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u5c06\u5141\u8bb8\u4ece\u5916\u90e8\u8bbf\u95eeHTTP\uff08\u7aef\u53e380\uff09\u548cSSH\uff08\u7aef\u53e322\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u62d2\u7edd\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u4f20\u5165\u548c\u4f20\u51fa\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528SSL\/TLS\u4fdd\u62a4\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u5728\u4f20\u8f93\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528SSL\/TLS\u534f\u8bae\u52a0\u5bc6Web\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528Nginx\u914d\u7f6eSSL\u8bc1\u4e66\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>server {\n    listen 443 ssl;\n    server_name example.com;\n\n    ssl_certificate \/etc\/nginx\/ssl\/example.com.crt;\n    ssl_certificate_key \/etc\/nginx\/ssl\/example.com.key;\n\n    location \/ {\n        # Web\u63a5\u53e3\u914d\u7f6e\n    }\n}<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<p>\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u5c06\u76d1\u542cHTTPS\uff08\u7aef\u53e3443\uff09\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u63d0\u4f9bSSL\u8bc1\u4e66\u548c\u79c1\u94a5\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u914d\u7f6e\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u9650\u5236\u5bf9Web\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u57fa\u4e8eIP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u5217\u8868\uff08ACL\uff09\u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u7528\u6237\u540d\u548c\u5bc6\u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528Apache\u914d\u7f6e\u57fa\u4e8eIP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u5217\u8868\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>&lt;directory&gt;\n    Order deny,allow\n    Deny from all\n    Allow from 192.168.0.0\/24\n&lt;\/directory&gt;<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<p>\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u5c06\u5141\u8bb8\u6765\u81ea192.168.0.0\/24\u7f51\u6bb5\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u8bbf\u95eeWeb\u63a5\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u5b9e\u65bd\u5f3a\u5bc6\u7801\u7b56\u7565<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528\u5f3a\u5bc6\u7801\u662f\u9632\u6b62\u6076\u610f\u7528\u6237\u8fdb\u884c\u5bc6\u7801\u731c\u6d4b\u548c\u66b4\u529b\u7834\u89e3\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528PAM\uff08Pluggable Authentication Modules\uff09\u914d\u7f6e\u5f3a\u5bc6\u7801\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>password required pam_cracklib.so retry=3 minlen=8 dcredit=-1 ucredit=-1 ocredit=-1 lcredit=-1<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n<p>\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u5c06\u8981\u6c42\u5bc6\u7801\u81f3\u5c11\u67098\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5fc5\u987b\u5305\u542b\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\u3001\u6570\u5b57\u548c\u7279\u6b8a\u5b57\u7b26\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7efc\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u4fdd\u62a4Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e2d\u7684Web\u63a5\u53e3\u662f\u786e\u4fdd\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u7528\u6237\u6570\u636e\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u66f4\u65b0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u3001\u4f7f\u7528SSL\/TLS\u52a0\u5bc6\u4f20\u8f93\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u5b9e\u65bd\u5f3a\u5bc6\u7801\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u589e\u5f3a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bfb\u8005\u4e86\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u65bd\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7b56\u7565\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\u6240\u793a\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4ec5\u7528\u4e8e\u6f14\u793a\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u51b5\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\u548c\u8c03\u6574\u3002\u5efa\u8bae\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u8c28\u614e\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e76\u9075\u5faa\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u5efa\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662fLinux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff1aWeb\u63a5\u53e3\u4fdd\u62a4\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u6f14\u8fdb\u3002\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8FDCServers\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff1aWeb\u63a5\u53e3\u4fdd\u62a4\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u6f14\u8fdb \u968f\u7740\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u666e\u53ca\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\uff0cWeb\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u968f\u4e4b\u800c\u6765\u7684\u662fWeb\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u65e5\u76ca\u7a81\u51fa\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u62a4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u7528\u6237\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4e0d\u65ad\u63d0\u5347Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u91c7\u53d6\u6709\u6548\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u6765\u4fdd\u62a4Web\u63a5\u53e3\u3002 \u672c\u6587\u5c06\u63a2\u8ba8Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e2d\u7684Web\u63a5\u53e3\u4fdd\u62a4\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5e76\u5c55\u793a\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u3002 \u66f4\u65b0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf \u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u65b0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u53ca\u65f6\u5b89\u88c5\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u8865\u4e01\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fee\u590d\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\u5e76\u63d0\u9ad8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5728Debian\/Ubuntu\u4e0a\u66f4\u65b0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a sudo apt update sudo apt upgrade \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899 \u9632\u706b\u5899\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u9053\u9632\u7ebf\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9650\u5236\u4ece\u5916\u90e8\u8bbf\u95ee\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u963b\u6b62\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528iptables\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a sudo iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -p tcp &#8211;dport 80 -m state &#8211;state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT sudo iptables -A OUTPUT -o eth0 -p tcp &#8211;sport 80 -m state &#8211;state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT sudo iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -p tcp &#8211;dport [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-62501","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-os"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62501","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=62501"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62501\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=62501"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=62501"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=62501"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}