{"id":63041,"date":"2025-04-29T15:54:18","date_gmt":"2025-04-29T07:54:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/63041\/"},"modified":"2025-04-29T15:54:18","modified_gmt":"2025-04-29T07:54:18","slug":"linux%e6%97%a5%e5%bf%97%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6%e4%b8%ad%e5%88%97%e5%b1%9e%e6%80%a7%e7%9a%84%e8%af%a6%e7%bb%86%e8%a7%a3%e6%9e%90-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/63041\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5217\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u6790"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.php.cn\/upload\/article\/000\/887\/227\/170895205269800.jpg\" class=\"aligncenter\" title=\"Linux\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5217\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u6790\u63d2\u56fe\" alt=\"Linux\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5217\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u6790\u63d2\u56fe\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u8bb0\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u3001\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u4ee5\u53ca\u5404\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u5173\u952e\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u5217\u5c5e\u6027\u53ca\u5176\u4f5c\u7528\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4ed6\u4eec\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u8bca\u65ad\u95ee\u9898\u5e76\u53ca\u65f6\u89e3\u51b3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728Linux\u4e2d\uff0c\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u901a\u5e38\u5b58\u653e\u5728\/var\/log\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982messages\u3001auth.log\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\u4e00\u4e0b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u5217\u5c5e\u6027\u53ca\u5176\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\/var\/log\/messages<\/strong>\uff1a<br \/>\u8fd9\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u8fd0\u884c\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u542f\u52a8\u3001\u5173\u95ed\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u542f\u52a8\u548c\u505c\u6b62\u3001\u786c\u4ef6\u4fe1\u606f\u7b49\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5217\u5c5e\u6027\u53ca\u4f5c\u7528\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u8fdb\u7a0bID\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u751f\u6210\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0bID\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u6d88\u606f\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\/var\/log\/auth.log<\/strong>\uff1a<br \/>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u3001\u8ba4\u8bc1\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6210\u529f\u767b\u5f55\u3001\u5931\u8d25\u767b\u5f55\u5c1d\u8bd5\u7b49\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5217\u5c5e\u6027\u53ca\u4f5c\u7528\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u7528\u6237\u540d\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u767b\u5f55\u7528\u6237\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u767b\u5f55\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u767b\u5f55\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5982\u6210\u529f\u6216\u5931\u8d25\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u9664\u4e86\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e24\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u5f88\u591a\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982syslog\u3001kern.log\u3001secure\u7b49\uff0c\u6bcf\u79cd\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5217\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e9b\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u6765\u6f14\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u67e5\u770b\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u4ee5\u53ca\u7406\u89e3\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u5217\u5c5e\u6027\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p>\u67e5\u770b\/var\/log\/messages\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u59345\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>head -n 5 \/var\/log\/messages<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u67e5\u770b\/var\/log\/auth.log\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5305\u542b&#8221;Failed password&#8221;\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>grep \"Failed password\" \/var\/log\/auth.log<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u67e5\u770b\/var\/log\/syslog\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u67d0\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u6bb5\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sed -n '\/2022-09-01 12:00:00\/,\/2022-09-01 13:00:00\/p' \/var\/log\/syslog<\/pre>\n<p>  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u67e5\u770b\u548c\u5206\u6790\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u4ed6\u4eec\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u5e76\u5feb\u901f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3Linux\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u5217\u5c5e\u6027\u53ca\u4f5c\u7528\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u6765\u8bf4\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u719f\u7ec3\u638c\u63e1\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662fLinux\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5217\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u6790\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8FDCServers\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u8bb0\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u3001\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u4ee5\u53ca\u5404\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u5173\u952e\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u5217\u5c5e\u6027\u53ca\u5176\u4f5c\u7528\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4ed6\u4eec\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u8bca\u65ad\u95ee\u9898\u5e76\u53ca\u65f6\u89e3\u51b3\u3002 \u5728Linux\u4e2d\uff0c\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u901a\u5e38\u5b58\u653e\u5728\/var\/log\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982messages\u3001auth.log\u7b49\u3002 \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\u4e00\u4e0b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u5217\u5c5e\u6027\u53ca\u5176\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a \/var\/log\/messages\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u8fd0\u884c\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u542f\u52a8\u3001\u5173\u95ed\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u542f\u52a8\u548c\u505c\u6b62\u3001\u786c\u4ef6\u4fe1\u606f\u7b49\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5217\u5c5e\u6027\u53ca\u4f5c\u7528\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a \u65f6\u95f4\u6233\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff1b \u4e3b\u673a\u540d\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\uff1b \u8fdb\u7a0bID\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u751f\u6210\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0bID\uff1b \u6d88\u606f\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u4fe1\u606f\u3002 \/var\/log\/auth.log\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u3001\u8ba4\u8bc1\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6210\u529f\u767b\u5f55\u3001\u5931\u8d25\u767b\u5f55\u5c1d\u8bd5\u7b49\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5217\u5c5e\u6027\u53ca\u4f5c\u7528\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a \u65f6\u95f4\u6233\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff1b \u4e3b\u673a\u540d\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\uff1b \u7528\u6237\u540d\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u767b\u5f55\u7528\u6237\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d\uff1b \u767b\u5f55\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u767b\u5f55\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5982\u6210\u529f\u6216\u5931\u8d25\u3002 \u9664\u4e86\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e24\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u5f88\u591a\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982syslog\u3001kern.log\u3001secure\u7b49\uff0c\u6bcf\u79cd\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5217\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u4f5c\u7528\u3002 \u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e9b\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u6765\u6f14\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u67e5\u770b\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u4ee5\u53ca\u7406\u89e3\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u5217\u5c5e\u6027\uff1a \u67e5\u770b\/var\/log\/messages\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u59345\u884c\uff1a head -n 5 \/var\/log\/messages \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u67e5\u770b\/var\/log\/auth.log\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5305\u542b&#8221;Failed password&#8221;\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\uff1a grep &#8220;Failed password&#8221; \/var\/log\/auth.log \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u67e5\u770b\/var\/log\/syslog\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u67d0\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u6bb5\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\uff1a sed -n &#8216;\/2022-09-01 12:00:00\/,\/2022-09-01 13:00:00\/p&#8217; \/var\/log\/syslog \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u67e5\u770b\u548c\u5206\u6790\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u4ed6\u4eec\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u5e76\u5feb\u901f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u95ee\u9898\u3002 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