{"id":63159,"date":"2025-04-29T09:03:18","date_gmt":"2025-04-29T01:03:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/63159\/"},"modified":"2025-04-29T09:03:18","modified_gmt":"2025-04-29T01:03:18","slug":"%e4%ba%86%e8%a7%a3linux%e4%b8%adext2%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e7%9a%84%e7%a3%81%e7%9b%98%e5%b8%83%e5%b1%80-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/63159\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4e86\u89e3Linux\u4e2dext2\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u5e03\u5c40"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u4e86\u89e3Linux\u4e2dext2\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u5e03\u5c40\u63d2\u56fe\"<\/p>\n

\u5728Linux\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dext2\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u6700\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u548c\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u3002\u4e86\u89e3ext2\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u5e03\u5c40\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u65b9\u5f0f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5728\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecdext2\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u5e03\u5c40\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8d85\u7ea7\u5757\u3001\u5757\u7ec4\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u8868\u3001inode\u8868\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5757\u7b49\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bfb\u8005\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u8d85\u7ea7\u5757\uff08Super Block\uff09<\/p>\n

\u5728ext2\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u8d85\u7ea7\u5757\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5143\u6570\u636e\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u6574\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u8d85\u7ea7\u5757\u901a\u5e38\u4f4d\u4e8e\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u63cf\u8ff0\u6574\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5316\u7684\u8d85\u7ea7\u5757\u7ed3\u6784\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n

struct ext2_super_block {\n    uint32_t s_inodes_count;      \/\/ \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2dinode\u603b\u6570\n    uint32_t s_blocks_count;      \/\/ \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5757\u603b\u6570\n    uint32_t s_free_blocks_count; \/\/ \u7a7a\u95f2\u5757\u6570\u91cf\n    uint32_t s_free_inodes_count; \/\/ \u7a7a\u95f2inode\u6570\u91cf\n    \/\/ \u5176\u4ed6\u5b57\u6bb5\n    \/\/ ...\n};<\/pre>\n
  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
\u8d85\u7ea7\u5757\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2dinode\u603b\u6570\u3001\u5757\u603b\u6570\u3001\u7a7a\u95f2\u5757\u6570\u91cf\u3001\u7a7a\u95f2inode\u6570\u91cf\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8bfb\u53d6\u8d85\u7ea7\u5757\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u4fe1\u606f\u4ee5\u53ca\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u5757\u7ec4\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u8868\uff08Block Group Descriptor Table\uff09<\/p>\n
\u5728ext2\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u78c1\u76d8\u88ab\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u82e5\u5e72\u5757\u7ec4\uff08Block Group\uff09\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5757\u7ec4\u5305\u542b\u82e5\u5e72\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5757\u3001inode\u4ee5\u53ca\u5757\u7ec4\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u8868\u3002\u5757\u7ec4\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u8868\u5b58\u50a8\u4e86\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5757\u7ec4\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5982inode\u8868\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u5757\u53f7\u3001\u7a7a\u95f2\u5757\u4f4d\u56fe\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u5757\u53f7\u7b49\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5316\u7684\u5757\u7ec4\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u8868\u7ed3\u6784\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n
struct ext2_group_desc {\n    uint32_t bg_block_bitmap;  \/\/ \u7a7a\u95f2\u5757\u4f4d\u56fe\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u5757\u53f7\n    uint32_t bg_inode_bitmap;  \/\/ inode\u4f4d\u56fe\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u5757\u53f7\n    uint32_t bg_inode_table;   \/\/ inode\u8868\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u5757\u53f7\n    \/\/ \u5176\u4ed6\u5b57\u6bb5\n    \/\/ ...\n};<\/pre>\n
  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u5757\u7ec4\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u8868\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5757\u7ec4\u4e2d\u5173\u952e\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001inode\u8868\uff08Inode Table\uff09<\/p>\n
\u5728ext2\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u90fd\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2ainode\u8282\u70b9\uff0c inode\u8282\u70b9\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u4fe1\u606f\uff08\u5982\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u6743\u9650\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u7b49\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u6587\u4ef6\u6570\u636e\u5757\u7684\u6307\u5411\u3002inode\u8868\u5b58\u50a8\u4e86\u6240\u6709inode\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u5305\u542b\u7a7a\u95f2inode\u4f4d\u56fe\u7528\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406inode\u7684\u5206\u914d\u548c\u91ca\u653e\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5316\u7684inode\u7ed3\u6784\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n
struct ext2_inode {\n    mode_t i_mode;              \/\/ \u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u6743\u9650\n    uint32_t i_size;            \/\/ \u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\n    uint32_t i_block[EXT2_N_BLOCKS]; \/\/ \u6587\u4ef6\u6570\u636e\u5757\u6307\u9488\n    \/\/ \u5176\u4ed6\u5b57\u6bb5\n    \/\/ ...\n};<\/pre>\n
  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7inode\u8868\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u7684inode\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5757\u6307\u9488\u3002<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5757\uff08Data Blocks\uff09<\/p>\n
\u5728ext2\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5757\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u6570\u636e\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u6570\u636e\u5757\u88ab\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u6587\u4ef6\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4f1a\u88ab\u5206\u6563\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5757\u4e2d\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5c0f\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5b58\u50a8\u5728inode\u8282\u70b9\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5757\u6307\u9488\u4e2d\uff1b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5219\u4f1a\u88ab\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u95f4\u63a5\u3001\u53cc\u95f4\u63a5\u3001\u4e09\u95f4\u63a5\u5757\u4e2d\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5316\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5757\u6307\u9488\u7ed3\u6784\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n
struct ext2_dir_block {\n    uint32_t block_ptr[EXT2_PTRS_PER_BLOCK]; \/\/ \u6307\u5411\u6570\u636e\u5757\u7684\u6307\u9488\n    \/\/ \u5176\u4ed6\u5b57\u6bb5\n    \/\/ ...\n};<\/pre>\n
  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
\u6570\u636e\u5757\u901a\u8fc7\u6307\u9488\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u76f8\u8fde\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u94fe\u8868\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u6570\u636e\u5757\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u6570\u636e\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5bf9ext2\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u5e03\u5c40\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8bfb\u53d6\u8d85\u7ea7\u5757\u3001\u5757\u7ec4\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u8868\u3001inode\u8868\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5757\u6765\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u672c\u6587\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bfb\u8005\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u5730\u4e86\u89e3Linux\u4e2dext2\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u5e03\u5c40\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u4e86\u89e3Linux\u4e2dext2\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u5e03\u5c40\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8FDCServers\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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