{"id":63304,"date":"2025-04-29T17:31:29","date_gmt":"2025-04-29T09:31:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/63304\/"},"modified":"2025-04-29T17:31:29","modified_gmt":"2025-04-29T09:31:29","slug":"linux%e7%94%a8%e6%88%b7%e5%af%86%e7%a0%81%e5%ad%98%e6%94%be%e4%bd%8d%e7%bd%ae%e5%8f%8a%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e6%80%a7%e5%88%86%e6%9e%90-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fwq.ai\/blog\/63304\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u5b58\u653e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53ca\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u5206\u6790"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Linux\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u5b58\u653e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53ca\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u5206\u6790\u63d2\u56fe\"<\/p>\n

Linux\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u5b58\u653e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53ca\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u5206\u6790<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5728Linux\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u662f\u4ee5\u52a0\u5bc6\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u7528\u6237\u7684\u9690\u79c1\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u63a2\u8ba8Linux\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u7684\u5b58\u653e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u5176\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e9b\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u6765\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bfb\u8005\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n

1. Linux\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u5b58\u653e\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/h3>\n

\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570Linux\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u4e2d\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u5b58\u653e\u5728\/etc\/shadow\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002\/etc\/shadow\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u53ea\u6709root\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u7528\u6237\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u5bc6\u7801\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\/etc\/shadow\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n

root:$6$nGLjUblr$XzN7O1wc\/POpUW0RskYeDwL7ZY\/M2JRsur7OTzVEpJAp8RIz9El\/5D6vo1D2Rw27Ga9eK0ttXFsFAjBReFALm.:18447:0:99999:7:::\nuser1:$6$kVdQD4O8$bT2nI346emSEN4wspfQNvjgSwd.Aqvtq5F2Zz0jiPvDGd8gktC0vzUn5XdhEhMq8VicAvX.7TP9PJH2uPP0gR0:18447:0:99999:7:::<\/pre>\n
  \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
\u6bcf\u884c\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4ee5\u5192\u53f7\u5206\u9694\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u662f\u7ecf\u8fc7\u52a0\u5bc6\u540e\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u662fSHA-512\u7b97\u6cd5\uff08\u4ee5$6$\u5f00\u5934\uff09\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5bc6\u7801\u5728\u5b58\u50a8\u65f6\u662f\u7ecf\u8fc7\u52a0\u5bc6\u5904\u7406\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
2. \u5b89\u5168\u6027\u5206\u6790<\/h3>\n
\u5c3d\u7ba1Linux\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u5b58\u653e\u5728\/etc\/shadow\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7ecf\u8fc7\u52a0\u5bc6\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n
    \n
  •  \u66b4\u529b\u7834\u89e3\u653b\u51fb<\/strong>\uff1a\u9ed1\u5ba2\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0d\u65ad\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u6765\u7834\u89e3\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u8fd9\u79cd\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801\u7b56\u7565\uff08\u5982\u5bc6\u7801\u957f\u5ea6\u3001\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u8981\u6c42\uff09\u5e76\u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u6539\u5bc6\u7801\u3002<\/li>\n
  •  \u63d0\u53d6\/etc\/shadow\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong>\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u9ed1\u5ba2\u80fd\u591f\u83b7\u53d6\u5230\/etc\/shadow\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5bc6\u7801\u5df2\u52a0\u5bc6\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u80fd\u8fdb\u884c\u79bb\u7ebf\u7834\u89e3\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4fdd\u62a4\/etc\/shadow\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/li>\n
  •  \u5f31\u5bc6\u7801<\/strong>\uff1a\u7b80\u5355\u6613\u731c\u6d4b\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u9ed1\u5ba2\u7834\u89e3\u3002\u5efa\u8bae\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u5e76\u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u6539\u5bc6\u7801\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    3. \u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b<\/h3>\n
    3.1. \u66f4\u6539\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801<\/h4>\n
    \u901a\u8fc7passwd\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u66f4\u6539\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
    passwd username<\/pre>\n
      \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
    3.2. \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801\u7b56\u7565<\/h4>\n
    \u901a\u8fc7\u4fee\u6539\/etc\/login.defs\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5bc6\u7801\u957f\u5ea6\u3001\u8fc7\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\u7b49\uff0c\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
    sudo vim \/etc\/login.defs<\/pre>\n
      \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
    3.3. \u67e5\u770b\u5bc6\u7801\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5<\/h4>\n
    \u901a\u8fc7man crypt\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770bLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u652f\u6301\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
    man crypt<\/pre>\n
      \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236   <\/p>\n
    \u7ed3\u8bed<\/h3>\n
    \u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u5bc6\u7801\u5b58\u653e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u5206\u6790\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a0\u5f3a\u5bf9\u5bc6\u7801\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4fdd\u969c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u7ba1\u7406\u7b56\u7565\u548c\u5b9a\u671f\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u5e0c\u671b\u672c\u6587\u80fd\u591f\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bfb\u8005\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u4e86\u89e3Linux\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u7684\u5b58\u653e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53ca\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u91c7\u53d6\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u4fdd\u62a4\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662fLinux\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u5b58\u653e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53ca\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u5206\u6790\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u5173\u6ce8FDCServers\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u7ae0\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
    Linux\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u5b58\u653e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53ca\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u5206\u6790 \u5728Linux\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u662f\u4ee5\u52a0\u5bc6\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u7528\u6237\u7684\u9690\u79c1\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u63a2\u8ba8Linux\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u7684\u5b58\u653e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u5176\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e9b\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u6765\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bfb\u8005\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u3002 1. Linux\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u5b58\u653e\u4f4d\u7f6e \u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570Linux\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u4e2d\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u5b58\u653e\u5728\/etc\/shadow\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002\/etc\/shadow\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u53ea\u6709root\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u7528\u6237\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u5bc6\u7801\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\/etc\/shadow\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a root:$6$nGLjUblr$XzN7O1wc\/POpUW0RskYeDwL7ZY\/M2JRsur7OTzVEpJAp8RIz9El\/5D6vo1D2Rw27Ga9eK0ttXFsFAjBReFALm.:18447:0:99999:7::: user1:$6$kVdQD4O8$bT2nI346emSEN4wspfQNvjgSwd.Aqvtq5F2Zz0jiPvDGd8gktC0vzUn5XdhEhMq8VicAvX.7TP9PJH2uPP0gR0:18447:0:99999:7::: \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u6bcf\u884c\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4ee5\u5192\u53f7\u5206\u9694\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u662f\u7ecf\u8fc7\u52a0\u5bc6\u540e\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u662fSHA-512\u7b97\u6cd5\uff08\u4ee5$6$\u5f00\u5934\uff09\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5bc6\u7801\u5728\u5b58\u50a8\u65f6\u662f\u7ecf\u8fc7\u52a0\u5bc6\u5904\u7406\u7684\u3002 2. \u5b89\u5168\u6027\u5206\u6790 \u5c3d\u7ba1Linux\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u5b58\u653e\u5728\/etc\/shadow\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7ecf\u8fc7\u52a0\u5bc6\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a \u66b4\u529b\u7834\u89e3\u653b\u51fb\uff1a\u9ed1\u5ba2\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0d\u65ad\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u6765\u7834\u89e3\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u8fd9\u79cd\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801\u7b56\u7565\uff08\u5982\u5bc6\u7801\u957f\u5ea6\u3001\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u8981\u6c42\uff09\u5e76\u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u6539\u5bc6\u7801\u3002 \u63d0\u53d6\/etc\/shadow\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u9ed1\u5ba2\u80fd\u591f\u83b7\u53d6\u5230\/etc\/shadow\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5bc6\u7801\u5df2\u52a0\u5bc6\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u80fd\u8fdb\u884c\u79bb\u7ebf\u7834\u89e3\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4fdd\u62a4\/etc\/shadow\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002 \u5f31\u5bc6\u7801\uff1a\u7b80\u5355\u6613\u731c\u6d4b\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u9ed1\u5ba2\u7834\u89e3\u3002\u5efa\u8bae\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u5e76\u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u6539\u5bc6\u7801\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002 3. \u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b 3.1. \u66f4\u6539\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801 \u901a\u8fc7passwd\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u66f4\u6539\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a passwd username \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 3.2. \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801\u7b56\u7565 \u901a\u8fc7\u4fee\u6539\/etc\/login.defs\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5bc6\u7801\u957f\u5ea6\u3001\u8fc7\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\u7b49\uff0c\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a sudo vim \/etc\/login.defs \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 3.3. \u67e5\u770b\u5bc6\u7801\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5 \u901a\u8fc7man crypt\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770bLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u652f\u6301\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a man crypt \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u590d\u5236 \u7ed3\u8bed \u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u5bc6\u7801\u5b58\u653e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u5206\u6790\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a0\u5f3a\u5bf9\u5bc6\u7801\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4fdd\u969c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u7ba1\u7406\u7b56\u7565\u548c\u5b9a\u671f\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u98ce\u9669\u3002 \u5e0c\u671b\u672c\u6587\u80fd\u591f\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bfb\u8005\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u4e86\u89e3Linux\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u7684\u5b58\u653e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53ca\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u91c7\u53d6\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u4fdd\u62a4\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u3002 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